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451.
Cadmium accumulation and tolerance of two castor cultivars in relation to antioxidant systems 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Hanzhi Zhang Qingjun Guo Junxing Yang Tongbin Chen Guangxu Zhu Marc Peters Rongfei Wei Liyan Tian Chunyu Wang Deyun Tan Jie M Gangming Wang Yingxin Wan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(10):2048-2055
To investigate the effects of Cd on tolerance and antioxidant activities of castor, two different castor(Ricinus communis L.) cultivars(Zibo No. 5 and Zibo No. 8) were used for a hydroponic experiment(0, 1 and 2 mg/L Cd) and a pot experiment using Cd-contaminated soil(34 mg/kg) with the addition of ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid(EDTA). The results indicated that there were significant differences between the two cultivars with respect to Cd uptake in shoots(113–248 mg/kg for Zibo No. 5 and 130–288 mg/kg Zibo No. 8), biomass tolerance indexes(64.9%–74.6% for Zibo No. 5 and 80.1%–90.9% for Zibo No. 8) in the hydroponic experiment and survival rates(0% for Zibo No. 5 and 100% for Zibo No. 8)determined by the addition of EDTA in the pot experiment, suggesting that Zibo No. 8 has higher tolerance than Zibo No. 5. Moreover, the castor cultivars have low bioconcentration factors(4.80% for Zibo No. 5 and 5.43% for Zibo No. 8) and low translocation factors(〈1%).Consequently, Zibo No. 8 can participate in Cd phytostabilization in highly Cd-polluted areas. The results indicated that glutathione(GSH) as a non-enzymatic antioxidant, and antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase(GPX), were cultivar- and dose-dependent. The higher tolerance of Zibo No. 8compared with Zibo No. 5 can be attributed to the higher GSH levels in the root and higher GPX activity in the leaf. 相似文献
452.
本报告研究了利用氧化塘处理废水中对硫磷农药的生物净化机理。分离出Pseudomonas sp.CTP-01、CTP-02两个菌株,对对硫磷和对硝基酚具有很高的降解能力,其降解速度分别为11.0g/l/day和6.0g/I/day。观察了对硫磷及分解产物对栅藻光合作用的影响和模拟藻菌系统中对硝基酚的降解。研究了Pseudomonas sp.CTP-01的对硫磷的酶解,对硫磷水解酶降解对硫磷的最高速度可达1×10~4n mol/mg prot./min.Cu离子对酶有明显的激活作用。Pseudomonas sp.CTP-02在降解对硝基酚时首先发生硝基脱落,然后进一步被降解。 相似文献
453.
Eshraq Ahmed Abdullah Abdul Halim Abdullah Zulkarnain Zainal Mohd Zobir Hussein Tan Kar Ban 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(10):1876-1884
A modified hydrophilic penta-bismuth hepta-oxide nitrate (Bi5O7NO3) surface was synthesized via a precipitation method using TiO2 and Ag as modified agents. The synthesized product was characterized by different analytical techniques. The removal efficiency was evaluated using mono-and di-sulphonated azo dyes as model pollutants. Different kinetic, isotherm and diffusion models were chosen to describe the adsorption process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed no noticeable differences in the chemical states of modified adsorbent when compared to pure Bi5O7NO3;however, the presence of hydrophilic centres such as TiO2 and Ag developed positively charged surface groups and improved its adsorption performance to a wide range of azo dyes. Dyes removal was found to be a function of adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, solution pH and temperature. The reduction of Langmuir 1,2-mixed order kinetics to the second or first-order kinetics could be successfully used to describe the adsorption of dyes onto the modified adsorbent. Mass transfer can be described by intra-particle diffusion at a certain stage, but it was not the rate limiting step that controlled the adsorption process. Homogenous behavior of adsorbent surface can be explored by applying Langmuir isotherm to fit the adsorption data. 相似文献
454.
基于小波分析理论及BP神经网络,建立了大气污染控制有效性的评估模型.利用该模型解析天津市污染源排放及气象因素对大气污染物环境浓度的影响.结果表明,SO2浓度波动主要由污染源的季节变化引起,与天气过程有关的短期波动也不容忽视;而PM10浓度波动主要由污染源排放及气象条件的短期变化引起.2002~2003年的气象条件总体上不利于大气扩散,使SO2日均浓度长期分量增加约为3μg/m3;而2004年的气象条件有利于大气扩散,使SO2日均浓度长期分量减小约为5μg/m3.PM10日均浓度长期分量也有类似的规律,2002~2003年的不利气象条件使PM10日均浓度长期分量增高更显著,约为10μg/m3. 相似文献
455.
Qianqian Hong Cheng Liu Qihou Hu Chengzhi Xing Wei Tan Ting Liu Jianguo Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(5):119-134
Information on the vertical distribution of air pollutants is essential for understanding their spatiotemporal evolution underlying urban atmospheric environment. This paper presents the SO2 profiles based on ground-based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements from March 2018 to February 2019 in Hefei, East China. SO2 decrease rapidly with increasing heights in the warm season, while lifted layers were observed in the cold season, indicating accumulation or long-range transport of SO2 in different seasons might occur at different heights. The diurnal variations of SO2 were roughly consistent for all four seasons, exhibiting the minimum at noon and higher values in the morning and late afternoon. Lifted layers of SO2 were observed in the morning for fall and winter, implying the accumulation or transport of SO2 in the morning mainly occurred at the top of the boundary layer. The bivariate polar plots showed that weighted SO2 concentrations in the lower altitude were weakly dependent on wind, but in the middle and upper altitudes, higher weighted SO2 concentrations were observed under conditions of middle-high wind speed. Concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis suggested that potential sources of SO2 in spring and summer were local and transported mainly occurred in the lower altitude from southern and eastern areas; while in fall and winter, SO2 concentrations were deeply affected by long-range transport from northwestern and northern polluted regions in the middle and upper altitudes. Our findings provide new insight into the impacts of regional transport at different heights in the boundary layer on SO2 pollution. 相似文献
456.
大气颗粒物上多环芳烃的识别和源解析的进展 总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30
本文对当前大气颗粒物上PAHs的识别和源解析的定量及定性和半定量的方法进行了综述,定性及半定量方法简便易行,但误差大;化学质量平衡法结果较准确具体,但PAHs会发生化学反应而降解,并且没有各种燃烧源较完整的PAHs成份谱,这已成为CMB广泛推行的障碍;多元统计方法不考虑PAHs的降解,但要求数据量大,国内外的科学工作者用不同的方法和手段,使PAHs来源的识别和源解析工作有了一定进展。 相似文献
457.
458.
459.
催化湿式氧化法处理三环唑生产废水 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10
在高压釜中进行了三环唑农药生产敦水间歇催化湿式氧化试验,结果表明,该法处理高浓度有有毒有机废水是有效的。在试验条件下,COD去除率达80%。反应温度对处理效果影响最大,铜系催化剂具有较高的催化活性。 相似文献
460.