黑龙江及周边3次中等地震震前活动能量场及物理升温现象时空特征分析

通过计算地震活动能量距平场,研究了黑龙江及其附近区域3次中等地震前的研究区能量场在地震孕育过程中相关的物理时空变化特征。结果显示,地震活动能量场的时间曲线呈较大幅度上升可能预示了发生中强震的时间段,而地震活动能量场等值线高值变化区对应了可能发生M5以上地震的区域。结合热红外卫星长波辐射(OLR)值发现,地震前能量场等值线高值变化区升温明显,表明研究区能量场处于能量积累(释放)增强的状态。这些特征的提取,对该地区中强地震的中短期预测有一定的指导意义。     

GD—L2型流气式固体氡源标定测氡仪的方法及影响因素浅析

GD—L2型流气式固体氡源具有操作简便、体积小、易携带、氡产生率较稳定的性能,与RN—150型负压氡源相比较,它最大的特点就是常压下开放式采样,标定K值的准确度往往受操作熟练程度和气压等气候条件的影响。为减小误差提高K值准确度,标定时采用"双连法"对被标仪器和闪烁室进行采样,根据标定时当地的气压和温度对恒流采样泵流速进行改正,实地验证气压等因素对标定结果的影响,本文还对标定方法和技巧进行定性分析和阐述。     

Determination of paraquat in water samples using a sensitive fluorescent probe titration method

Paraquat (PQ), a nonselective herbicide, is non-fluorescent in aqueous solutions. Thus, its determination through direct fluorescent methods is not feasible. The supramolecular inclusion interaction of PQ with cucurbit[7]uril was studied by a fluorescent probe titration method. Significant quenching of the fluorescence intensity of the cucurbit[7]uril-coptisine fluorescent probe was observed with the addition of PQ. A new fluorescent probe titration method with high selectivity and sensitivity at the ng/mL level was developed to determine PQ in aqueous solutions with good precision and accuracy based on the significant quenching of the supramolecular complex fluorescence intensity. The proposed method was successfully used in the determination of PQ in lake water, tap water, well water, and ditch water in an agricultural area, with recoveries of 96.73% to 105.77%. The fluorescence quenching values (ΔF) showed a good linear relationship with PQ concentrations from 1.0×10^-8 to 1.2× 10^-5 mol/L with a detection limit of 3.35×10^-9 mol/L. In addition, the interaction models of the supramolecular complexes formed between the host and the guest were established using theoretical calculations. The interaction mechanism between the cucurbit[7]uril and PQ was confirmed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy.     

铀污染土壤生物修复研究进展

生物修复是一种工艺简单、费用低廉、环境友好的修复方式,在铀土壤污染的修复治理中具有较好的应用前景。根据文献调研结果,介绍了铀污染土壤生物修复最新研究进展,包括铀污染土壤植物修复、微生物修复和植物-微生物共生体系修复,最后指出了今后铀污染土壤生物修复治理的研究重点。     

FeSO_4对厌氧氨氧化微生物活性影响

研究FeSO4对厌氧氨氧化微生物活性的影响,考察不同总氮负荷下加入FeSO4的反应器与对照反应器出水NH+4-N、NO-2-N、NO-3-N出水浓度及反应器ΔTN,结果表明,当FeSO4浓度为0.1 mmol/L时,反应器NO-2-N出水浓度明显低于对照,反应器基质去除能力强于对照,而反应器NO-3-N出水浓度则高于对照,反应器厌氧氨氧化微生物活性及生物量高于对照。FeSO4可促进厌氧氨氧化微生物富集生长及活性提高,增强反应器基质去除能力及抗负荷冲击能力。     

生态文明视角下沿海地区土地利用研究

针对生态文明视角下沿海地区土地利用研究-以盐城大丰为例.介绍了研究的意义,对研究区现状进行了分析,主要包括:大丰区概况、土地利用情况分析和存在问题分析,提出了生态视角下沿海城市土地利用的保障对策,主要有:特色开发,均衡发展;统筹规划城乡土地,提高土地利用率和实施动态监管,建立评估机制.建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会,从生态文明视角出发,以盐城大丰为例,分析其在土地利用中的情况和特点,并从生态文明的视角出发探讨存在的问题.     

Responses of soil N-fixing bacteria communities to invasive plant species under different types of simulated acid deposition

Biological invasions have incurred serious threats to native ecosystems in China, and soil N-fixing bacteria communities (SNB) may play a vital role in the successful plant invasion. Meanwhile, anthropogenic acid deposition is increasing in China, which may modify or upgrade the effects that invasive plant species can cause on SNB. We analyzed the structure and diversity of SNB by means of new generation sequencing technology in soils with different simulated acid deposition (SAD), i.e., different SO₄ ^2? to NO₃ ^? ratios, and where the invasive (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and the native species (Amaranthus tricolor L.) grew mixed or isolated for 3 months. A. retroflexus itself did not exert significant effects on the diversity and richness of SNB but did it under certain SO₄ ^2? to NO₃ ^? ratios. Compared to soils where the native species grew isolated, the soils where the invasive A. retroflexus grew isolated showed lower relative abundance of some SNB classes under certain SAD treatments. Some types of SAD can alter soil nutrient content which in turn could affect SNB diversity and abundance. Specifically, greater SO₄ ^2? to NO₃ ^? ratios tended to have more toxic effects on SNB likely due to the higher exchange capacity of hydroxyl groups (OH^?) between SO₄ ^2? and NO₃ ^?. As a conclusion, it can be expected a change in the structure of SNB after A. retroflexus invasion under acid deposition rich in sulfuric acid. This change may create a plant soil feedback favoring future A. retroflexus invasions.     

Application of different foliar iron fertilizers for enhancing the growth and antioxidant capacity of rice and minimizing cadmium accumulation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Iron (Fe) fertilizer can reduce cadmium (Cd) uptake and toxicity in rice, but the underlying mechanisms of Cd mitigation by different fertilizers are...     

Non-stop industries were the main source of air pollution during the 2020 coronavirus lockdown in the North China Plain

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Despite large decreases of emissions of air pollution during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in 2020, an unexpected regional severe haze...     

Removal efficiencies of natural and synthetic progesterones in hospital wastewater treated by different disinfection processes

● The concentrations of 61 progesterones in HWW, PFTE, SBTE were evaluated. ● The removal efficiencies of progesterones by PFT and SBT were identified. ● Compared the removal efficiencies of progeste rones in five disinfection processes. Progesterones are ubiquitous in hospital wastewater (HWW) with concentrations much higher than those of estrogens and androgens. To ensure that these water systems are safe to use, disinfection is crucial during HWW treatment by providing “front line” defense against biological contaminations. Here, five disinfection processes, namely, chlorine (Cl₂), chlorine dioxide (ClO₂), ozone (O₃), ultraviolet (UV)), and UV/chlorine (UV/Cl₂), were selected to investigate their removal efficiencies for progesterones in primary filtration and secondary biological treatment effluents. There were 61 natural and synthetic progesterones detected in HWW, with the natural progesterones being the main components with a concentration of 845.51 ng/L and contributing to 75.08% of the total progesterones. The primary filtration treatment presented insignificant removal effects on the progesterones, while the secondary biological treatment significantly reduced the progesterone content by biodegradation. The order of removal efficiencies of total progesterones by different disinfection processes was UV/Cl₂ > Cl ₂ > O ₃ > ClO ₂ > UV. UV/Cl ₂ showed the highest removal efficiency against progesterones mainly due to the activation of Cl₂ by ultraviolet (UV) photolysis, which helps open the heterocyclic, aromatic, and phenolic rings, thus accelerating progesterone degradation. In addition, the removal efficiencies of natural progesterones in the five disinfection processes were higher than those of synthetic progesterones (progesterone derivatives, 19-nortestosterone derivatives, and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives).