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991.
The long-range transport of oxidized sulfur(sulfur dioxide(SO_2) and sulfate) and oxidized nitrogen(nitrogen oxides(NO_x ) and nitrate) in East Asia is an area of increasing scientific interest and political concern. This paper reviews various published papers, including ground- and satellite-based observations and numerical simulations. The aim is to assess the status of the anthropogenic emissions of SO_2 and NO_x and the long-range transport of oxidized S and N pollutants over source and downwind region. China has dominated the emissions of SO_2 and NO_x in East Asia and urgently needs to strengthen the control of their emissions, especially NO_x emissions. Oxidized S and N pollutants emitted from China are transported to Korea and Japan, due to persistent westerly winds, in winter and spring.However, the total contributions of China to S and N pollutants across Korea and Japan were not found to be dominant over longer time scales(e.g., a year). The source–receptor relationships for oxidized S and N pollutants in East Asia varied widely among the different studies. This is because:(1) the nonlinear effects of atmospheric chemistry and deposition processes were not well considered, when calculating the source–receptor relationships;(2) different meteorological and emission data inputs and solution schemes for key physical and chemical processes were used; and(3) different temporal and spatial scales were employed. Therefore, simulations using the same input fields and similar model configurations would be of benefit, to further evaluate the source–receptor relationships of the oxidized S and N pollutants. 相似文献
992.
Unravelling the effects of complexation of transition metal ions on the hydroxylation of catechol over the whole pH region 下载免费PDF全文
Zexiu An Jianfei Sun Qiong Mei Bo Wei Mingxue Li Ju Xie Maoxia He Qiao Wang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(5):392-402
Catechol pollutants (CATPs) serving as chelating agents could coordinate with many metal ions to form various CATPs-metal complexes. Little information is available on the effects of complexation of metal ions on CATPs degradation. This work presents a systematical study of •OH-mediated degradation of catechol and catechol-metal complexes over the whole pH range in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Results show that the pH-dependent complexation of metal ions (Zn2+, Cu2+, Ti4+ and Fe3+) promotes the deprotonation of catechol under neutral and even acidic conditions. The radical adduct formation (RAF) reactions are both thermodynamically and kinetically favorable for all dissociation and complexation species, and OH/O− group-containing C positions are more vulnerable to •OH attack. The kinetic results show that the complexation of the four metal ions offers a wide pH range of effectiveness for catechol degradation. At pH 7, the apparent rate constant (kapp) values for different systems follow the order of catechol+Ti4+ ≈ catechol+Zn2+ > catechol+Cu2+ > catechol+Fe3+ > catechol. The mechanistic and kinetic results would greatly improve our understanding of the degradation of CATPs-metal and other organics-metal complexes in AOPs. The toxicity assessment indicates that the •OH-based AOPs have the ability for decreasing the toxicity and increasing the biodegradability during the processes of catechol degradation. 相似文献
993.
Liu Chenjing Song Qian Ao Linhuazhi Zhang Nan An Haowen Lin Hai Dong Yingbo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(59):89063-89080
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Rhizosphere soil ecological functioning behavior is of critical importance for regulating phytoremediation efficiency during microbial-assisted... 相似文献
994.
Environment, Development and Sustainability - China has become the world’s most carbon-emitting country, and the coal-fired power industry (CFPI) dominates China’s carbon emissions.... 相似文献
995.
996.
Basit Farwa Liu Jiaxin An Jianyu Chen Min He Can Zhu Xiaobo Li Zhan Hu Jin Guan Yajing 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(7):10183-10197
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Brassinosteroids (BRs) are growth-promoting hormones that exhibit high biological activities across various plant species. BRs shield plants against... 相似文献
997.
近年来我国多地区发生重大的霾污染,细颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度极高,来源复杂。有机气溶胶(OA)是PM2.5的重要组成成分之一,占北半球PM2.5质量浓度的20%—90%。在重霾期间二次有机气溶胶(SOA)对OA的贡献率可达44%—71%。因此,本文利用WRF-Chem模式模拟了2017年10月23—28日京津冀地区(BTH)一次重霾污染事件,评估了亚硝酸(HONO)的非均相反应、低温影响下羟基自由基(OH)的反应速率以及挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)对SOA生成的影响。模式较好地再现了BTH的大气污染物与SOA的时空变化特征。敏感性实验分析表明:在研究期间,非均相HONO源可使区域平均SOA浓度增加30.0%;提高·OH反应的速率可使平均SOA浓度增加16.8%;同时提高排放清单中VOCs的排放量与·OH的反应速率时,SOA平均浓度可增加33.6%。并且随着污染程度的加重,SOA在OA中的占比逐渐增加。因此,除了减少一次颗粒物排放外,减少SOA前体物的排放,也是改善空气质量的重要途径之一。 相似文献