易燃易爆重大危险源安全监测系统校验的等周期数学模型

按照校验费和损失费最小以及有效度最大的原则分别给出了安全监测系统校验的等周期模型。当安全监测系统的无故障工作时间服从威布尔分布时，给出了模型的解法。     

膜生物反应器废水处理新工艺

概述了国内外膜生物反应器的研究与应用状况；介绍了其构形与特点；分析了膜污染的成因，影响因素及防制措施；指出了今后的研究方向。     

Renewable Resources and Enzymatic Processes to Create Functional Polymers: Adapting Materials and Reactions from Food Processing

We are exploiting materials and concepts from food science to create functionalized, environmentally friendly derivatives of the biopolymer chitosan, a byproduct of seafood processing. Functional groups are grafted onto chitosan using tyrosinase, the enzyme responsible for food browning. The functionalizing groups studied include low-molecular-weight phenols derived from natural sources and high-molecular-weight proteins. The approach of using low-molecular-weight phenols to functionalize chitosan is illustrated with arbutin, a natural phenol found in pears. Results demonstrate that tyrosinase initiates reactions that lead to the conversion of arbutin–chitosan solutions into gels. These gels can be rapidly broken by treatment with the chitosan-hydrolyzing enzyme chitosanase, demonstrating that the chitosan derivatives remain biodegradable. We briefly review other studies in which low-molecular-weight natural phenols are enzymatically grafted onto chitosan to confer functional properties. The creation of co-polymers is illustrated by results in which tyrosinase is used to couple gelatin onto chitosan. Gelatin is a proteinaceous byproduct of meat production. The tyrosinase-generated gelatin–chitosan conjugates have been observed to offer interesting rheological and thermal properties. These results demonstrate the potential for using renewable resources and enzymatic processing to create environmentally friendly polymers with useful functional properties.     

为渔业安全生产保驾护航--访农业部渔业船舶检验局局长包盛清

渔业是人类最古老的行业之一,传统作业的技术要求不高,一个渔民、一张织网、一条小船就可以养家糊口。但现代渔业特别是远详渔业,与传统作业根本不同。随着全球经济一体化步伐的加快,新经济时代对传统行业提出了更高的要求,中国的渔业管理也面临着新的课题,即水上生命财产安全和水域环境保护。农业部渔业船舶检验局作为全国渔业船舶检验工作的主管机关,担负着为渔业经济持续健康发展保驾护航的重任。     

四川盆地森林覆盖率自然影响因素分析

本文对四川盆地森林覆盖率的影响因素进行逐步回归分析,结果表明影响森林覆盖率的自然因素是综合的,它包括气候、地貌、土壤等自然条件。其中以7月降水量、地形崎岖度、山地比例、酸性紫色土比例及土地垦殖系数等作为决定四川森林覆盖率变化的最重要因素,这5个因素即可解释盆地森林覆盖率80%以上的变化。     

石灰-聚铁法处理硫酸厂废水的研究

对各种处理硫酸厂废水的方法者了探讨,选择了以百石灰和聚合硫酸铁为药剂去除废水中砷,硫等污染物的方法。该法工艺简单,混凝剂投加量少,运行费用低,处理后的废水可达到排放标准。     

两种定性天气预报模型的对比分析

以南京１９６５～１９９４ 年４ 月平均气温作为预报量, 选取前期５００ ｈ Ｐａ 月平均高度场相关因子, 分别建立了事件概率回归预报模型和神经网络预报模型。通过对比分析发现, 在同等条件下,由于神经网络方法能更好地反映预报量与预报因子间的非线性关系, 并能有效避免采用事件概率回归方法预报建模时, 对预报因子分级造成信息损失的缺点。因此, 其拟合和预报效果明显优于传统的概率回归预报方法     

长江河口越江工程在上海港建设中的重要作用

探讨了连接上海，崇明和江苏海门的长江河口桥隧工程在连接河口岛屿间交通，发挥崇明的区位优势，促进地区经济发展以及在上海港建设中的作用。详细论述了越江工程完成后上海新港的扩建，根据河口河水岸线的分布，提出了在横沙岛东滩修建人工岛的设想，最后对几种越江方案进行了分析比较，提出了作者的看法。     

黄酒中尿素的测定

二乙酰－肟分光光度法是测定黄酒等样品中尿素含量的一种快速、灵敏、简便的方法。样品中的尿素与显色试剂在沸水浴中发色１０￣１５ｍｉｎ后比色测定，显色的线性范围在０￣９μｇ尿素之间。测得的结果中包含了瓜氨酸的含量。样品中酒精和葡萄糖的存在不干扰测定。以标准加入法进行定量，从而使该方法的回收率和重现性大大提高，可满足一般痕量分析的要求。     

Distribution of Trace Metals in the Surface Sediments of Two Pristine Subalpine Lakes in Taiwan

Sediment cores were collected from two remote subalpine lakes: the rather shallow (1.5 m) Little Ghost Lake at 2040 m elevation and the deeper, Great Ghost Lake (40 m) at 2150 m elevation. Different early diagenesis of metals were observed. the seasonally anoxic hypolimnion drives the annual iron redox cycle and causes the remobilization of metals in the mobile fractions of sediments in the Great Ghost Lake. These result in the redistribution of metals in the mobile fractions of sediment and poor correlation between metal concentrations. in the Little Ghost Lake, the shallow water column is always oxic with less change of metals in the mobile fractions of sediments. As a result, most metals have strong positive correlations with each other.

The distributions of metal/Al ratios, total metal contents and acid-leached metal concentrations in the near-surface sediments of these two lakes suggest that the anthropogenic inputs from the atmospheric fallouts in recent decades are one of the major factors affecting the distributions of metals such as cadmium, lead and, to a lessor extent, zinc. the Pb-206/Pb-207 ratios confirm the anthropogenic lead input in these surface sediments.