卫生填埋场的设计与操作

对卫生填埋场的选址，设计、操作程序及工程费用进行了概述，目前是使填埋场的设计，建造 环境造成的污染最小甚至没有污染。     

长春市水环境生态系统服务功能价值评估

生态系统服务不是无偿提供的，而是用货币量算，价值不菲。对长春市水生态系统的5项服务功能进行估算累加。可以得出目前长春市水生态系统服务每年价值在62599．35万元之上。比1990年的水生态系统服务价值有所削减。也就是说，在过去10a间，长春市水生环境给人们提供的福利在减少。因为各技术和学科本身的局限，所得值只能作为决策者的参考，而更精确的结果需要更合理的方法和更深入广泛的研究。     

长江三峡磨子湾滑坡形成过程的离散元模拟

本文采用离散单元法模拟了磨子湾滑坡变形破坏发展的动态过程。模拟结果与地质分析结果具有很好的一致性。达到了地质分析与数值模拟相互引证的目的。     

环氧丙烷燃烧特性研究

利用燃烧盘对环氧丙烷的燃烧特性进行了研究,观测其质量燃烧速率、火焰形态、热辐射强度,并进行理论计算。结果表明:环氧丙烷在4.52 m~2燃烧盘中质量燃烧速率达到24.0 kg/(min·m~2),是1.73 m~2燃烧盘环氧丙烷燃烧速率5.40 kg/(min·m~2)的4.45倍。环氧丙烷在1.73m~2、4.52 m~2燃烧盘的火焰高度分别为3.5 m和6.2 m,均高于Thoms和Heskestad模型的预测结果。同等条件下环氧丙烷的火焰热辐射强度,高于汽油、石脑油和乙醇。     

竹园污水厂闭式双泥龄工艺活性污泥数学模型的参数研究

竹园第二污水厂采用一种闭式双泥龄新型工艺。以活性污泥1号模型(ASM1)为基础,测定污水厂的进水水质特性参数、异养菌产率系数(YH)和异养菌衰减系数(bH),为后续工艺模型的建立和校正提供基础数据。结果表明:竹园第二污水厂进水易生物降解有机物(Ss)、慢速生物降解有机物(Xs)、溶解态惰性有机物(SI)、异养菌(XBH)、颗粒态惰性有机物(XI)占总COD的平均比值分别为20.0%、32.1%、17.4%、9.6%、20.9%。进水氨氮(SNH)、溶解态可生物降解有机氮(SND)、颗粒态可生物降解有机氮(XND)占TN的平均比值分别为71.5%、10.0%、18.5%。闭式双泥龄工艺平行组合中的传统活性污泥池和A/O池分支的异养菌产率系数(YH)分别为0.68和0.78,异养菌衰减系数(bH)分别为0.501 d-1和0.621 d-1。     

膜生物反应器在废水处理中的研究现状

膜生物反应器(MBR)是将生物处理技术和膜分离技术相结合的一种新型水处理技术。膜生物反应器具有常规废水处理工艺无法比拟的优势,本文介绍了膜生物反应器的分类、最新组合工艺及其在废水处理中的应用,并详细介绍了膜生物反应器存在的问题以及发展的前景。     

TiO2纳米粒子气-固复相光催化氧化VOCs作用的研究进展

本文总结了90年代以来TiO2纳米粒子气-固复相光催化氧化气相有机污染物的影响因素、反应机理和动力学,阐述了几种特定有机污染物的光催化氧化过程,并对应用前景作出展望.     

E. coli and bacteriophage MS2 disinfection by UV,ozone and the combined UV and ozone processes

The combination of low-dose ozone with ultraviolet （UV） irradiation should be an option to give benefit to disinfection and reduce drawbacks of UV and ozone disinfection. However, less is known about the disinfection performance of UV and ozone （UV/ozone） coexposure and sequential UV-followed-by-ozone （UV- ozone） and ozone-followed-by-UV （ozone-UV） expo- sures. In this study, inactivation of E. coli and bacterioph- age MS2 by UV, ozone, UV/ozone coexposure, and sequential UV-ozone and ozone-UV exposures was investigated and compared. Synergistic effects of 0.5-0.9 log kill on E. coli inactivation, including increases in the rate and efficiency, were observed after the UV/ozone coexposure at ozone concentrations as low as 0.05 mg-L-1 in ultrapure water. The coexposure with 0.02-mg.L-1 ozone did not enhance the inactivation but repressed E. coli photoreactivation. Little enhancement on E. coli inactivation was found after the sequential UV-ozone or ozone-UV exposures. The synergistic effect on MS2 inactivation was less significant after the UV/ozone coexposure, and more significant after the sequential ozone-UV and UV-ozone exposures, which was 0.2 log kill for the former and 0.8 log kill for the latter two processes, at ozone dose of 0.1 mg. t-1 and UV dose of 8.55 mJ. cm 2 in ultrapure water. The synergistic effects on disinfection were also observed in tap water. These results show that the combination of UV and low-dose ozone is a promising technology for securing microbiological quality of water.     

大金山岛土壤有机质与全氮的空间分布及其相关性

为探究大金山岛土壤有机质和全氮的季度性变化、空间变化特征及其相关性,分4个季节共采集146个土壤样品.结果显示,大金山岛土壤有机质较为丰富,含氮量较高,其全年均值分别高达9.04%、4.52 g·kg-1,与2002年所测数据相比较,有机质含量(9.01%)几乎未变,全氮含量(6.89 g·kg-1)有所降低;变异系数在33.9%～49.7%之间,属于中等变异程度;季度性差异较为明显,夏季低,冬、春两季高;北坡(阴面)>南坡(阳面).大金山岛土壤中有机质和全氮的分布呈现偏正态分布;有机质与全氮之间呈显著的正相关(0.01水平),Pearson系数为0.778.C/N的比值接近25,有机质含量和全氮含量均富足.     

Levels and profiles of Dechlorane Plus in a major E-waste dismantling area in China

Dechlorane Plus (DP) is a high-production volume, chlorinated flame retardant comprising two major isomers, syn- and anti-DP. In this study, levels of DP were measured in soil and earthworm samples in farmland from a typical E-waste dismantling area in China. The concentrations of total DP ranged from 0.17 to 1,990 ng g^?1 dw in soil samples and 3.43 to 89.2 ng g^?1 lw in earthworm samples. Higher DP levels were found in some main E-waste dismantling sites than those in other sites. The ratios of anti-DP to total DP (f _anti) ranged from 0.57 to 0.80 in soil samples and 0.47 to 0.81 in earthworm samples, respectively. The f _anti in most samples in this study was in the range of the reported technical DP values. These results showed that improper E-waste dismantling activities could result in the emission of DP. Most earthworm samples showed very low BSAFs (biota-to-soil accumulation factors) for total DP. The values of BSAF were in the range of 0.0007–1.85, with an average value of 0.23. This study presents the first report of the DP in earthworms, which would be useful for ecological risk assessment of DP in terrestrial ecosystem.