土壤渗滤对有机微污染物去除性能研究

采用土壤柱试验研究了土壤渗滤对再生水中有机微污染物的去除性能。结果表明,土壤柱对再生水中的DOC、UV₂₅₄、总氮和总磷有较好的去除效果,并具有较高的抗冲击负荷的能力;土壤表层10 cm厚度对DOC的去除起主要作用;UV₂₅₄和AOX在土壤表层10 cm厚度降解效果不明显,随着深度增加去除率逐渐升高;液相色谱有机碳探测(LC-OCD)检测结果表明,土壤柱对溶解性有机物质的去除主要体现在对多糖物质的降解上,其次是有机酸类,对腐殖质也有一定的去除作用。     

考虑双向非线性的橡胶垫隔震层静力性能

在高阻尼橡胶垫单向双折线非线性假设的基础上,运用塑性流动法则,建立了平扭耦联隔震体系隔震层的双向非线性弹塑性本构关系计算模型及其静力计算方法。同时,通过隔震层模型的计算,分析了隔震垫非线性及隔震垫不同布置对其静力性能的影响,供平扭耦联隔震体系双向非线性动力性能的进一步研究参考。     

斗轮机斗轮传动联接技术改造

针对宁夏中宁发电有限责任公司斗轮堆取料机(简称斗轮机)斗轮轴胀套联接处粘死问题,进行分析、计算,将胀套联接方式改为花键联接方式。结果表明:斗轮机长期在超负荷工况下运行是造成斗轮轴胀套联接处粘死的主要原因;联接方式改进后,斗轮轴传动负荷能力增大,检修方便,达到了预期的改造效果。     

商场消防安全对经济增长贡献率的研究

消防安全对商场安全运行的技术功能保障与维护作用会伴随商场经济运行的全过程,基于此,构建了商场消防安全增值效益理论,提出了商场消防安全经济增长贡献率的概念,对商场消防安全经济增长贡献率进行了分析计算,并在计算的基础上提出了提高商场消防安全的对策建议.     

基于增长极效应理论的秦巴地区旅游竞合分析

将增长极效应理论应用到区域旅游竞合分析中,以秦巴地区旅游发展为案例,通过秦巴地区旅游竞争力分析,明确了该区域旅游增长极;最后对秦巴区域的发展提出了建议。     

旅游循环经济理念下的珠江源旅游区建设初探

旅游循环经济是发展旅游业一种新的指导思想,是实现旅游业可持续发展的新范式。针对珠江源旅游区的现状,根据旅游循环经济资源循环利用和保护并重的理念,探讨其在旅游区的林地系统利用建设、湿地系统利用建设、岩溶地貌系统利用建设、旅游服务设施系统利用建设方面的应用。     

Invasion of Pinus halepensis Mill. following a wildfire in an Argentine grassland nature reserve

The Ernesto Tornquist nature reserve is a relict of native Pampas vegetation in Argentina. Alien trees were introduced to the reserve in the 1950s, mainly to "improve" the natural landscape, resulting in the arrival of a totally new life form. In 1987, a fire affected an area planted with Pinus halepensis resulting in its massive expansion. In 1999, we removed trees from 17 circular plots of 10 m diameter placed systematically within the area that was colonized after the fire. Trunks were cut 20 cm from the ground and growth rings were counted. We studied the age structure of the population in order to reconstruct the colonizing events after the fire. We found that recruitment occurred throughout this period, except in the three years after the disturbance. We suggest that this delay in recruitment might be caused by low seedling survival under water stress conditions due to low rainfall, combined with scarce vegetation cover after fire. This could have been associated with an initial reduction in propagule pressure due to the scarcity of surviving trees in the vicinity and with the fact that fire occurred after the peak of seed release, during an extremely dry summer, probably killing a great number of seeds that were already in the soil. In the following years, recruitment was probably aided by pioneer trees and later by seeds shed from established pines. Alien trees had been allowed to reach maturity due to wildfire prevention and control in the years preceding the fire and the accumulated dry matter resulted in increased fire intensity that reduced the ability of grasses to re-sprout. As a consequence, the invasion window that allowed the expansion of pines remained open for at least 12 years.     

污泥龄对LSP & PNR污泥减量新工艺运行效能的影响

通过研究分析污泥龄（SRT）对富磷污水除磷的LSP&PNR污泥减量新工艺运行效果的影响,结果发现,延长污泥龄有利于提高系统的厌氧释磷能力,但不影响其总的除磷率,同时磷的回收比例增大,当SRT=50 d时,磷回收率取得最大值70.4％;LSP&PNR系统污泥龄增加,还有利于污泥产率的降低。试验还发现,排富磷污水除磷的长污泥龄LSP&PNR系统的除磷效率与污泥产率之间不存在制约关系,即系统可以同时获得优异的污泥减量与生物除磷效果,当SRT=50 d时,每降解1 kg COD仅产生0.143 kg污泥,而除磷率达最高值928％;LSP&PNR系统中SRT、DO与SVI之间存在一定的相关性,在供氧充足（DO＝0.8～1.5 mg/L）条件下,SRT增加,SVI越高,但对于SRT为50 d的LSP&PNR系统,稳定运行时没有污泥膨胀之虞。     

Fenton法氧化处理水中土霉素的研究

为了评价Fenton法预处理抗生素生产废水中残留的高浓度土霉素的可行性,对Fenton试剂(Fe2 -H2O2)法催化氧化降解水溶液中的土霉素进行了研究.探讨了H2O2与Fe2 投加比例、投加量以及起始pH值对降解效果的影响,同时考察了土霉素废水中大量共存的草酸根离子对氧化过程的影响.结果表明,当H2O2与Fe2 按照5:1的比例投加时降解效率最高,最佳初始pH值在3.0-4.0之间.在最佳投加比例下,H2O2投加量为0.9 mmol/L,100 mg/L的土霉素可在10 min内得到完全降解.最佳反应条件下经过处理后土霉素水溶液TOC的去除率达40%左右,可生化性(BOD5/COD)也得到明显的改善.水中共存的草酸根离子对氧化效率具有明显的影响,但通过增加亚铁离子的量可以消除草酸的影响.     

沼泽红假单胞菌W12对活性黑5的厌氧脱色和降解作用

从处理印染废水的厌氧移动床生物膜反应器（moving bed biofilm reactor, MBBR）中分离到一株具有高效脱色活性的沼泽红假单胞菌W12。经实验确定W12对活性黑5（reactive black 5,RB5）脱色的适宜条件为：pH＜10;有光照;谷氨酸盐或乳酸盐作为碳源,当乳酸钠为碳源时浓度应＞500 mg/L;盐度不超过5％;RB5浓度不大于700 mg/L。紫外可见光谱扫描结果表明,RB5的脱色和降解过程生成芳香胺类化合物,这些中间产物可进一步降解。此外发现,RB5诱导生成的胞外代谢物能提高W12的脱色活性。