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391.
Yue Che Kai Yang Enuo Wu Zhaoyi Shang Weining Xiang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(12):7425-7438
Restoration of urban streams and rivers has increased rapidly in developing countries in recent years. Estimating river health provides a new perspective on evaluating the ecological conditions of streams and rivers. The Suzhou Creek restoration project in Shanghai, China is a milestone for environmental protection. Based on the environmental and ecological data, including 17 indicators in five categories, collected from March 11 to April 20, 2007, the river health index (RHI) for Suzhou Creek was constructed and analysed to quantify the ecosystem of this urban river after a restoration project. The RHI scores of 34 sites ranged from 19.24 to 33.36, i.e. from poor to good. There were no significant RHI differences among stream orders, while differences in land use resulted in significant differences in channel flow status (B12), channel alteration (B21), channel sinuosity (B22), bank stability (B23), bank profile type (B25) and riparian vegetative zone width (B31). River restoration led to improved hydrological condition and channel physical form, while ammonia nitrogen (B44) and indicator scores of the presence of macro-invertebrate families (B51) were the lowest of any indicator. This case study supports the use of river health assessment as a supplement to water quality analysis in China. 相似文献
392.
Raquibul Alam Julie Q. Shang Adnan Hossain Khan 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(4):193
The performance of electroflotation (EF) is strongly influenced by the size of O2 and H2 bubbles. Therefore, in this study, the bubble sizes are measured in a lab-scale EF cell using a high-speed camera. The mean bubble size is found to vary in the range of 32.7–68.6 μm under different operating conditions. This study shows that the electrode material, current density, water pH, ionic strength, and frother (Tennafroth 250) concentration are important factors in controlling the bubble size. Furthermore, four mathematical distributions (normal, log-normal, Weibull, and gamma distributions) are fitted to the experimental data, among which the log-normal distribution is found to be the best fit based on the lower Anderson-Darling (AD) value. 相似文献
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利用化工污染物能抑制荧光素酶催化发光反应这一特性,对水质中6种化工化合物分别进行毒性测试,建立一种快速检测水质中化工污染物毒性的生物学方法。实验结果表明,对苯二酚、4-氨基酚、苯胺、氯仿、盐酸邻联甲苯胺和硫柳汞的EC50值分别为:5.563、10.225、20.236、38.432、8.827和0.6 mg/L,6种污染物毒性大小依次为:硫柳汞>对苯二酚>盐酸邻联甲苯胺>4-氨基酚>苯胺>氯仿,相关系数>0.95。该方法为进一步研究基于荧光素酶反应体系检测水质中化工污染物综合毒性的生物传感器方法奠定基础。 相似文献
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北京夏季高温高湿和降水过程对大气颗粒物谱分布的影响 总被引:34,自引:8,他引:26
2004-07-13~2004-08-23使用TDMPS-APS系统在线测量颗粒物的数浓度谱分布,并于07-16~07-18选取了高温闷热夜晚、日间高温高湿和雨后晴朗干洁3种天气条件,使用多级串联撞击式采样器(MOUDI)测量颗粒物的质量浓度谱分布,结果表明,高温高湿天气条件下颗粒物的污染、尤其细粒子污染严重,导致很低的能见度(2.5km);PM1.8和PM10的质量浓度分别为170.68μg/m3和249.35μg/m3,细粒子质量浓度占PM10的68%;粒径为50~100nm颗粒物的数浓度最高,为2×104~3×104个/cm3;降雨过程对粗粒子和细粒子均有去除作用,对细粒子的去除作用尤为明显;降雨后PM10和PM1.8浓度分别比降雨前降低3倍和6倍;降雨过后的晴朗干洁天气有利于新粒子(3~20nm)的生成,生成的新粒子快速长大到50~100nm;随着污染物的累积,以后几天内又变为污染天气. 相似文献
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398.
The Microtox toxicity and Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) inhibition tests were conducted to monitor the variation of toxicity during ozonation of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 3-chlorophenol (3-CP) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) under neutral conditions. The results revealed that the oxidized 2-CP solution exhibited new toxicity to pure bacteria and mixed microorganisms in the early stage of ozonation. The largest inhibition of OUR appeared at one mol of applied ozone dosage per mol of initial 2-CP, and the percentage of inhibition was 63.8%. In addition, ozonated 3-CP and 4-CP also significantly induced new aqueous toxicity, if these toxic intermediates were not further ozonated. Comparing the variation of toxicity and the hydroxylated/chlorinated intermediates formed, 3-chloro-catechol, 2-chloro-2, 4-hexadienedioic acid and the dimmer compounds may be related to the sources of toxicity during the ozonation of 2-CP. 相似文献
399.
研究了在模似池塘小生境中,147Pm在水体、土壤及水生生物之间的转移和积累情况,建立了动力学模型。结果表明:其行为符合一级反应动力学模式;水生植物对147Pm的浓缩能力最强;鱼对147Pm的吸收极少;147Pm在土壤中的渗透力较弱,80%浓缩于泥土表层1cm内。因此,水生植物可作为147Pm污染水体的环境监测指示生物,并可用于净化被147Pm污染的水体;土壤可以沉淀水体中的147Pm,对去污有一定效果。 相似文献
400.