Qualitative evaluation of the mineralogical and chemical composition of dry deposition in the central and southern highlands of Jordan

The chemical and mineralogical composition of dry deposition in the western highlands of central and south Jordan at the end of the summer season 2000, reflect the composition of soils in addition to anthropogenic activities at these areas. Calcite predominated in the central region whereas calcite and quartz are the dominant minerals in south Jordan. The concentrations of Hg, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb and Zn were higher in central Jordan, which might be attributed to higher anthropogenic activities than south. On the other hand, Fe, Mn, Ti, Ba, Sr, Y and Rb were higher in the south of Jordan reflecting the composition of soil at these sites. At Aqaba city, the only port of Jordan, where Cr, Cd, As and S were higher than other areas. This variation might be attributed to the contribution of phosphate dust in the atmosphere through handling processes.     

博斯腾湖流域浅层地下水重金属分布特征

从新疆博斯腾湖流域采集67个浅层地下水样品,测定其中Cu、Cd、Cr、Mn、Ni和Zn 6种重金属元素的含量,采用Nemerow综合污染指数对地下水中重金属污染程度进行评价,借助GIS技术与地统计法分析地下水中重金属含量与污染水平空间分布格局。结果表明:①博斯腾湖流域地下水6种重金属元素平均含量均未超出《国家地下水质量标准》(GB/T14848—2017)中Ⅲ类标准的限值;②研究区地下水重金属Cd、Cu、Ni与Zn的最佳变异函数理论模型为指数模型,Mn为球状模型,Cr为高斯模型。地下水中6种重金属元素空间分布格局各不相同,均出现含量高值区;③研究区地下水中Cd呈现中度污染,Ni存在点源污染,其它4种元素均呈现无污染。地下水中重金属元素综合污染指数介于0. 23～2. 22之间,平均值为0. 73,呈现轻微污染。Cd与Ni是研究区地下水中污染最高的元素,研究区地下水Cd与Ni污染值得关注。     

新疆焉耆盆地农田土壤重金属环境容量分析

为进一步了解土壤环境容量状况,从焉耆盆地采集191个农田土壤样品,测定其中As、Ni、Cr、Cu、Pb、Cd和Zn 7种重金属元素的含量,基于GIS技术,采用综合容量指数法分析农田土壤重金属环境容量特征与空间分布规律。结果表明:1）焉耆盆地农田土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb与Zn含量平均值均未超出GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准（试行）》中的土壤风险筛选值;2）农田土壤各重金属元素单项环境容量指数平均值由大到小依次为:As、Cr、Ni、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn。As的环境容量指数处于高容量状态,Ni、Cr、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn等元素环境容量指数均处于中容量状态;3）研究区7种重金属元素环境容量空间分布情况不同,研究区各容量区土壤面积顺序为:中容量区 > 高容量区 > 低容量区 > 超载区 > 警戒区。该结果可为研究区农田土壤环境保护和管理提供依据。     

焉耆盆地不同耕地土壤中微量元素污染风险对比研究

从新疆焉耆盆地不同耕地类型（辣椒地、小麦地、玉米地、番茄地、向日葵地、甜菜地）采集186个土壤样品,测定其中8种元素（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn）的含量,利用污染负荷指数法（PLI）和潜在生态风险指数法（RI）,对不同耕地中微量元素的污染和潜在生态风险进行评估。结果表明：（1） 焉耆盆地不同耕地中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb与Zn含量平均值均未超出国家土壤环境质量二级标准;（2） 不同耕地中8种元素单项污染指数反映的环境风险各不相同,各耕地类型土壤PLI的平均值均呈现轻度污染;（3）不同耕地类型土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的单项生态风险指数与各耕地类型RI值均属轻微风险水平。从空间分布可以看出,研究区所有农田类型的土壤RI在空间分布上均呈现轻微生态风险态势。辣椒地与小麦地中潜在生态风险指数较大的区域位于博湖县南部的农田,玉米地、番茄地、向日葵地和甜菜地中潜在生态风险指数较大区域主要分布于和硕县东部的农田。     

Trichoderma harzianum: a green sorbent for Pb(II) uptake from aqueous solutions

This investigation describes the use of specially cultivated, nonliving biomass of Trichoderma harzianum as a biosorbent for the batch removal of Pb(II) from a stirred system under different experimental conditions. The metal removal depended upon pH, sorbent particle size, initial Pb(II) concentration, shaking speed, and sorption time. The optimal experimental conditions for the removal of Pb(II) by T. harzianum with an initial metal concentration of 100 mg L^?1 were obtained at a particle size of 53 μm, a pH of 4.5, a shaking speed of 200 rpm, and a contact time of 720 min. The results were analyzed in terms of adsorption isotherms and kinetic models. The Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo second-order model fitted well in the data. T. harzianum proved to be a good biomaterial for accumulating Pb(II) from aqueous solutions (q = 460 mg g^?1).     

浅谈生态墙在乌鲁木齐生态城市建设中的作用

根据乌鲁木齐市的经济社会和城市规划建设现状,研究与构建乌鲁木齐城市生态框架,整治城市环境污染,提高环境质量,健全气流通道,协调水利,并通过绿色通道及“绿楔”、“绿脉”形成通畅的气流,恢复城市外部范围生物的正常输入和市中心区生物基因的自然调节使城市动植物群落之间相适宜,把乌鲁木齐市建成空气清新、景观秀丽、环境宜人的生态城市。     

Risk posed by chlorinated organic compounds in Abu Qir Bay,East Alexandria,Egypt

Introduction  

In Egypt, the picture of threats to humans and the environment from the exposure to organic pollutants is still incomplete. Thus the objectives of this study were to assess the occurrence and distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and chlorpyrifos in sediments and mussels of Abu Qir Bay and their risks for environment and human health.     

Metal pollution records in core sediments of some Red Sea coastal areas, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

In the last three decades, the industrial and human activities in the coastal area of Saudi Arabia have increased dramatically and resulted in the continuous invasion of different types of pollutants including heavy metals. Seven sediment cores were collected from three major industrialized areas; Jeddah, Rabigh and Yanbu, along the coast of Saudi Arabia to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of metals and to assess the magnitude of pollution and their potential biological effects. Sediments were analyzed for texture, calcium carbonate contents, organic matter and metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn). Some metals like, Cr, Mn, Ni and Zn, were enriched in the upper 15 cm of core samples (recent deposition of sediments). Cadmium concentrations showed high fluctuations with depth and reverse pattern to that for Al, Fe and Mn which indicated land based sources of this element to the studied areas. Elevated concentrations of lead were recorded in the bottom layers of cores in Jeddah that indicated the most dramatic increase in usage of gasoline in early 1970s. The calculated contamination factors (CF's) were found in the following sequences: Cd > Pb > Ni > Cu > Zn > Cr > Mn for all studied areas. Results of Pollution Load Index (PLI) revealed that Jeddah is the most polluted area, followed by Rabigh while Yanbu is the least contaminated area. Except for Ni, the concentrations of most metals in the majority of sediment samples were believed to be safe for living organisms. As no data were available on the concentration of metals in core sediments in the coastal area of Saudi Arabia, the results of this study would serve as a baseline against which future anthropogenic effects can be assessed.     

The nexus of tourism,renewable energy,income, and environmental quality: an empirical analysis of Pakistan

Environment, Development and Sustainability - In the current study, we investigate the dynamic association of tourism, renewable energy, income, foreign direct investment (FDI), and carbon dioxide...