脉冲电晕放电治理有机废气的研究--放电反应器结构

对脉冲电晕法治理甲苯有机废气进行了实验,考察了放电反应器结构及参数对其性能的影响.结果表明,对线-筒式反应器,当直径较小时,去除率较高,但易发生火花放电,实验条件下直径20mm的反应器效果较好.若采用陶瓷管反应器,其效果较金属管明显提高,脉冲峰值电压Vp为42kV时,可使甲苯的去除率由40%提高到61%左右.对线-板式反应器,放电间隙越大,甲苯的去除率越低,使用陶瓷板反应器可使甲苯去除率明显提高.     

底泥中酸性挥发硫及同步浸提金属的测定

同步浸提金属与酸性挥发硫的比值在判断底泥重金属生物毒性方面有重要意义．描述了一套测定底泥酸性挥发硫和同步浸提金属的仪器装置和分析程序．从气体流速、反应时间、酸浓度、硫含量等方面研究了酸性挥发硫测定的最适反应条件．在此条件下酸性挥发硫的测定回收率可达９０％以上．该方法的最低检出限为００２μｍｏｌ／ｇ（干泥）．     

常温硝化对炼厂浮选渣脱水性能的影响

在分析浮选渣理化性能的基础上，对新鲜浮选渣及常温硝化后的浮选渣分别进行了脱水试验研究。结果表明，浮选渣经硝化后，其脱水性能明显改善。     

Effect of sorbed and desorbed Zn(Ⅱ) on the growth of a green alga (Chlorella pyrenoidosa)

Toxic effect of Zn(Ⅱ)on a green alga(ChloreUa pyrenoidosa)in the presence of sepiolite and kaolinite was investigated.The Zn-free clays were found to have a negative impact on the growth of C.pyrenoidosa in comparison with control samples(without adding any clay or Zn(Ⅱ)).When Zn(Ⅱ)was added,the algae in the presence of clays could be better survived than the control samples,which was actually caused by a decrease in Zn(Ⅱ)concentration in the solution owing to the adsorption of Zn(Ⅱ)on the clays.When the solution system was diluted,the growth of algae could be further inhibited as compared to that in a system which had the same initial Zn(Ⅱ)concentration as in the diluted system.This in fact resulted from desorption of Zn(Ⅱ)from the zinc-contaminated clays,although the effect varied according to the different desorption capabilities of sepiolite and kaolinite.Therefore the adsorption and desorption processes of Zn(Ⅱ)played an important part in its toxicity,and adsorption and desorption of pollutants on soils/sediments should be well considered in natural eco-environmental systems before their risk of toxicity to aquatic organisms was assessed objectively.     

企业污染治理设施运行存在的问题和政府管理对策

由浙江省嘉兴市环境保护主管部门的环境处罚案件表明,排污企业污染治理设施运行存在的问题是导致超标排污的主要原因.在通过对该市大量排污企业污染治理设施运行管理情况调查分析的基础上,总结出目前企业内部污染治理设施运行管理中存在的主要问题有:企业对环保工作主观重视程度不够、污染治理设施建设滞后引起超负荷运行、疏于维护管理导致不能发挥正常治污效果、操作管理人员专业文化素质偏低引起操作不当以及处理设施被擅自改变、拆除或者闲置;同时对这些问题的产生原因进行了分析.并从宣传教育、加强企业环境管理、严格执法和推行政策等方面提出了相应的管理对策.     

企业绿色供应链管理与生态工业园区建设

生态工业园区是一种以追求更高物质利用率和能量转化效率,更少废物排放甚零排放为目标的企业地域分布形式,环境保护意义和生态绿色概念的工业园区.为了能够获得最大的生态效益,在企业中应当采用绿色供应链管理的管理模式,提高企业的经济效益和环境效益,为园区的可持续发展奠定良好的基础.     

一种新型脱色剂的合成和应用

以壳聚糖、双氰胺为主要原料合成了一种新型、高效的脱色剂处理染料废水,该脱色剂对四种典型的染料的脱色率都接近90%。实验表明:当合成温度控制在50℃左右,壳聚糖结构单元:双氰胺物质量比为1∶2,反应pH为2,反应时间为3 h时,合成的脱色剂对染料废水的脱色效果为最佳。实验同时比较了壳聚糖的盐酸溶液与脱色剂加入到染料废水后的紫外光谱变化,发现脱色剂对染料废水的脱色率要远远高于壳聚糖的盐酸溶液。实验研究了合成的脱色剂对上虞污水厂废水的处理效果,发现其COD去除率比该厂使用的PAC提高20%以上。     

生物陶粒流化床-污泥滤层脱氮工艺的试验研究

采用生物陶粒流化床-污泥滤层工艺对含氮有机废水处理进行试验研究,研究结果表明:系统内可固着生长不受抑制的硝化菌种群,氨氮去除率可以达到93%￣95%;三相分离区形成稳定的污泥滤层,可使总氮去除率得以显著提高;当HRT为1.5h,曝气量为0.25m3/h,BOD容积负荷为9.2～10.4BOD5/m3.d,总氮容积负荷0.65kgTN/m3.d条件下,可得到BOD5的去除率85%,总氮去除率74%的处理效果。     

加快龙岩生态城市建设步伐

论述了建设生态城市的意义，提出了加快建设生态城市应做到五个结合。     

Present status and changes of the phytoplankton community after invasion of Neosalanx taihuensis since 1982 in a deep oligotrophic plateau lake, Lake Fuxian in the subtropical China

Phytoplankton assemblages in the subtrophical oligotrophic Lake Fuxian, the second deepest lake in China, were investigated monthly from September 2002 to August 2003. A total of 113 species belonging to seven phyla were identified, among them, a filamentous green alga, Mougeotia sp., dominated almost throughout the study period and comprised most of the total phytoplankton biomass.Mougeotia sp. has made a substantial development during the past decades: it was absent in 1957, only occasionally present in 1983,increased substantially in 1993, and became predominant in 2002--2003. It is likely that natural invasion of the Taihu Lake noodlefish (Neosalanx taihuensis) has led to a change of dominant herbivorous zooplankton from small to large calanoid, which has increased grazing pressure on small edible algae, and thus has indirectly favored the development of the inedible filamentous Mougeotia sp.