微生物异化Fe（Ⅲ）还原在环境污染治理中的应用及其发展前景

微生物异化Fe（Ⅲ）还原是指以Fe（Ⅲ）为末端电子受体在无氧条件下氧化有机物的产能过程,而铁元素是地壳中丰度最高的元素之一,因此,异化Fe（Ⅲ）还原在生物地球化学循环中起着重要的作用。文章围绕异化Fe（Ⅲ）还原机制,综述了国内外有关异化Fe（Ⅲ）还原在有机污染物（尤其是难降解有机污染物）、营养物质（N,P）等环境污染治理中的研究现状及其发展趋势,并对其进行了评述和展望,以期为特定污染物在环境污染治理中的实际应用提供参考依据。     

Behaviour of cement-treated MSWI bottom ash

MSWI bottom ash is the residue of combustion. The use of bottom ash in road construction is wide spread. French legislation forbids the disposal of resuable waste in special landfill from 2002. Moreover, "arrêté du 9 mai 1994" provides environmental criteria (leaching threshold, etc.), and evaluates this material according to utilisation in road construction. In such application, bottom ash is often treated with binder to improve its mechanical features. Nevertheless, bottom ash is subject to chemical problems. These problems induce an expansion which brings about cracking and finally road destruction. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the swelling potential of MSWI bottom ash prior utilisation. This is one of the aims of the European contract "Mashroad" (contract BRST CT97-5150). This study involved 4 years of work on cement-treated MSWI bottom ash. It examined different tests that show the importance of oxidation of aluminium in the swelling reaction and the efficiency of different treatments. Different binders were used in order to have different proportions of clinker. The kinetic aspects of aluminium-binder reaction were also studied. Finally, we present a special cell to measure the swelling pressure of these materials is presented.     

Lake Water Levels and Associated Hydrologic Characteristics in the Conterminous U.S.

Establishing baseline hydrologic characteristics for lakes in the United States (U.S.) is critical to evaluate changes to lake hydrology. We used the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Lakes Assessment 2007 and 2012 surveys to assess hydrologic characteristics of a population of ~45,000 lakes in the conterminous U.S. based on probability samples of ~1,000 lakes/yr distributed across nine ecoregions. Lake hydrologic study variables include water‐level drawdown (i.e., vertical decline and horizontal littoral exposure) and two water stable isotope‐derived parameters: evaporation‐to‐inflow (E:I) and water residence time. We present (1) national and regional distributions of the study variables for both natural and man‐made lakes and (2) differences in these characteristics between 2007 and 2012. In 2007, 59% of the population of U.S. lakes had Greater than normal or Excessive drawdown relative to water levels in ecoregional reference lakes with minimal human disturbances; whereas in 2012, only 20% of lakes were significantly drawn down beyond normal ranges. Water isotope‐derived variables did not differ significantly between survey years in contrast to drawdown. Median E:I was 20% indicating that flow‐through processes dominated lake water regimes. For 75% of U.S. lakes, water residence time was less than one year and was longer in natural vs. man‐made lakes. Our study provides baseline ranges to assess local and regional lake hydrologic status and inform management decisions in changing environmental conditions.     

Heavy metal pollution and risks in a highly polluted and populated Indian river–city pair using the systems approach

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A sectorial approach for assessing heavy metal pollution in rivers neglects the inter-relationship between its environmental compartments and thus...     

Immobilization of Horseradish Peroxidase on Macroporous Glycidyl-Based Copolymers with Different Surface Characteristics for the Removal of Phenol

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Novel macroporous copolymers of glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate with mean pore size diameters ranging from 150 to...     

Predictive modelling and seasonal analysis of water quality indicators: three different basins of Şanlıurfa,Turkey

Environment, Development and Sustainability - The objective of this paper is twofold. First; we demonstrate the application of data mining techniques to predict quality indicators (TDS, Hardness,...     

Comparative investigation of toxicity induced by UV-A and UV-C radiation using Allium test

Organisms are increasingly exposed to ultraviolet (UV) rays of sunlight, due to the thinning of the ozone layer and its widespread use in sterilization processes, especially against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the damages of UV-A and UV-C radiations in Allium cepa L. roots. The effects of two different types of UV on some physiological, biochemical, cytogenotoxic, and anatomical parameters were investigated in a multifaceted study. Three groups were formed from Allium bulbs, one of which was the control group. One of the other groups was exposed to 254 nm (UV-C) and the other to 365 nm (UV-A) UV. Growth retardation effect of UV was investigated with respect to germination percentage, total weight gain, and root elongation, while cytogenotoxicity arisen from UV exposure was analyzed using mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) frequency. Oxidative stress due to UV application was investigated based on the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the total activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. Also, anatomical changes induced by UV-A and UV-C were analyzed in root meristematic cells. UV treatments caused significant reductions in growth-related parameters. Both UV treatments caused a significant increase in MDA levels and induction of SOD and CAT enzymes in root meristematic cells. A decrease in MI and an increase in the frequency of MN and CAs were observed in root tip cells, indicating the cytogenotoxic effect of UV application. Anatomical damages such as epidermis cell damage, cortex cell damage, necrotic zones, giant cell nucleus, and indistinct transmission tissue occurred in cells exposed to UV. All of the physiological, biochemical, cytogenetic, and anatomical damages observed in this study were more severe in cells treated with UV-C compared to UV-A. This study suggested that UV exposure triggered growth inhibition, cytogenotoxicity, oxidative stress, and meristematic cell damages in A. cepa roots depending on the wavelength.

     

Biogas production from malt bagasse from craft beer industry: kinetic modeling and process simulation

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - In this work, biogas was synthesized from malt enriched-craft beer bagasse with the objective to generate clean energy. Thus, a kinetic model based...     

Determinants of dairy farmers’ likelihood of climate change adaptation in the Thrace Region of Turkey

Environment, Development and Sustainability - The adverse effects of climate change on agricultural production systems threaten food security. In terms of dairy farming, it affects milk yield,...