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151.
Boqiang Cui Yin Liu Jinwen Bai Xianjie Du Changxiang Wang 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(12):730-741
ABSTRACT In order to study the effect of fly ash content in cemented paste backfill (CPB) on its anti-sulfate erosion, the apparent phenomenon, strength development, and hydration products change the law of CPB with different fly ash content under long-term soaking of 5% sodium sulfate solution were studied by the macrotest and microanalysis, in addition, the mechanism of CPB anti-sulfate attack was analyzed by combining with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicated that the effect of sulfate environment on the strength of fly ash cemented paste backfill (FCPB) was mainly determined by the hydration products in the FCPB at different soaking times. In the early soaking stage, the formation of ettringite (AFt) in FCPB could improve its compactness, which was conducive to improving the strength of FCPB. In the late soaking stage, there were ettringite-type erosion damage and gypsum erosion-type damage internal of the FCPB with low content fly ash, resulting in microfracture, cracking of the FCPB, and reducing the strength. CPB with an appropriate content of fly ash could improve the internal structure of the FCPB to achieve the purpose of anti-sulfate erosion. 相似文献
152.
国内外油田含油污泥处理技术 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
通过对国内外各种含油污泥处理工艺技术的调查分析和对比,提出了适合国内实际的含油污泥处理技术方案。以离心分离技术为核心,辅之以调质、倾析等多种预处理技术和高温裂解、生物处理等后续处理技术的污泥综合处理工艺,适于我国现阶段的含油污泥处理。 相似文献
153.
本研究建立了一种用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定浸渍活性炭中银含量的分析方法,对酸介质浓度、共存元素的干扰进行了探讨,在0—1.0ml沪范围内,银含量与吸光度呈线性关系,相关系数为0.9999。对09型浸渍活性炭标准物质进行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.191%(n=10),加标回收率为97.5%-101.4%。 相似文献
154.
对酸碱-微波耦合预处理后不同EPS组分在污泥厌氧消化行为中扮演的角色进行研究,通过产甲烷潜能实验评价其甲烷转化性能。结果表明:酸碱-微波耦合预处理通过溶出胞内有机物和改变EPS的分布来影响污泥产甲烷行为。甲烷累积产量最优预处理条件为pH=10,微波500 W,预处理时间120 s。此时,预处理后溶解型胞外聚合物(S-EPS)中的溶解性化学需氧量(SCOD)浓度达到11460 mg/L,是对照组浓度的184.5%,累积甲烷产量为89.08 mL/g,较对照组增加59.9%。碱处理(pH=10和12)时,S-EPS对累积甲烷产量的贡献率分别达到了16.6%和30.4%,远高于松散结合型胞外聚合物(LB-EPS)与紧密结合型胞外聚合物(TB-EPS)。在48 d的厌氧消化过程中,S-EPS对产甲烷的贡献率在1~4 d内快速升高,随后缓慢持续下降。因此,酸碱-微波耦合预处理通过强化污泥S-EPS中的多糖、蛋白质等有机质的溶出,促进污泥甲烷化。 相似文献
155.
156.
基于Arc GIS平台,分析了黄淮海地区1961-2011年最大1 d、3 d和5 d降雨的时空变化特征,同时利用Pearson-III分布对其进行拟合,对比1985年前后10年一遇和50年一遇最大1 d、3 d和5 d降雨的变化情况。研究结果表明:1961-2011年黄淮海地区最大1 d、3 d及5 d降水整体有下降趋势,1995年后下降趋势更为明显;海河流域极端降水量下降幅度较大,洪涝灾害风险近年来有降低趋势;淮河流域整体上存在上升趋势,但2005年后出现下降趋势,整体上洪涝风险有加剧趋势。 相似文献
157.
为了进一步廓清迁地保护条件下孑遗植物四合木(Tetraena mongolica)的光合生理生态适应性,在分析了瞬时光合效率的基础上,应用LI-6400光合作用测定系统测定了迁地保护试验区的四合木以及原生境伴生种白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)的光合作用日变化,并测定了其生长量。结果表明:四合木实生苗的生长南北冠幅大小依次为乌海四合木核心区实生苗(26.48 cm×27.26 cm)>鄂尔多斯实生苗(21.27 cm×21.75 cm)>阿拉善实生苗(19.25 cm×18.27 cm)。在原生境地乌海四合木核心区种植的实生苗与阿拉善实生苗之间的生长量存在显著差异(P≤0.01),与鄂尔多斯实生苗之间的生长量存在显著差异(P≤0.05)。迁地保护条件下四合木生实生苗植株叶片光合速率Pn日变化均呈“双峰”曲线。不同试验区四合木光合作用日变化(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间 CO2浓度(Ci)均表现出明显的分异。迁地保护四合木条件下原生境地栽培的四合木实生苗的光合速率>鄂尔多斯栽培的四合木实生苗的光合速率>阿拉善栽培的四合木实生苗。鉴此可以作进一步推论,孑遗濒危植物四合木从原生境地西鄂尔多斯核心区(乌海)东移进行迁地保护具有更高的生理生态适应性和生境适宜性。但完成“从种子到种子”进而实现“保存性和代表性”,最终实现四合木迁地保护的“保持性和防止性”,保持其遗传多样性和遗传稳定性,最终成功实现四合木的迁地保护仍有待作进一步探索和深入研究。 相似文献
158.
Could wastewater analysis be a useful tool for China? — A review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jianfa Gao Jake O''Brien Foon Yin Lai Alexander L.N. van Nuijs Jun He Jochen F. Mueller Jingsha Xu Phong K. Thai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015
Analysingwastewater samples is an innovative approach that overcomesmany limitations of traditional surveys to identify and measure a range of chemicals that were consumed by or exposed to people living in a sewer catchment area. First conceptualised in 2001, much progress has been made to make wastewater analysis (WWA) a reliable and robust tool for measuring chemical consumption and/or exposure. At the moment, the most popular application of WWA, sometimes referred as sewage epidemiology, is to monitor the consumption of illicit drugs in communities around the globe, including China. The approach has been largely adopted by lawenforcement agencies as a device tomonitor the temporal and geographical patterns of drug consumption. In the future, themethodology can be extended to other chemicals including biomarkers of population health (e.g. environmental or oxidative stress biomarkers, lifestyle indicators or medications that are taken by different demographic groups) and pollutants that people are exposed to (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, perfluorinated chemicals, and toxic pesticides). The extension of WWA to a huge range of chemicals may give rise to a field called sewage chemical-information mining (SCIM) with unexplored potentials. China has many densely populated cities with thousands of sewage treatment plants which are favourable for applying WWA/SCIM in order to help relevant authorities gather information about illicit drug consumption and population health status. However, there are some prerequisites and uncertainties of the methodology that should be addressed for SCIM to reach its full potential in China. 相似文献
159.
Yongguang Yin Xiaoya Yang Xiaoxia Zhou Weidong Wang Sujuan Yu Jingfu Liu Guibin Jiang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,27(8):116-125
The inevitable release of engineered silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into aquatic environments has drawn great concerns about its environmental toxicity and safety. Although aggregation and transformation play crucial roles in the transport and toxicity of AgNPs, how the water chemistry of environmental waters influences the aggregation and transformation of engineered AgNPs is still not well understood. In this study, the aggregation of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated AgNPs was investigated in eight typical environmental water samples (with different ionic strengths, hardness, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations) by using UV–visible spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Raman spectroscopy was applied to probe the interaction of DOM with the surface of AgNPs. Further, the photo-transformation and morphology changes of AgNPs in environmental waters were studied by UV–visible spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and transmission electron microscopy. The results suggested that both electrolytes (especially Ca2 + and Mg2 +) and DOM in the surface waters are key parameters for AgNP aggregation, and sunlight could accelerate the morphology change, aggregation, and further sedimentation of AgNPs. This water chemistry controlled aggregation and photo-transformation should have significant environmental impacts on the transport and toxicity of AgNPs in the aquatic environments. 相似文献
160.
华阳河湖群底泥沉积物特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对华阳河湖群底泥沉积物的粒径、有机质、总磷、总氮含量进行研究,探讨华阳河湖群龙感湖、黄大湖(由大官湖和黄湖组成)、泊湖三大湖区底泥污染物表层及垂向分布规律。结果表明,黄大湖污染程度最大,其底泥中有机质、总磷和总氮含量均比其它湖区要高;有机质,总磷和总氮随着深度而降低,底泥再悬浮释放污染物风险较大;在龙感湖和黄大湖中,总磷和有机质弱相关,总氮和有机质正相关,泊湖则相反,表明3个湖泊底泥沉积物中氮、磷污染负荷的来源有所不同。该研究为研究华阳河湖群内源污染负荷特征和制定湖泊污染综合整治策略提供重要的科学依据。 相似文献