南京市环境保护能力建设探讨与研究

环保能力建设对于环保工作的顺利开展具有重要的支撑作用.目前南京市环保能力建设取得了一定的进步,然而,在经济新常态、绿色发展、政府简政放权、环保监察监测垂直化管理等新形势下,对照国家环境监管标准化,信息化和现代化的建设要求,南京市环保能力相对不足.文章基于南京环保统计数据,采用SWOT分析法对南京市环保能力建设情况进行研究,从源头减缓、人才队伍建设、资金投入、管理机制改革、技术支持、公众参与等方面,提出了若干政策建议.     

Association between population density and infection rate suggests the importance of social distancing and travel restriction in reducing the COVID-19 pandemic

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Currently, 2019-nCoV has spread to most countries of the world. Understanding the environmental factors that affect the spread of the disease COVID-19...     

The CO2 emission changes in China’s transportation sector during 1992–2015: a structural decomposition analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Based on a structural decomposition approach, the present paper simultaneously analyzes seven driving factors and forty sectors, which contribute to...     

UV与UV/H2O2降解水中马拉硫磷的机理及毒性变化

本文以马拉硫磷作为研究对象,利用高效液相色谱串联飞行时间质谱仪(HPLC-TOF/MS)鉴别出其在单独UV和UV/H_2O_2降解过程中主要产物的分子结构,进而结合产物生成量的变化推导出可能的降解路径.同时,利用发光细菌发光抑制法和AChE活性抑制法对降解产物综合生物毒性进行了评估.结果表明,利用单独UV降解马拉硫磷,其去除率达到90%时发光抑制率从23.5%降低至15.4%,AChE抑制率未见显著变化;而经UV/H_2O_2工艺处理后,在相同马拉硫磷去除率(90%)条件下,发光抑制率从23.5%升高至93.7%,AChE抑制率由22.1%升高至88.1%.由此可见,不同氧化过程会对马拉硫磷溶液的生物毒性产生显著影响,且目标污染物的去除率不能指示溶液毒性的变化.     

Characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in desert steppe soil related to transportation and industrial activities

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A study area was selected from the industrial region of Gaoshawo Town, Yanchi County, Ningxia, to explore the level of heavy metal pollution in desert...     

Improved selective extraction of 3,3′-dichlorobenzidine by molecularly imprinted polysiloxane microspheres

This report shows an improved selective extraction of the 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine pollutant using molecularly imprinted polysiloxane microspheres (MIPS). 3,3??-Dichlorobenzidine and degradation products are of environmental concern due to their carcinogenic nature. Environmental samples containing 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine are very complex, and the concentration of 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine is usually very low. Current analysis of 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine in environmental matrices often requires cleanup and preconcentration steps that are complex and time-consuming. Therefore, we designed an improved analytical technique. MIPS were synthesized by covalent imprinting. MIPS were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and transmission electron microscopy. MIPS size ranges from 150 to 250?nm. Adsorption capacity and recognition selectivity toward 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine were studied using ultraviolet spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography. Compared with non-imprinted polysiloxane microspheres, results show that the amount of 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine adsorbed by MIPS is greater by a factor of ten. The binding capacity of MIPS for 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine is seven times larger than diphenylamine. MIPS exhibits high affinity to 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine and can be used for the selective extraction of 3,3??-dichlorobenzidine.     

中国农业植被净初级生产力模拟(I)——模型的建立与灵敏度分析

以业已建成的稻麦作物净初级生产力模型为基本框架,建立了一个具有普适性的中国农业植被净初级生产力模型(CropC-)。CropC-的模拟对象为占我国农作物总播种面积2/3的水稻、小麦、玉米、棉花、油菜和大豆。该模型包括2个主要功能模块:光合作用和呼吸作用;土壤-作物系统氮素运移。前者综合考虑了环境因子和氮素的影响,后者包括了作物氮素吸收、土壤氮矿化和化肥氮释放。灵敏度分析表明,在输入参数变化±10%时,CropC-对6个主要输入参数响应的敏感性依次为温度>光合有效辐射>大气CO2浓度>土壤全氮含量>施氮量>降水。模型分析表明,气候变暖将降低作物净初级生产力。     

Vinasse-based biochar magnetic composites: adsorptive removal of tetracycline in aqueous solutions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Highly efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for antibiotic removal are the key to mitigate pollution by industrial wastewaters. Pyrolyzing low-cost...