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51.
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Cecilia Kullberg Thord Fransson Johanna Hedlund Niclas Jonzén Ola Langvall Johan Nilsson Kjell Bolmgren 《Ambio》2015,44(1):69-77
Many migratory bird species have advanced their spring arrival during the latest decades, most probably due to climate change. However, studies on migratory phenology in the period before recent global warming are scarce. We have analyzed a historical dataset (1873–1917) of spring arrival to southern and central Sweden of 14 migratory bird species. In addition, we have used relative differences between historical and present-day observations (1984–2013) to evaluate the effect of latitude and migratory strategy on day of arrival over time. There was a larger change in spring phenology in short-distance migrants than in long-distance migrants. Interestingly, the results further suggest that climate change has affected the phenology of short-distance migrants more in southern than in central Sweden. The results suggest that the much earlier calculated arrival to southern Sweden among short-distance migrants mirrors a change in location of wintering areas, hence, connecting migration phenology and wintering range shifts. 相似文献
53.
Waldo Sepulveda Cecilia Be Ronald Youlton Eduardo Carstens Marcelo Reyes 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(9):726-728
In order to determine the significance of nuchal translucency thickness on the subsequent natural history of first-trimester fetuses with a chromosome translocation, seven consecutive cases diagnosed between 11 and 13 weeks of gestation were reviewed. Nuchal translucency measurements were successfully obtained before chorionic villus sampling (CVS) in all cases. Three fetuses had an unbalanced translocation and all were associated with increased nuchal translucency and multiple anomalies at the detailed second-trimester scan. There were no survivors in this group. The remaining four fetuses had a balanced translocation; all had normal nuchal translucency thickness and no structural anomalies were detected in the second trimester. Three of these fetuses were born at ≥35 weeks of gestation and were phenotypically normal. However, an unexpected single fetal demise occurred in a dichorionic twin pregnancy at 28 weeks of gestation. It is concluded that nuchal translucency measurements provide important prognostic information on pregnancy outcome in first-trimester fetuses with a chromosome translocation. In parents with a known balanced translocation, the detection of increased nuchal translucency at 11–14 weeks of gestation is associated with unbalanced translocations, structural anomalies and poor pregnancy outcome. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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55.
Jannika?E.?Bostr?mEmail author Cecilia?Kullberg Susanne??kesson 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2012,66(5):819-821
In a previous study, we found that juvenile northern wheatears (Oenanthe oenanthe) exposed to a magnetic displacement to the west of their natural migration route increased their body mass. The total intensity
and inclination used for the western displacement may also have been interpreted as northern compared to the experimental
site (stronger total field intensity and steeper inclination angle). In order to investigate whether the fuelling response
was a response to an unexpected magnetic field or specific to the northern magnetic field, we conducted a new experiment.
Juvenile wheatears from the same study population were magnetically displaced to southwestern magnetic fields, exposing the
birds to unexpected magnetic combinations, but eliminating the possible effect of a northern magnetic field. A control group
was kept in the local geomagnetic field in Sweden for comparison. There was no difference in body mass increase between treatments,
suggesting that the fuelling response previously found was not a simple response to an unexpected magnetic field, but rather
a specific response to the northern magnetic field. Juvenile wheatears may have developed a fuelling response to northern
magnetic fields in order to enable a successful flight towards the migration goal. 相似文献
56.
Eduardo Koch Jorgelina Cecilia Altamirano Adrian Covaci Nerina Belén Lana Néstor Fernando Ciocco 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(1):761-765
Apple snail Pomacea canaliculata has been reported to accumulate polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and was recently proposed as PBDE bioindicator. This work investigates the ability of P. canaliculata to accumulate BDE-209 by dietary exposure under controlled experimental conditions. A 30-day long enrichment feeding assay was carried out using 30 adult apple snails, placed in individual aquaria. Food was enriched at three BDE-209 concentrations (400, 4,700, and 8,300 μg g?1 lipid weight). Correlation between BDE-209 values in food and snail tissue were estimated according to Stockholm Convention suggested criteria for chemicals with KOW >5. All animals survived with no evident physical alterations, and all of them accumulated BDE-209. BDE-209 levels in tissue samples increased exponentially with the exposure concentration. The bioaccumulation factor vs. food concentration plot showed a peculiar pattern, in which at intermediate concentrations the snails accumulated less BDE-209 than expected. Our results suggest that P. canaliculata would present a detoxification mechanism for BDE-209 different from the most commonly reported metabolic pathways. 相似文献
57.
Two methods to assess vulnerability to climate change in the Mexican agricultural sector 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alejandro Monterroso Cecilia Conde Carlos Gay David Gómez José López 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2014,19(4):445-461
We applied two methods to assess vulnerability to climate change in Mexico’s agricultural sector. The first one was a principal component analysis (PCA) that weighted each variable separately. For the second one, we integrated the variables in a linear array in which all variables were weighted equally, and then, we used the arithmetic sum of the sub-indices of exposure and sensitivity minus the adaptive capacity to obtain the vulnerability index. We discuss the similarities and differences between two methods with respect to municipal-level maps as the outputs. The application of the method for the agricultural sector in Mexico gave us the spatial distribution of the high- and very-high vulnerability categories, which we propose as a tool for policy. The methods agreed that the very-high vulnerability category is present in 39 municipalities. Also we found that 16 % of the total population in the country is located in high-exposure areas. In addition, 41 % lives in municipalities identified as highly-sensitive. In terms of adaptive capacity, 20 % of the population lives in 1273 municipalities with low-adaptive capacity. Finally, we discuss the need for information regarding vulnerability at the national level to guide policies aimed at reducing exposure and sensitivity and increasing adaptive capacity. 相似文献
58.
Claudia Cesaretti Luigina Spaccini Mariangela Rustico Cecilia Parazzini Chiara Doneda Thomas J. Re Andrea Righini 《黑龙江环境通报》2014,34(10):1015-1017
Hypochondroplasia (HCH) is a genetic skeletal dysplasia, inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. About 50–70% of HCH patients have a mutation in FGFR3 gene and in the majority of cases it is a de novo mutation. Recent magnetic resonance imaging studies on relative large cohorts of HCH patients have showed a central nervous system involvement with a high incidence of characteristic temporal lobe and hippocampal abnormalities. To the best of our knowledge, this report shows the first magnetic resonance imaging prenatal detection of characteristic brain anomalies in a case of HCH, molecularly confirmed through postnatal FGFR3 analysis. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
59.
Cecilia Izcapa-Treviño Octavio Loera Araceli Tomasini-Campocosio Fernando Esparza-García Juan A. Salazar-Montoya María D. Díaz-Cervantes 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):798-804
The purpose of this work was to demonstrate that a Fenton (H2O2/Fe) reaction was involved in DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane)] degradation in a culture of Penicillium sp. spiked with FeSO4. A commercial DDT mixture (10% DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene], 30% o,p-DDT and 60% of p,p′ -DDT) of 10 mg L? 1 was used. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), tartaric acid and oxalic acid were identified at 18 h in culture media, with and without added DDT; this correlated positively with lowering of pH from 5.8 to 2.7. Lower concentrations of oxalic acid and H2O2 (7.9 and 52.6 mg L? 1, respectively) occurred in media with DDT at 30 h, in comparison to that one without DDT mixture (27.9 and 65.3 mg L? 1, respectively), at this time there was maximum degradation (87.7, 91.7 and 94.2%) for DDE, o,p-DDT and p,p′-DDT, respectively. We propose that the degradation of the DDT mixture by Penicillium sp. was through a Fenton reaction (H2O2/Fe) under acidic conditions produced in situ during the fungal culture amended with FeSO4. 相似文献
60.
Cecilia S. Carranza Carla L. Barberis Stella M. Chiacchiera Ana María Dalcero Carina E. Magnoli 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(1):35-43
Glyphosate-based herbicides are extensively used in Argentina's agricultural system to control undesirable weeds. This study was conducted to evaluate the culturable mycobiota [colony forming units (CFU) g?1 and frequency of fungal genera or species] from an agricultural field exposed to pesticides. In addition, we evaluated the tolerance of A. oryzae and nontoxigenic A. flavus strains to high concentrations (100 to 500 mM – 17,000 to 84,500 ppm) of a glyphosate commercial formulation. The analysis of the mycobiota showed that the frequency of the main fungal genera varied according to the analyzed sampling period. Aspergillus spp. or Aspergillus section Flavi strains were isolated from 20 to 100% of the soil samples. Sterilia spp. were also observed throughout the sampling (50 to 100%). Aspergillus section Flavi tolerance assays showed that all of the tested strains were able to develop at the highest glyphosate concentration tested regardless of the water availability conditions. In general, significant reductions in growth rates were observed with increasing concentrations of the herbicide. However, a complete inhibition of fungal growth was not observed with the concentrations assayed. This study contributes to the knowledge of culturable mycobiota from agricultural soils exposed to pesticides and provides evidence on the effective growth ability of A. oryzae and nontoxigenic A. flavus strains exposed to high glyphosate concentrations in vitro. 相似文献