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31.
Jabeen Gul Ahmad Munir Zhang Qingyu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(9):22653-22667
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy security, job development, and minimal environmental damage are just a few of the reasons why green energy technologies have gained popularity.... 相似文献
32.
Tarek G. Ammari Yasin Al-Zu’bi Samih Abu-Baker Basem Dababneh Wafa’ Gnemat Alaeddin Tahboub 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2011,33(5):427-437
Lithium is found in trace amounts in all soils. It is also found in plants and in nearly all the organs of the human body.
Low Li intake can cause behavioral defects. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the concentration and distribution
of water-soluble Li in soils of the Jordan Valley and its concentration in citrus trees and some important food crops in view
of the significant implications of Li for human health. The concentration of soluble Li was measured in 180 soil samples collected
at two depths (0–20 and 20–40 cm) whereas its content was determined in fully expanded leaves collected from citrus and different
vegetable crops. Concentrations of soluble Li in soils vary from 0.95 to 1.04 mg l−1 in topsoil and from 1.06 to 2.68 mg l−1 in subsoil, while Li concentration in leaves ranged from 2 to 27 mg kg−1 DM. Lithium concentrations in leaves of crops of the same family or different families vary with location in the valley;
i.e., they decreased from north to south. It is concluded that soluble Li in soils and the plant family did not solely affect
Li transfer in the food chain. In addition, soil EC, Ca, Mg, and Cl, which increased from north to south, might adversely
affect plant Li uptake. The current study also showed that consuming 250–300 g FW of spinach day−1 per person is recommended to provide consumers with their daily Li requirement necessary for significant health and societal
benefits. 相似文献
33.
Nitrogen-efficient rice cultivars can reduce nitrate pollution 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Hakeem KR Ahmad A Iqbal M Gucel S Ozturk M 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(7):1184-1193
Introduction
Environmental pollution by un-utilized nitrogenous fertilizer at the agricultural field is one of the key issues of the day. Rice-based cropping system, the mainstay of Indian agriculture, is one of the main sources of unused N-fertilizer since rice utilizes only 30–40% of total applied N, and the rest goes to waste and creates environmental as well as economic loss. 相似文献34.
Khan MH Ali S Fakhru'l-Razi A Alam Z 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2007,42(4):381-386
Cellulase production was carried out by solid state bioconversion (SSB) method using rice straw, a lignocellulosic material and agricultural waste, as the substrate of three Trichoderma spp. and Phanerochaete chrysosporium in lab-scale experiments. The results were compared to select the best fungi among them for the production of cellulase. Phanerochaete chrysosporium was found to be the best among these species of fungi, which produced the highest cellulase enzyme of 1.43 IU/mL of filter paper activity (FPase) and 2.40 IU/mL of carboxymethylcellulose activity (CMCase). The "glucosamine" and "reducing sugar" parameters were observed to evaluate the growth and substrate utilization in the experiments. In the case of Phanerochaete Chrysosporium, the highest glucosamine concentration was 1.60 g/L and a high concentration of the release of reducing sugar was measured as 2.58 g/L obtained on the 4th day of fermentation. The pH values were also recorded. The range of the pH was about 5.15 to 5.56 in the case of Phanerochaete Chrysosporium. 相似文献
35.
Shah MH Iqbal J Shaheen N Khan N Choudhary MA Akhter G 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(3):1243-1252
Selected trace metals were estimated by atomic absorption spectrometry in the water and soil samples collected from the remote
region of Himalaya. The soil samples were analysed for soluble and acid extractable fraction of trace metals. In water samples,
Ca, Na, Mg and K emerged as dominant contributors, whereas, Ca, Na, K, Mg, Fe and Pb were estimated at comparatively higher
levels in the water extract of the soil. In case of acid extract of the soil samples, Ca, K, Fe, Mg, Mn and Na were found
at elevated concentrations. Based on mean levels of the metals, following decreasing concentration order was observed in water
samples: Ca > Na > Mg > K > Pb > Co > Cu > Zn > Mn > Cr > Fe > Cd > Li, however, in the acid extract of the soil, following
order was noted: Ca > K > Fe > Mg > Mn > Na > Pb > Zn > Cr > Li > Cu > Co > Cd. The correlation study revealed appreciably
diverse mutual relationships of trace metals in the water and soil samples. The multivariate cluster analyses exhibited divergent
apportionment of trace metals in water and soil samples. Among the trace metals, Cd, Pb, Li, Zn, Cr, Cu, Mn and Co exhibited
extreme to significant anthropogenic enrichment in the soil samples, while the rest of the metals were mostly contributed
by the natural processes. 相似文献
36.
Shah MH Shaheen N Jaffar M Khalique A Tariq SR Manzoor S 《Journal of environmental management》2006,78(2):128-137
Spatial variations in total suspended particulate matter (TSP) were investigated for distribution of metals and particle size fractions in the urban and rural atmosphere of Islamabad, Pakistan. The metals Na, K, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, Ni and Co, and the particle fractions <2.5, 2.5-10, 10-100 and >100 microm were included in the study. TSP samples were trapped on glass fibre filters using high volume samplers and quantification of metals was done using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry employing HNO(3) based wet digestion. At the urban site, Na was dominant at 2.384 microg/m(3) followed by K, Fe and Zn with 0.778, 0.667 and 0.567 microg/m(3) as mean concentrations, respectively. The metal levels for the rural site ranged from 0.002 microg/m(3) for Cd to 1.077 microg/m(3) for Na. However, compared with the urban site, mean Pb concentration showed an almost two-fold enhancement, i.e., 0.163 Vs. 0.327 microg/m(3). Metals and particle size source identification was done using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. Five sources were traced out for the urban site: industrial, soil, automobile emissions, metallurgical industries and excavation activities. For the rural site, four sources were recorded: agricultural, automotive emissions, excavation activities and metallurgical units. Collectively, for both the sites, PM(10-100) emerged as a major contributor to TSP, followed by PM(2.5-10), PM(<2.5) and PM(>100) in that order. The metals showed in general positive relationship with fine particulate fractions (PM(2.5-10), PM(<2.5)), and negative correlation with coarse fractions (PM(10-100), PM(>100)). Comparison with the corresponding data from various Asian sites revealed that the levels of Na, K, Fe, Mn, Co and Ni for the present study were lower than those reported for grossly polluted cities of the world. 相似文献
37.
Much of Sub‐Saharan Africa is burdened with water scarcity and poverty. Continentally, less than four percent of Africa's renewable water resources are withdrawn for agriculture and other uses. Investments in agricultural water management can contribute in several ways to achieving the Millennium Development Goals of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger and ensuring environmental sustainability. Increased yield and cropping area and shifts to higher valued crops could help boost the income of rural households, generate more employment, and lower consumer food prices. These investments can also stabilize output, income and employment, and have favourable impacts on education, nutrition and health, and social equity. Investments in agricultural water management can cut poverty by uplifting the entitlements and transforming the opportunity structure for the poor. The overall role of investments in agricultural water management in eradicating hunger and poverty is analyzed. This paper contributes to the present debate and efforts to identify strategies and interventions that can effectively contribute to poverty reduction in Africa. It provides an overview of population growth, malnutrition, income distribution and poverty for countries in three case study river basins — Limpopo, Nile, and Volta. With discussions on the contribution of agriculture to national income and employment generation, the paper explores the linkages among water resources investments, agricultural growth, employment, and poverty alleviation. It examines the potential for expansion in irrigation for vertical and horizontal growth in agricultural productivity, via gains in yield and cropping area to boost the agricultural output. Factors constraining such potential, in terms of scarcity and degradation of land and water resources, and poor governance and weak institutions, are also outlined. The paper argues that increased investments in land and water resources and related rural infrastructure are a key pathway to enhance agricultural productivity and to catalyze agricultural and economic growth for effective poverty alleviation. 相似文献
38.
Airborne particulate matter (PM) collected from two sampling stations in Islamabad, Pakistan, was analyzed for lead content and size gradation. A high volume air sampler was used to trap particulates on glass fiber filters for 8-12 h on a daily basis. Lead was estimated using a nitric acid digestion based AAS method on 44 samples from station 1 and 61 samples from station 2. Particle size fractions were categorized as <2.5, 2.5-10, 10-100 and >100 microm. The correlation between lead concentration and particle size was investigated. The results from two stations indicated average airborne lead concentrations of 0.505 and 0.185 microg/m3. Enhanced levels of lead were measured at a maximum of 4.075 microg/m3 at station 1 and 4.000 microg/m3 at station 2. PM < 2.5 and PM > 100 were found to constitute the local atmosphere in comparable proportions. A comparison of the lead levels is made with the existing permissible levels of this element laid down by different international agencies. 相似文献
39.
Ahmad Tasneem Nazar Sonaina Ahmad Kafeel Khan Zafar Iqbal Bashir Humayun Ashfaq Asma Munir Mudasra Munir Zunaira Hussain Khadim Alkahtani Jawaher Elshikh Mohamed Soliman Nadeem Muhammad Malik Ifra Saleem 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(23):29117-29117
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13137-9 相似文献
40.
Rafiq Muhammad Hamid Ahmad Riaz Jabbar Abdul Munir Hassan Hussain Muzzammil 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(27):21797-21806
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - No-till wheat is gaining popularity in rice-based cropping system as it provides a better chance for timely planting of wheat, management of crop... 相似文献