全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3691篇 |
免费 | 28篇 |
国内免费 | 17篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 83篇 |
废物处理 | 233篇 |
环保管理 | 284篇 |
综合类 | 447篇 |
基础理论 | 797篇 |
环境理论 | 3篇 |
污染及防治 | 1255篇 |
评价与监测 | 358篇 |
社会与环境 | 266篇 |
灾害及防治 | 10篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 34篇 |
2022年 | 102篇 |
2021年 | 91篇 |
2020年 | 46篇 |
2019年 | 68篇 |
2018年 | 123篇 |
2017年 | 114篇 |
2016年 | 174篇 |
2015年 | 110篇 |
2014年 | 184篇 |
2013年 | 346篇 |
2012年 | 212篇 |
2011年 | 282篇 |
2010年 | 173篇 |
2009年 | 159篇 |
2008年 | 213篇 |
2007年 | 220篇 |
2006年 | 161篇 |
2005年 | 150篇 |
2004年 | 107篇 |
2003年 | 91篇 |
2002年 | 93篇 |
2001年 | 81篇 |
2000年 | 52篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 21篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 5篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
1965年 | 4篇 |
1964年 | 11篇 |
1963年 | 9篇 |
1962年 | 11篇 |
1960年 | 8篇 |
1958年 | 13篇 |
1957年 | 5篇 |
1956年 | 5篇 |
1943年 | 3篇 |
1940年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3736条查询结果,搜索用时 452 毫秒
171.
Jaana Bäck Hermanni Aaltonen Heidi Hellén Maija K. Kajos Johanna Patokoski Risto Taipale Jukka Pumpanen Jussi Heinonsalo 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(30):3651-3659
Soils emit a large variety of volatile organic compounds. In natural ecosystems, measurements of microbial volatile organic compound (MVOC) exchange rates between soil and atmosphere are difficult due to e.g. the spatial heterogeneity of the belowground organisms, and due to the many potential sources for the same compounds. We measured in laboratory conditions the MVOC emission rates and spectra of eight typical fungi occurring in boreal forest soils. The studied species are decomposers (Gymnopilus penetrans, Ophiostoma abietinum), ectomycorrhizal (Cenococcum geophilum, Piloderma olivaceum, Suillus variegatus, Tomentellopsis submollis) and endophytic fungi (Meliniomyces variabilis, Phialocephala fortinii). The MVOC emissions contained altogether 21 known and 6 unidentified compounds whose emission rates were >0.1 μg g(DW)?1 h?1. The most abundant compounds were the short-chain carbonyl compounds (acetone and acetaldehyde). The greatest carbonyl emissions were measured from P. olivaceum (1.9 mg acetone g(DW)?1 h?1) and P. fortinii (0.114 mg acetaldehyde g(DW)?1 h?1). Terpenoid emissions (isoprene, mono- and sesquiterpenes) were detected from some fungal cultures, but in relatively small amounts. We conclude that soil micro-organisms can potentially be responsible for significant emissions of volatiles, especially short-chain oxygenated compounds, to the below-canopy atmosphere. 相似文献
172.
In Finland the deposition of strontium-89 (90Sr) and strontium-90 (90Sr) has been monitored since the early 1960s. The measured cumulative 90Sr deposition in 1963-2005 is on average 1200 Bq m−2, of which 150 Bq m−2 originates from the Chernobyl accident. Adding to this the deposition in 1945-1962 produces a value of 2040 Bq m−2 for the cumulative deposition in Finland. The nuclear explosion-derived deposition up to 1985 obtained in this study, 1850 Bq m−2, is in good agreement with the zonal 90Sr deposition of 1740 Bq m−2 in the 60°N-70°N latitude band estimated by UNSCEAR. The regional deposition patterns of 89Sr and 90Sr following the Chernobyl accident resemble those of the refractory nuclides such as 239,240Pu and 95Zr. The total deposition of Chernobyl-derived 90Sr in Finland was about 5.3 × 1013 Bq. This activity corresponds to 0.027% of the reactor core inventory and 0.66% of the atmospheric emissions from the accident. The corresponding figures for 89Sr are 4.5 × 1014 Bq, 0.023% and 0.56%, respectively. 相似文献
173.
We record the distribution of 137Cs, K, Rb and Cs within individual Sphagnum plants (down to 20 cm depth) as well as 137Cs in vascular plants growing on a peatland in eastern central Sweden. In Calluna vulgaris137Cs was mainly located within the green parts, whereas Andromeda polifolia, Eriophorum vaginatum and Vaccinium oxycoccos showed higher 137Cs activity in roots. Carex rostrata and Menyanthes trifoliata showed variable distribution of 137Cs within the plants. The patterns of 137Cs activity concentration distribution as well as K, Rb and Cs concentrations within individual Sphagnum plants were rather similar and were usually highest in the capitula and/or in the subapical segments and lowest in the lower dead segments, which suggests continuous relocation of those elements to the actively growing apical part. The 137Cs and K showed relatively weak correlations, especially in capitula and living green segments (0-10 cm) of the plant (r = 0.50). The strongest correlations were revealed between 137Cs and Rb (r = 0.89), and between 137Cs and stable Cs (r = 0.84). This suggests similarities between 137Cs and Rb in uptake and relocation within the Sphagnum, but that 137Cs differs from K. 相似文献
174.
Pérez-Parada A González J Pareja L Geis-Asteggiante L Colazzo M Niell S Besil N González G Cesio V Heinzen H 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2010,45(8):796-803
In order to evaluate the extraction of pesticide residues that are transferred to the brew during mate drinking process of P.U.1 yerba mate leaves (Ilex paraguariensis), a special device to simulate the way in which mate is drunk in Uruguay was developed. The transfer to the brew of 12 organophosphates, 5 synthethic pyrethroids and one organochlorine pesticide from spiked samples was studied. The relationship between the transfer data thus obtained and physicochemical properties like water solubility (Ws), octanol-water coefficient (Kow) and Henry's constant (H) was evaluated. The extractability of the pesticide residues from yerba mate can be correlated with log Ws and log Kow. These transfer values allowed the calculation of ARLs (acceptable residue level) for the pesticides following Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organizaion (WHO) guidelines. These results can help the future establishment of maximum residue levels (MRLs). 相似文献
175.
Maite Garcia-Valles Meritxell Aulinas Joan B. López-Melción Andreu Moya-Garra 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(7):1287-1299
Background, aim and scope
Weathering patinas in rocks are the result of interaction processes between rock surfaces and atmosphere, biosphere and soil. Therefore, their textural and mineral composition is strongly related to environmental and bioactivity conditions. Whereas the development of weathering patinas in atmospheric conditions is well documented (e.g. typical Mediterranean patina), only very few studies focus on their formation in a burial environment. Our study of patinas developed on the tumular structure of Reguers de Seró deals with the knowledge of burial patinas from a textural and mineralogical point of view. The aims of this study include: (1) the characterisation of the rock used in this megalithic monument as well as inferences regarding the origin of the raw material; (2) the evaluation of the patinas developed on the surface of the carved steles; and (3) the discussion of the environmental conditions (atmospheric or burial) that favoured the development of the patinas. 相似文献176.
Bernardo Hernández Ana M. Martín Cristina Ruiz M del Carmen Hidalgo 《Journal of environmental psychology》2010
Place identity and place attachment have been related to several environmental variables such as appropriation, residential satisfaction, physical care taken of the neighbourhood, restorativeness, environmental attitudes and, especially, pro-environmental behaviour. However, the role of place identity and place attachment has not been analyzed in relation to anti-ecological behaviours such as transgressions of environmental protection laws. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship of place identity, place attachment and environmental attitudes to the personal and social norms that explain the likelihood of illegal behaviours against the environment. The sample was composed of men and women, aged from 19 to 70 years, who were resident in rural, urban or tourist areas of a territory under high environmental protection. The strongest predictor of environmental transgression is personal norms, whereas place identity and place attachment have no direct relation with future transgression or personal norms. Place identity influences environmental attitudes and social norms, which are both antecedents of personal norms. The results led us to reconsider the efficacy of interventions aimed at encouraging compliance with environmental laws by only emphasizing individuals' bonds with the environment, and the need to extend the study of the role of personal and social norms in environmental protection. 相似文献
177.
É. Joó H. Van Langenhove M. Šimpraga K. Steppe C. Amelynck N. Schoon J.-F. Müller J. Dewulf 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(2):227-234
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been the focus of interest to understand atmospheric processes and their consequences in formation of ozone or aerosol particles; therefore, VOCs contribute to climate change. In this study, biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) emitted from Fagus sylvatica L. trees were measured in a dynamic enclosure system. In total 18 compounds were identified: 11 monoterpenes (MT), an oxygenated MT, a homoterpene (C14H18), 3 sesquiterpenes (SQT), isoprene and methyl salicylate. The frequency distribution of the compounds was tested to determine a relation with the presence of the aphid Phyllaphis fagi L. It was found that linalool, (E)-β-ocimene, α-farnesene and a homoterpene identified as (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT), were present in significantly more samples when infection was present on the trees. The observed emission spectrum from F. sylvatica L. shifted from MT to linalool, α-farnesene, (E)-β-ocimene and DMNT due to the aphid infection. Sabinene was quantitatively the most prevalent compound in both, non-infected and infected samples. In the presence of aphids α-farnesene and linalool became the second and third most important BVOC emitted. According to our investigation, the emission fingerprint is expected to be more complex than commonly presumed. 相似文献
178.
Ariela D'Angiola Laura E. Dawidowski Darío R. Gómez Mauricio Osses 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(4):483-493
A new annual bottom–up emission inventory of criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases from on-road mobile sources was developed for 2006 for the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina, within a four-year regional project aimed at providing tools for chemical weather forecast in South America. Under the scarcity of local emission factors, we collected data from measuring campaigns performed in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Colombia and compiled a data set of regional emission factors representative of Latin American fleets and driving conditions. The estimated emissions were validated with respect to downscaled national estimates and the EDGAR global emission database. Our results highlight the role of older technologies accounting in average for almost 80% of the emissions of all species. The area exhibits higher specific emissions than developed countries, with figures two times higher for criteria pollutants. We analyzed the effect on emissions of replacing gasoline by compressed natural gas, occurring in Argentina since 1995. We identified (i) a relationship between number of vehicles and a compound socioeconomic indicator, and (ii) time-lags in vehicle technologies between developed and developing countries, which can be respectively applied for spatial disaggregation and the development of projections for other Latin American cities. The results may also be employed to complement global emission inventories and by local policy makers as an environmental management tool. 相似文献
179.
María Luz Martín-Peña José María Sánchez-López 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2010,53(3):297-315
Drawing on Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour, this paper analyses whether there is a relation between management's behavioural intentions toward an environmental problem and the company's specific actions in this area, and also considers the impact of the company size on these actions. For the data, a questionnaire was sent to 184 managers employed in industrial companies located in Spain which belonged to the automobile industry. The empirical analysis produces positive and significant regression coefficients and provides support for the hypotheses proposed. Specifically, the results show that the environmental actions carried out in the company respond at least in part to management's behavioural intentions toward these issues and the size of the firm. 相似文献
180.
Occurrence,elimination, and risk of anticoagulant rodenticides and drugs during wastewater treatment
Cristian Gómez-Canela Carlos Barata Silvia Lacorte 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(11):7194-7203
Anticoagulants are biocides widely used as pest control agents in agriculture, urban infrastructures, and domestic applications for the control of rodents. Other anticoagulants such as warfarin and acenocoumarol are also used as drugs against thrombosis. After use, anticoagulants are discharged to sewage grids and enter wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Our hypothesis is that WWTP effluents can be a source of anticoagulants to receiving waters and that these can affect aquatic organisms and other nontarget species. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the occurrence of 11 anticoagulants in WWTPs receiving urban and agricultural wastewaters. Warfarin was the most ubiquitous compound detected in influent waters and was partially eliminated during the activated sludge treatment, and low nanograms per liter concentration were found in the effluents. Other detected compounds were coumatetralyl, ferulenol, acenocoumarol, flocoumafen, brodifacoum, bromadiolone, and difenacoum at concentrations of 0.86–87.0 ng L?1. Considering water volumes of each WWTP, daily emissions were estimated to be 0.02 to 21.8 g day?1, and thus, WWTPs contribute to the loads of anticoagulants to receiving waters. However, low aquatic toxicity was observed using Daphnia magna as a model aquatic organism. 相似文献