全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10601篇 |
免费 | 95篇 |
国内免费 | 383篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 85篇 |
废物处理 | 802篇 |
环保管理 | 1304篇 |
综合类 | 1626篇 |
基础理论 | 3296篇 |
污染及防治 | 1928篇 |
评价与监测 | 1063篇 |
社会与环境 | 946篇 |
灾害及防治 | 29篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 52篇 |
2021年 | 48篇 |
2020年 | 58篇 |
2019年 | 44篇 |
2018年 | 1523篇 |
2017年 | 1426篇 |
2016年 | 1245篇 |
2015年 | 199篇 |
2014年 | 99篇 |
2013年 | 103篇 |
2012年 | 535篇 |
2011年 | 1419篇 |
2010年 | 765篇 |
2009年 | 664篇 |
2008年 | 947篇 |
2007年 | 1292篇 |
2006年 | 75篇 |
2005年 | 70篇 |
2004年 | 78篇 |
2003年 | 96篇 |
2002年 | 128篇 |
2001年 | 41篇 |
2000年 | 26篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 15篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1947年 | 1篇 |
1935年 | 2篇 |
1921年 | 1篇 |
1920年 | 1篇 |
1918年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
Emily Rames Anne Roiko Helen Stratton Joanne Macdonald 《Food and environmental virology》2017,9(3):354-357
PCR inhibitory substances in complex sample matrices can cause false negatives or under-estimation of target concentration. This study assessed DNA heat treatment for reducing inhibition during qPCR analysis of human adenovirus (HAdV) in wastewater samples. Inhibition was reduced by heat treating DNA, where mean HAdV concentration was increased by 0.71 log10 GC/L (and up to 3.04 log10 GC/L in one case), and replicate variability and false negatives were reduced. DNA heat treatment should be further investigated for improving reliability of HAdV concentration estimates in water, which can support more accurate assessment of health risks associated with viral pathogen exposure. 相似文献
132.
133.
The capability of a cost-effective and a small size decentralized pilot wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to remove enteric viruses such as rotavirus, norovirus genogroup I (GGI), norovirus genogroup II (GGII), Hepatitis E virus (HEV), and adenovirus was studied. This pilot plant is an integrated hybrid anaerobic/aerobic setup which consisted of anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), biological aerated filter (BAF), and inclined plate settler (IPS). Both the UASB and BAF are packed with a non-woven polyester fabric (NWPF). Results indicated that the overall log10 reductions of enteric viruses’ genome copies through the whole system were 3.1 ± 1, 3.3 ± 0.5, and 2.6 ± 0.9 log10 for rotavirus, norovirus GGI, and adenovirus, respectively. Reduction efficiency for both norovirus GGII and HEV after the different treatment steps could not be calculated because there were no significant numbers of positive samples for both viruses. The overall reduction of rotavirus infectious units through the whole system was 2.2 ± 0.8 log10 reduction which is very close to the overall log10 reduction of adenovirus infectious units through the whole system which was 2.1 ± 0.8 log10 reduction. There was no considerable difference in the removal efficiency for different rotavirus G and P types. Adenovirus 41 was the only type detected in the all positive samples. Although the pilot WWTP investigated is cost effective, has a small footprint, does not need a long distance network pipes, and easy to operate, its efficiency to remove enteric viruses is comparable with the conventional centralized WWTPs. 相似文献
134.
武汉市儿童多途径铅暴露风险评估 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
在武汉市区设置70个采样点,采集土壤、灰尘、大气及食品样品.根据美国EPA推荐的儿童铅暴露参数,应用美国EPA人体暴露风险评估方法对武汉市儿童多途径铅暴露进行了风险评估,结果表明,武汉市区儿童每天的铅暴露量为1.20×10-3mg.(kg.d)-1.经消化道途径是儿童摄入铅的主要途径,其暴露量为1.04×10-3mg.(kg.d)-1,其次为经呼吸道途径及皮肤吸收途径,其暴露量分别为0.153×10-3mg.(kg.d)-1和8.56×10-7mg.(kg.d)-1.在消化道途径中,摄入土壤或灰尘铅暴露量占占总暴露量的52.0%,通过消化道途径摄入土壤或灰尘是最主要的暴露途径.用Monte Carlo法进行模拟,在消化道途径中,通过摄取土壤铅暴露量为2.48×10-2mg.d-1.超过JECFA指定的PTDI的概率为2.1%.风险水平R计算结果表明,从消化道、呼吸道、皮肤吸收这3个途径的铅暴露风险均小于最大可接受风险水平5.0×10-5,其中经过皮肤吸收途径的铅暴露风险值小于可忽略风险水平1×10-8.应用Kriging插值法获得武汉市中心城区儿童铅日暴露量的空间分布,运用指示Kriging方法获得了武汉市儿童铅暴露危险指数图,显示武汉市青山区及江岸区儿童铅暴露水平较高. 相似文献
135.
136.
138.
139.
Maria Rönnqvist Thedi Ziegler Carl-Henrik von Bonsdorff Leena Maunula 《Food and environmental virology》2012,4(1):26-33
Recent events have shown that humans may become infected with some pathogenic avian influenza A viruses (AIV). Since soil
and water, including lakes, rivers, and seashores, may be contaminated by AIV excreted by birds, effective methods are needed
for monitoring water for emerging viruses. Combining water filtration with molecular methods such as PCR is a fast and effective
way for detecting viruses. The objective of this study was to apply a convenient method for the detection of AIV in natural
water samples. Distilled water and lake, river, and seawater were artificially contaminated with AIV (H5N3) and passed through
a filter system. AIV was detected from filter membrane by real-time RT-PCR. The performance of Zetapor, SMWP, and Sartobind
D5F membranes in recovering influenza viruses was first evaluated using contaminated distilled water. SWMP, which gave the
highest virus recoveries, was then compared with a pre-filter combined GF/F filter membrane in a trial using natural water
samples. In this study, the cellulose membrane SMWP was found to be practical for recovery of AIVs in water. Viral yields
varied between 62.1 and 65.9% in distilled water and between 1 and 16.7% in natural water samples. The borosilicate glass
membrane GF/F combined with pre-filter was also feasible in filtering natural water samples with viral yields from 1.98 to
7.33%. The methods described can be used for monitoring fresh and seawater samples for the presence of AIV and to determine
the source of AIV transmission in an outbreak situation. 相似文献
140.
Sara Romani Seyed Reza Mohebbi Seyed Masoud Hosseini Pedram Azimzadeh Mohsen Vahedi Faramarz Derakhshan Mohammad Reza Zali 《Food and environmental virology》2012,4(1):1-5
Noroviruses are one of important agents that cause acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide. These viruses are belonging to Caliciviridae
family and are genetically diverse. To date, there is no valuable data about prevalence of norovirus infection and the dominant
genogroup/genotype among Iranian population. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of norovirus infection
in Iranian patients with gastroenteritis referred to three hospitals of Tehran and to specify the dominant genogroup/genotype
of this virus among our study population. A total of 293 patients with acute gastroenteritis were included in the study. Detection
of norovirus was performed using RT-PCR method and confirmed by direct sequencing with specific designed primers for capsid
region of norovirus genome. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbor-joining method. Norovirus strains identified
in our study were subsequently categorized according to previously defined genogroup/genotypes. Of these, norovirus GII was
dominant genogroup. Sixty-five percent (17 of 26) of positive samples were determined as GII and 35% (9 of 26) were determined
as GI, respectively, in 2008–2009. And among 8 sequenced strains of genogroup II the most frequent genotype was GII.3. The
results of this study indicated that norovirus must be considered as one of the infectious causes of acute gastroenteritis
among Iranian population. We also found that GII.3 is more prevalent in our study population. To the best of our knowledge
there is limited data about the role of noroviruses in children and adults’ acute gastroenteritis among Iranian patients and
this prevalence and genotyping report of norovirus infection could be remarkable for further studies. 相似文献