加氢裂化装置火灾危险性分析及安全管理对策研究

加氢裂化装置是石化炼油装置中爆炸和火灾危险性最高的装置,根据加氢裂化的工艺和装置特点,从物料和主要设备两个方面分析了加氢裂化装置的火灾危险特性,探讨了加氢裂化装置发生事故原因,从设置监测装置、防止反应失控和强化灭火预案等方面提出了加氢裂化装置安全管理对策.     

火山泥石流研究回顾

本文简要回顾了火山泥石流的研究历史,介绍了近年来这一领域的相关研究情况.主要内容包括火山泥石流的概念,形成机制及特征研究,火山泥石流的评估,火山泥石流的数学模型及数值模拟等.在论述这一领域相关研究进展的同时,对有关研究内容进行了评述和讨论,并对今后的研究工作提出了一些建议.     

减振降噪功能材料的研制

根据材料性能的要求,选择环氧树脂为粘合剂,低分子聚酰胺为固化剂,石粉,石英砂,玻璃纤维３种物质为填料,根据优化的配方制成一种高分子复合材料,该材料的硬度约为２４０ＨＢ左右,冲击强度约为３０ｋｇ·ｃｍ／ｃｍ＾２,均接近于某些金属材料的指标,易成型,并且成本较低,可以用来代替纺织厂有梭织机的某些受撞击比较严重的金属部件,具有广泛的应用价值。     

长江水体氯化过程中强致突变物前驱物的筛选

ＭＸ「３－氯－４－（二氯甲基）－５－羟基－２（５Ｈ）－呋喃酮」是饮用水液氯消毒中产生的一种具有强致突变性的副产物,利用一系列ＸＡＤ吸附树脂和大孔离子交换树脂将长江水中的溶解态有机物分离为溶解态腐殖酸类,憎水弱酸类,憎水碱类,憎水中性物类,亲水酸类,亲水碱类６种组分,分别对不同组分的有机物进行氯化处理,用ＧＣ／ＭＳ选择离子峰面积法测定产物中的ＭＸ。     

海峡两岸自然保护区比较研究

８０ 年代以来,海峡两岸在自然保护区建设方面都取得了较大成绩,但双方交流甚少,缺乏相互了解。本文重点对海峡两岸的自然保护区建设现状以及管理体制、分类系统、管理状况等进行了比较分析,并就如何进一步加强相互交流和促进中国自然保护区事业的发展提出相应的对策建议。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定饮用水及其水源水中的氯酚

利用固相微萃取(SPME)-气相色谱法(GC)联用技术测定饮用水及其水源水中的氯酚．优化萃取温度、萃取平衡时间、酸度、离子强度等实验条件．所建方法简便、精确,自来水和太湖水中均检测到氯酚。     

江苏海岸湿地水质污染特征与海陆一体化调控

2000年江苏海岸湿地人海河流河口淡水监测断面有30％的水质处于劣Ⅴ类,满足Ⅲ类水质的仅占10％;近岸海域海水监测断面有50％的水质处于Ⅳ标准。人类扰动的频率与强度的日益加大是水质污染的主要原因,而河流携带大量污染物是水质污染的主要途径。江苏海岸湿地水质污染防治的关键在于流域海陆水环境系统的一体化调控,侧重点是调控技术路线和水质污染控制层次的设计。环境管理控制区划的方案是：横向上由陆向海划分为上游流域、近岸陆域、海岸湿地和离岸海域4个环境控制带;纵向上自北向南以水系汇流特征、行政区划特征、海域特点划分为Ⅳ类环境功能区及若干亚区。     

Experimental study on pollutant movement in surf zone

The experiments on pollutant movement in surf zone were conducted on the two gentle beaches(with slope of 1:100 and 1:40, respectively), for diverse wave cases. The movement contours and direction of pollutants, under the action of regular and random waves with diverse wave amplitudes, were provided and studied in this paper. It was shown that, due to complicated hydrodynamics in surf zone, the pollutant movement state is quite complicated and different from that in pure current zone.     

Photocatalytic degradation of dye effluent by titanium dioxide pillar pellets in aqueous solution

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) process is an effective way to deal with organic pollutants in wastewater which could be difficult to be degraded by conventional biological treatment methods. Normally the TiO2 powder in nanometre size range was directly used as photocatalyst for dye degradation in wastewater. However the titanium dioxide powder was arduous to be recovered from the solution after treatment. In this application, a new form of TiO2(i. e. pillar pellets ranging from 2.5 to 5.3 mm long and with a diameter of 3.7 mm) was used and investigated for photocatalytic degradation of textile dye effluent. A test system was built with a flat plate reactor(FPR) and UV light source(blacklight and solar simulator as light source respectively) for investigating the effectiveness of the new form of TiO2. It was found that the photocatalytic process under this configuration could efficiently remove colours from textile dyeing effluent. Comparing with the TiO2 powder, the pellet was very easy to recovered from the treated solution and can be reused in multiple times without the significant change on the photocatalytic property. The results also showed that to achieve the same photocatalytic performance, the FPR area by pellets was about 91% smaller than required by TiO2 powder. At least TiO2 pellet could be used as an alternative form of photocatalyst in applications for textile effluent treatment process, also other wastewater treatment processes.     

Removal and recovery of uranium (VI) from aqueous solutions by residual sludge and its biochars

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The removal and recovery of uranium (VI) from water solutions are critical for energy and environmental security. In this study, hydrochar at 100,...