旋流板塔钠强化石灰石湿式烟气脱硫研究

向石灰石脱硫浆液中添加硫酸钠可提高脱硫率。以旋流板塔为吸收器,测定了钠强化石灰石湿式烟气脱硫过程的脱硫率、pH值等随脱硫反应时间的变化情况,对不同pH值范围内的石灰石溶解速率等进行了分析。在与工业操作温度相近的条件下,测定了不同塔板数时的脱硫率和塔压降,计算了平均单板效率。结果表明,增加塔板数,脱硫率提高,而平均单板效率减小,实验条件下,塔板数由1增加到4,液气比为4L／m^3时脱硫率由25．5％提高到48．6％,而平均单板效率则由25．5％下降到15．3％。得出了平均单板效率与塔板数之间的关系式。     

大骨节病病情下降与环境因素的定位研究

１９８７年４月－１９８９年９月对内蒙三个大骨节病村进行了随诊观察，结果表明，大骨节病病情逐年下降，人体硒营养水平相应提高，病情与硒营养水平之间呈显负相关，每日由外源性食物中摄取的硒与病情呈显负相关，而由当地产粮，菜中摄取的硒与情呈显正相关。由肉蛋类食物中摄取与病情呈显负相关，生态环境中的硒基本无变化，增加外源性高硒食物输入病区和改变病区食物构成是控制硒反应性疾病的主要途径。     

美欧环境内分泌干扰物研究框架

欧美于20世纪90年代开始系统研究环境内分泌干扰物（EDs)，为此成立了专门的工作机构负责EDs研究的规划与协调工作。研究框架包括确认EDs对人类和生态效应的方法，剂量一效应关系模型以及检测环境暴露水平等。研究对环境威胁最大受试物的主要毒理学终点有致癌性，生殖发育毒性，神经毒性和免疫毒性，目前危险评价的新进展是应用定量结构活性关系（QSAR）模型预测化学物的安全性。     

战略环境影响评价(SEA)在中国的开展—区域环境评价(REA)

实践和研究表明 :传统的环境影响评价 (EIA) ,即在项目层次上开展的EIA ,不尽完美。而包含有战略环境影响评价的新一代EIA体系将很好的弥补项目EIA的不足 ,并且将可持续发展的思想真正贯彻到实际中去。中国在开展环境影响评价方面 ,也逐渐注重两个层次上EIA的开展 ,特别是结合当前发展的新特点 ,开展了区域环境影响评价。文章论证了区域环境评价 ,无论从层次上 ,还是从评价的对象、内容上都是属于战略环境影响的形式。并基于这个观点 ,介绍了区域环评在中国的开展及今后发展应注意的一些问题。     

坡地赤红壤物理退化及其机理研究──Ⅱ.土壤水分性能退化特征

探讨了坡地赤红壤水分性能退化的特征、结果表明,与地带性自然植被下坡地赤红壤比较,次生植被或人工植被下坡地赤红壤水分性能变劣：表现在导水性降低,2h饱和渗水量明显减少,自然赤红壤比耕型赤红壤的减幅大;持水能力下降,在同样吸力下,土壤持水量较少;供水能力下降,在同样吸力段,表土释放的水量较少;亚表土在低吸力段释放水量较少。     

南亚热带丘陵土壤水分循环及其有效性的研究──Ⅴ.丘陵土壤蒸散量的估算

根据系统实测资料,利用根层土壤水的变化量,按水量平衡公式反算求得观测年、季及旱月的土壤蒸散量.以三年平均及旱年土壤吸入水量减去蒸散量的结果显示,两个观测试区0～100cm土层蒸散量大于吸入水量;若以月平均计,则每月蒸散量大于土壤吸入水量3．84～8．60mm,土壤水的吸入略小于消耗,一年内土壤水量接近平衡．     

Modelling of the fate of selected endocrine disruptors in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in South East Queensland, Australia

The aim of this study was to develop a fugacity-based analysis of the fate of selected industrial compounds (alkylphenols and phthalates) with endocrine disrupting properties in a conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP A) in South East Queensland, Australia. Using mass balance principles, a fugacity model was developed for correlating and predicting the steady-state-phase concentrations, the process stream fluxes, and the fate of four phthalates and four alkylphenols in WWTP A. Input data are the compound's physicochemical properties, measured concentrations and the plant's operating design and parameters. The relative amounts of chemicals that are likely to be volatilized, sorbed to sludge, biotransformed, and discharge in the effluent water was determined. Since it was difficult to predict biotransformation, measured concentrations were used to calibrate the model in terms of biotransformation rate constant. Results obtained by applying the model for the eight compounds showed <40% differences between most of the estimated and measured data from WWTP A. All eight compounds that were modelled in this study had high removal efficacy from WWTP A. Apart from benzyl butyl phthalate and bisphenol A, the majority is removed via biotransformation followed by a lesser proportion removed with the primary sludge. Fugacity analysis provides useful insight into compound fate in a WWTP and with further calibration and validation the model should be useful for correlative and predictive purposes.     

苯胺的超临界水氧化研究1

苯胺的超临界水氧化表明,氧化剂Ｈ２Ｏ２、试验温度、压力和停留时间以及水样的起始ＴＯＣ值对ＴＯＣ的去除率有显著影响．在本试验中,选取了硫酸铜、硫酸铁、硫酸锰等金属盐进行苯胺的均相催化氧化试验研究,结果表明,这些金属盐对苯胺的氧化有不同的催化活性,筛选出硫酸锰和和硫酸亚铁进行了进一步的研究．以硫酸锰作催化剂为例,在４５０℃,２８ＭＰａ,Ｋ＝１．１,ｐＨ＝４．０的条件下,当停留时间为４６ｓ时,ＴＯＣ去除率达到１００%．     

津河水系的修复对天津城市生态环境的影响

针对天津城市生态环境特点和背方城市大气污染现状,探讨了津河水系的修复对改善城市环境质量,丰富城市景观以及修复城市生态环境的重要意义。     

Gangba sheep in the Tibetan plateau: Validating their unique meat quality and grazing factor analysis

Gangba sheep are known for having typical sensory characteristics attributed to free range conditions and grazing on wild plants. The genuine Gangba mutton was selected as the experimental group, and the commercial Tibetan mutton was selected as the control group, the nutritive composition of basic chemical components, amino acids and fatty acids in mutton were investigated to correlate its unique meat quality and eating satisfaction. The results showed that fatty acids were significantly higher (P<0.05) in Gangba mutton than in commercial mutton, and the higher content of flavoring amino acids (glutamic acid and aspartame) were primarily responsible for the taste attributes umami of meat juices. Moreover, the trace elements analysis in mutton and grazing factors (forage, water source and soil) were conducted, to explain the source of essential trace elements in mutton. The concentrations of essential trace elements show that the Gangba mutton was a valuable source for highly available Cu and Zn in human nutrition, and well managed with few detected of toxicity metal. The concentrations of essential trace elements in mutton are closely related to the trace elements in environmental grazing factors. In conclusion, the congenital grazing conditions (a highly mineralized water resource, natural forages and clean soils) were shown to contribute to the unique meat characteristics of Gangba sheep.