树脂纽扣生产过程中的污染源及防治措施简析

纽扣行业是嘉善县传统特色产业,纽扣企业规模较小,数量众多,生产工艺传统且自动化程度低,往往对区域生态环境造成较大影响。通过对嘉善县树脂纽扣生产企业的调查,本文分析了纽扣生产过程中的污染物产生情况,应重点关注苯乙烯废气排放控制,并总结了企业各污染物应采用的防治措施,为纽扣行业环境整治提升工作提供参考。     

华东某铀矿区地表水中放射性核素铀含量特征分析

以华东某铀矿区为研究对象,利用X-Series II电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定铀矿区和对照区共114个地表水样品中放射性核素铀含量,采用单因子指数法评价放射性铀污染,以查明铀矿区地表水铀污染现状。结果表明:(1)研究区地表水铀平均含量39.89μg/L,分别是含矿未采区、江西省背景值、对照区的32.17倍、64.34倍和199.45倍;各亚区地表水的铀含量平均值从大到小顺序为:水冶场区开采矿井区废弃矿井区尾矿库区;废弃矿井区、水冶场区、开采矿井区等亚区地表水铀含量受到较强人为活动影响;(2)单因子污染指数评价结果表明各亚区地表水铀污染程度为:水冶场区开采矿井区废弃矿井区尾矿库区。其中,水冶场区、开采矿井区、废弃矿井区、尾矿库区地表水的铀污染程度均为重度污染;对照区未污染。结合研究区铀含量特征,铀矿开采、运输与选冶等实际情况,建议从改善矿石运输条件、改善废水处理设备,提高废水处理技术等方面进行地表水铀污染防治。     

宁波杭州湾新区河网水动力及水质数值模拟研究

针对杭州湾新区水环境污染较重的现状,采用MIKE11软件构建新区河网的一维水动力——水质耦合模型,在此基础上研究分析了现状及远期规划排污条件下河网水质分布.结果表明:河道内水体流动较弱,不利于污染物迁移扩散,污水处理厂排出的处理水对排污口周围的河道的水质影响范围和程度均较大,叠加本底浓度后许多区域超过了Ⅴ类水质标准.最后提出了针对性措施以改善新区河网水质.     

江苏省太湖流域农村生活污水处理现状及对策研究

基于对江苏省太湖流域农村生活污水处理设施的全面调研,统计分析了江苏省太湖流域农村生活污水处理设施现状,包括建设数量、建设规模、处理工艺、运维模式、经费来源等,探讨了江苏省太湖流域农村生活污水处理设施存在的问题并提出建议。结果表明：目前江苏省太湖流域农村生活污水处理设施以中小规模(<100 t/d)为主,主要采用生物生态耦合处理技术,出水一般执行(GB 18918-2002)《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》中的一级B标准,以属地管理的运维模式为主。应加快制订符合江苏省太湖流域的农村生活污水处理设施建设标准,并形成责任主体明确、监管制度完善、资金投入有保障的长效稳定运行体制。     

Eco-efficiency and effectiveness evaluation toward sustainable urban development in China: a super-efficiency SBM–DEA with undesirable outputs

Environment, Development and Sustainability - Eco-efficiency, especially the total-factor eco-efficiency, measured by DEA models considering undesirable outputs, has been a popular instrument to...     

Application of digital technologies about water network in steel industry

To improve the efficiency of water use and reuse, a digitalized water network system was implemented in a steel industrial complex. The system consisted of four parts: online instrument and sensing devices, programmable logic controller, data communication network and control center based on expert knowledge. The system achieved real-time monitoring, diagnosis, and early warning of cooling water system using data collected inline, and enabled data connectivity and transmission of self-developed software applications on personal computer. This research used a steel enterprise as a case study. After the analysis of its cooling water system and water-saving potential using water balance test, a digitalized water network was evaluated and implemented, and we believe this network can be suitable for steel industry in general.     

SBR系统中同时硝化反硝化生物脱氮研究

采用单级SBR系统处理含有机物和氨氮的模拟污水并研究了单级生物脱氮的主要影响参数。实验采用葡萄糖作为碳源、硫酸铵作为氮源,研究了不同的CN和DO对同时硝化反硝化作用的影响。研究结果表明,当进水CODCr、NH3N浓度分别为244～500mgL和45.4～52.2mgL、反应条件为DO=1.0～3.0mgL、CODCrNH3N=5～10时,反应器中CODCr、NH3N的去除率分别达到87.1%～91.0%、75.1%～94.7%。根据试验结果,对同时硝化反硝化过程的一个代表性周期进行了分析。     

低浓度氨氮废水的厌氧氨氧化研究

采用污泥混合接种的方法,利用UASB反应器进行厌氧氨氧化菌混培物的培养与驯化,反应器连续运行了210d。当含氮模拟废水进水NH3-N浓度和NO2^--N浓度分别为3～5mmol／L和4～6mmol／L时,其最大去除率分别达68．0％和95．1％。扫描电镜结果表明,厌氧氨氧化菌混培物以形状不规则的短杆菌为主。     

非均相Fenton反应技术研究进展

Fenton氧化法是较为常用的一种高级氧化技术。非均相Fenton反应适用的pH值范围较宽,能避免均相Fen ton反应产生铁泥沉淀的缺点,成为近年来Fenton反应的重要研究方向。本文对非均相Fenton氧化技术的研究现状及发展动态进行较为详尽的评述。     

HOMINIDS: An agent-based spatial simulation model to evaluate behavioral patterns of early Pleistocene hominids

The HOMINIDS ABM is a new Agent Based Model that simulates the actions of two species of proto-human agents defined by a few, simple parameters. These proto-human agents attempt to subsist by foraging and nesting on dynamic, spatially explicit landscapes. The landscapes are described with a number of parameters based on empirical field data collected in habitats in East Africa. The results of three separate scenarios with 1 year model runs repeated 30 times each, for a total of 90 simulations, are presented and discussed to illustrate both the capacity and flexibility of our ABM modeling environment. The simulations show that the model food preferences and anatomy ascribed to Australopithecus boisei resulted in different expressions of foraging behaviors and subsistence strategies in two distinct ecological settings, and that adding tubers to the diet significantly increases the chances of the hominid agents meeting their daily caloric requirements year-round. In addition, this paper provides links to the open-source implementation code, along with the user documentation, design document, java API, and all datasets required to replicate the simulations.