Saudi Arabia has experienced frequent occurrences of biological disasters due to a wide range of generator factors, including natural disasters and epidemics. A national survey (n=1,164) was conducted across 13 regions of Saudi Arabia to examine public perceptions to the risk of a biological disaster. The primary results reveal: (a) a degree of knowledge about biological threats such as SARS and H5N1 flu, despite the lack of individual experience with disasters; (b) age, gender, education and faith are positively related to the perception of biological risk; and (c) a number of important community resilience factors exist, including faith, education and willingness. This study concludes that the development of adapted resilience strategies in disaster management can be achieved through public education and training involving cooperation with official organisations and religious authorities in the country to increase public awareness, knowledge and skills in mitigating biological threats. 相似文献
Yellow River, is designated as “the cradle of Chinese civilization” and played a key role not only in the country’s economic
development but also in the historic and cultural identity of the Chinese people. With the rapid economic development and
population growth, water demand for industry and households has increased significantly in the Yellow River basin; this has
caused an increasing gap between water supply and demand. Competing water demands triggered conflicts between disparate water
users on different scales such as the rich and the poor, or between different sectors and regions, such as domestic and agriculture,
agriculture and industry, upstream and downstream, rural and urban areas, etc. Ensuring equity in water supply for conflicting
water users is one of the major challenges that facing water managers and in particular water management in the Yellow River
basin. In this paper, a method has been developed to calculate the Gini coefficient of water use as an indicator to measure
the equality in domestic water supply. A dual domestic water use structure model is employed for this purpose. The developed
method is subsequently applied to assess the equality in domestic water supply in the Yellow River. Data of population growth,
domestic water use and economic development over the time period 1999-2006 are used to calculate the Gini coefficient of water
use over the same length of period. The result shows a decreasing trend in Gini coefficient of domestic water use in the Yellow
River basin after 2001 which means domestic water use is becoming more and more equitable in the basin. The study justifies
that the Gini coefficient of water use can be used and recommended as a useful tool for the water management especially in
the context of global change. 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a polymer hybrid family of compounds comprising metal ions that have been deliberately incorporated in... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The current investigation focuses on a systematic study of application of two dried algal biomass (i.e., Nostoc sp. and Turbinaria vulgaris) in... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biochar remediation efficiency could be enhanced through numerous treatments such as acids treatment. Still, there has little work done on... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy consumption for sustainable development has become a crucial issue in recent years. The anthropogenic effects of traditional energy sources... 相似文献
There is a lack of proper research that highlights the impact of institutional quality (IQ) and renewable energy consumption (REC) on the carbon emission (CE). The significance of IQ and REC in the achievement of zero CE is highlighted in this research. The current research reports the effects of these important factors on the consumption-based carbon emissions in the G-7 countries from 1995 to 2018. Based on the outcome of the cointegration test, the long-run connection is recognized between IQ, REC, GDP, exports, imports, and consumption-based CE. The findings also validated that there exist significant decrease and increase in the CE in both the short and long run; for instance, IQ, REC, and exports decrease the CE, while imports and GDP increase the CE. The estimates of causality test showed that policies aimed at improving IQ, REC, GDP, exports, and imports have a significant impact on the CE. Consequently, based on these results, policymakers in the G-7 must prioritize IQ and REC to enhance environmental quality and attain carbon neutrality.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The immune system protects human health from the effects of pathogenic organisms; however, its activity is affected when individuals become infected.... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Slowing and reversing climate change and keeping energy prices at affordable levels are the main important achievements of the use of renewable... 相似文献