Drivers and barriers to engage enterprises in environmental management initiatives in Suzhou Industrial Park, China

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in sustainable development not only for their significant contribution to China’s economy, but also for their large share of total discharged pollutants. Therefore, this research takes the enterprises in Suzhou Industrial Park, China as the case study to investigate the environmental management practices of SMEs, and identify drivers and barriers to engaging businesses in environmental management initiatives. It is shown that, as in other countries, SMEs are less active in adopting environmental management initiatives than larger companies. Legislation remains the key driver to engage SMEs in environmental management initiatives. Based on the analysis, policy recommendations are also presented.     

Eco-industrial parks: national pilot practices in China

China has rapidly developed a number of Eco-industrial parks (EIPs) in recent years. In order to promote and regulate their development, two government agencies, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the National Development and Reform Commission are currently engaged in promoting national pilot EIP programs. Both agencies have developed their own management systems, and 60 industrial parks have been approved for construction of national pilot EIPs, among which six parks appear in both lists of the two agencies. This article introduces the practice of the national pilot EIPs. It first describes the management systems and achievements within the two programs, and then summarizes the problems encountered thus far in program implementation. Finally it proposes brief suggestions for future development of EIPs.     

宜昌市水环境质量红线划分与空间管控研究

在宜昌市水环境质量红线划分中,对饮用水源保护区划分、水环境功能区划分和流域控制单元划分给予评估,分析在城市水环境质量红线划分上的可取之处,在自然社会综合系统框架下创造性的提出了适应宜昌城市环境总体规划中水环境质量红线划分的原则、技术方法和分级管控措施,提出的原则与适宜的管控措施为宜昌市水环境质量改善、环境公共服务实现与生态城市建设提供了支持,丰富并实践了生态保护红线体系.     

国内外灾害数据信息共享现状研究

以互联网灾害数据库节点资料为基础,系统调研国内外已建成的40多个灾害数据库,从灾害数据库名称、数据尺度、灾害类型、维护机构、时间跨度、检索条件、数据来源、查询结果、收录标准等方面加以分类、对比,研究灾害数据信息共享建设现状.研究表明:国外尤其是发达国家灾害数据信息共享程度较高,灾害数据库建设较为规范;国内灾害数据信息共享在数据来源可靠性控制、收录数据标准界定、数据管理范式研究等方面有待改善.未来我国灾害数据共享建设应在对数据管理的体制、机制和法制等全面部署基础上,充分利用地理数据互操作技术、计算机网格技术、基于互联网的分布式地理信息、数据共享模式及基于Web Service的数据共享模式等新技术,以提高我国防灾减灾技术水平.     

Experimental study of the bio-oil production from sewage sludge by supercritical conversion process

Environment-friendly treatment of sewage sludge has become tremendously important. Conversion of sewage sludge into energy products by environment-friendly conversion process, with its energy recovery and environmental benefits, is being paid significant attention. Direct liquefaction of sewage sludge into bio-oils with supercritical water (SCW) was therefore put forward in this study, as de-water usually requiring intensive energy input is not necessary in this direct liquefaction. Supercritical water may act as a strong solvent and also a reactant, as well as catalyst promoting reaction process. Experiments were carried out in a self designed high-pressure reaction system with varying operating conditions. Through orthogonal experiments, it was found that temperature and residence time dominated on bio-oil yield compared with other operating parameters. Temperature from 350 to 500 °C and reaction residence time of 0, 30, 60 min were accordingly investigated in details, respectively. Under supercritical conversion, the maximum bio-oil yield could achieve 39.73%, which was performed at 375 °C and 0 min reaction residence time. Meanwhile, function of supercritical water was concluded. Fuel property analysis showed the potential of bio-oil application as crude fuel.     

我国堰塞湖致因分析及灾害链构建研究

为揭示我国堰塞湖形成机理,基于堰塞湖实际案例,依据灾害链式演变规律,构建我国堰塞湖灾害链模型;以灾害链模型中各因素为节点,各因素间作用关系为边,构建我国堰塞湖灾害链演化网络模型,利用Gephi软件实现灾害链演化网络可视化和拓扑参数计算,最终确定堰塞湖防治关键因素.结果表明:持续降雨作用于山地地貌,导致山体滑坡,该类堰塞...     

Effects of phosphorus-containing material application on soil cadmium bioavailability: a meta-analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Diverse phosphorus-containing materials (PCMs) were widely applied in remediation of cadmium-contaminated soils, and their effects on the change of...     

上海城市河流温室气体排放特征及其影响因素

为研究城区和郊区河流3种温室气体(N₂O、CH₄和CO₂)排放通量的差异,分别于春季(2013年4月)、夏季(2013年7月)、秋季(2013年10月)和冬季(2014年1月),利用浮箱法和扩散模型法对上海市城区河流(苏州河)和郊区河流(淀浦河)的温室气体排放通量进行了观测;并探讨了人类活动干扰下环境因子对温室气体排放的影响. 结果表明:研究区内2条河流是温室气体的排放源,城区河流N₂O和CH₄的扩散排放通量和浮箱排放通量年均值均比郊区河流大1~2个量级, CO₂两种排放通量在城郊区2条河流的年均值相当. 苏州河N₂O、CO₂和CH₄扩散排放通量年均值分别为15.88、6 748.27和84.98 μmol/(m2·h);淀浦河分别为0.61、2 978.98和9.61 μmol/(m2·h). 苏州河N₂O、CO₂和CH₄浮箱排放通量年均值为15.77、4 041.61和6 721.08 μmol/(m2·h);淀浦河为0.60、1 214.77和59.58 μmol/(m2·h). 城市河流呈现出高氮负荷及缺氧的特征,是影响中心城区河流N₂O、CO₂和CH₄扩散排放通量偏高的重要因素. CH₄浮箱排放通量和扩散排放通量的差异显示,城市河流中的富碳氮缺氧环境条件有利于随机气泡排放的发生,增强了温室气体的排放.      

巢湖湖滨带植被特征及其退化原因分析研究

于2009年和2010年对巢湖湖滨带植被进行了详细踏查,结果表明:(1)植被群落结构单一,多样性较差,大都集中分布于浅水、河口、滩地,受水质和水位影响显著;(2)挺水植物有5科6属6种,以芦苇(Phrag-mites australis)为优势种;(3)浮叶植物3科3属3种;以野菱(Trapa incisa)和荇菜(Nymphoides peltatum)为优势种;(4)漂浮植物2科2属2种;主要是凤眼莲(Eichhornia crassipes)和浮萍(Lemna minor);(5)沉水植物4科5属8种;以马来眼子菜(Potamogeton malaianus)为优势种;(6)湿生和陆生植物27科76属101种;以禾本科为主,菊科、蓼科植物次之。调查结果与历史资料(1954年-2007年)对比,得出巢湖流域土地利用格局、江湖建闸等水利工程、围湖造田与堤坝建设等人为活动以及富营养化与蓝藻水华等综合因素严重破坏了巢湖湖滨带健康的生态系统,加剧了湖滨带植被的衰退。本研究可为巢湖湖滨带植被的恢复提供理论指导。