我国农药废水的处理现状及发展趋势

随着我国农药产量的逐年提高，农药废水的处理形势也日益严峻，因此农药废水处理的新工艺、新方法成为科研工作者研究的热点。根据文献资料，概述了农药废水的种类、特点及其处理方法，主要包括物理法，化学法和生物化学法，以及近些年发展的磁分离法和超声波技术处理法，并叙述了目前我国有机磷、有机氯、有机硫等农药废水的处理现状及研究成果。同时指出了新技术、新工艺的研究及实行清洁生产制度将成为我国农药废水处理技术的发展趋势。     

Hydrogen storage and distribution systems

Hydrogen storage and transportation or distribution is closely linked together. Hydrogen can be distributed continuously in pipelines or batch wise by ships, trucks, railway or airplanes. All batch transportation requires a storage system but also pipelines can be used as pressure storage system. Hydrogen exhibits the highest heating value per weight of all chemical fuels. Furthermore, hydrogen is regenerative and environment friendly. There are two reasons why hydrogen is not the major fuel of toady’s energy consumption: First of all, hydrogen is just an energy carrier. And, although it is the most abundant element in the universe, it has to be produced, since on earth it only occurs in the form of water. This implies that we have to pay for this energy, which results in a difficult economic task, because since the industrialization we are used to consuming energy for free. The second difficulty with hydrogen as an energy carrier is the low critical temperature of 33 K, i.e. hydrogen is a gas at room temperature. For mobile and in many cases also for stationary applications the volumetric and gravimetric density of hydrogen in a storage system is crucial. Hydrogen can be stored by six different methods and phenomena: high pressure gas cylinders (up to 800 bar), liquid hydrogen in cryogenic tanks (at 21 K), adsorbed hydrogen on materials with a large specific surface area (at T < 100 K), absorbed on interstitial sites in a host metal (at ambient pressure and temperature), chemically bond in covalent and ionic compounds (at ambient pressure), oxidation of reactive metals e.g. Li, Na, Mg, Al, Zn with water. These metals easily react with water to the corresponding hydroxide and liberate the hydrogen from the water. Finally, the metal hydroxides can be thermally reduced to the metals in a solar furnace.     

西鄂尔多斯国家级自然保护区旅游开发的战略意义及可行性分析

西鄂尔多斯自然保护区是一个以保护古老残遗植物及草原向荒漠过渡的植被带和多样的生态系统为主要对象的综合性自然保护区。受传统资源开发模式的影响，生态环境十分脆弱，保护难度极大。西部大开发为这一区域旅游开发提供了机遇，通过旅游开发，建立新的经济开发模式，促使区域生态环境好转，以促进保护区的建设和发展。本文就该区域旅游开发的战略意义和可行性进行了探讨。     

废水中优先控制污染酚的HPLC分离-电化学检测

研究了 HPL C分离 -安培法检测四种优先控制污染酚的色谱条件。在 Shim- pack CL C- ODS柱上 ,以 0 .1mol/L Na H2 PO4 +0 .0 5 mm ol/L EDTA· 2 Na+1% CH3 COOH(p H3.0 ) +5 0 % CH3 OH作流动相 ,氧化电位 +1.0 V检测。工作曲线的线性范围在 0～ 30μg/ml,检测限达 ng/m l     

上海市闵行区环保设施专业化运营效应研究

环保设施专业化运营是深化环境管理体制与制度创新，促进环保污染治理设施运营管理的社会化、市场化、专业化、规范化，建立企业污染物达标排放的长效管理机制。以上海闵行区环保设施专业化运营探索工作为实例，介绍了闵行区实施专业化运营的基础、实践内容及效果，分析了环保设施专业化运营的意义、效益和难点，为推广环保设施专业化运营和发展环保产业提供指导意义。     

人的安全性评价研究

随着人们对人在整个安全系统中的重要性认识的不断提高 ,如何对人的安全性进行科学的评价也就越来越显得重要。笔者在综合论述了目前我国对机车乘务人员、起重机械作业人员、驾驶员以及电力运行人员的安全性研究以及国外相关研究的基础上 ,提出了有关人的安全性评价的定义 ,并提出如何建立人的安全性评价体系以及对人的安全性评价的通用指标 ,探讨了在实际工作中如何运用上述指标去评价人的安全性。为人的安全性评价提供了一种有效的方法和新的研究思路     

Alteration in Rhizosphere Soil Properties of Afforested <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhamnus lycioides</Emphasis> Seedlings in Short-Term Response to Mycorrhizal Inoculation with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Glomus intraradices</Emphasis> and Organic Amendment

The reestablisment of autochthonous plant species is an essential strategy for recovering degraded areas under semiarid conditions. A field experiment was carried out to assess the short-term effect of two reafforestation methods involving mycorrhizal inoculation and compost addition on soil quality parameters and Rhamnus lycioides seedling growth. The nutrient content (NPK) and enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, urease, protease-BAA, acid phosphatase and β-glucosidase) increased and bulk density decreased in the rhizosphere soil with the organic amendment. Biomass C of rhizosphere soil increased by at least 240% with respect to the control soil after mycorrhizal inoculation and the combination of compost addition + mycorrhizal inoculation. Both mycorrhizal inoculation and composted organic residue addition increased R. lycioides seedling growth in the same proportion. In the short term, we conclude that the application of both reafforestation methods not only enhances the establishment of R. lycioides seedlings, but also improves soil quality.     

化学混凝-SBR法处理肉禽屠宰废水的研究

针对肉禽屠宰废水的特点，采取了先混凝后生化的处理方法。在实验中确定了最佳混凝剂和最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明，采取此方法处理肉禽屠宰废水，其各项指标可达国家规定的排放标准。     

无声环境不利于健康

噪音对人体健康有害,这是谁也不会怀疑的事实。因此,人们想尽办法采取种种措施,千方百计来减少和消除噪音,以保障身体健康。然而,最近德国科学家们在研究中发现,一个完全没有声响的环境, 对人的身心健康同样也会造成损害。他们的研究表明,无声环境会使人产生恐惧不安、心律失常、食欲减     

济南市水资源现状与可持续发展对策

济南市是资源型缺水城市,地表水遭到严重污染,已成为水质型缺水城市,导致地下水超采、地面沉降、泉水停涌等一系列环境、生态、经济问题,水资源已成为制约济南市发展的瓶颈因素.在对济南市水资源现状及相关问题进行详细分析的基础上,提出加强客水资源调用与管理、水资源循环利用、合理制定水价等水资源可持续利用的措施和对策.