Evaluation of activated sludge properties’ changes in industrial-wastewater pre-treatment: role of residual aluminum hydrolyzed species with different polymerization degree

● Medium poly Al salts dominated the PAC residual salts with a rational dosage. ● Settlement flocculation effect under medium poly Al salts showed a better trend. ● Complex of medium poly Al salts and enzymes promoted cell activity. ● Medium poly Al salts were beneficial to the effluent indexes. With the widespread introduction of pre-coagulation prior to the biological unit in various industrial wastewater treatments, it is noteworthy that long-term accumulation of residual coagulants has certains effect on both micro and macro characteristics of activated sludge (AS). In this study, the morphology distributions of residual aluminum salts (RAS) and their effects on the removal efficiency of AS were investigated under different PAC concentrations. The results showed that the dominance of medium polymeric RAS, formed under an appropriate PAC dose of 20 mg/L enhanced the hydrophobicity, flocculation, and sedimentation performances of AS, as well as the enzymatic activity in cells in the sludge system, improving the main pollutants removal efficiency of the treatment system. Comparatively the species composition with monomer and dimer / high polymer RAS as the overwhelming parts under an over-dosed PAC concentration of 55 mg/L resulted in excessive secretion of EPS with loose flocs structure and conspicuous inhibition of cellular activity, leading to the deterioration of physico-chemical and biological properties of AS. Based on these findings, this study can shed light on the role of the RAS hydrolyzed species distributions, closely relevant to Al dosage, in affecting the comprehensive properties of AS and provide a theoretical reference for coagulants dosage precise control in the pretreatment of industrial wastewater.     

A new prediction method of industrial atmospheric pollutant emission intensity based on pollutant emission standard quantification

● Established a quantification method of pollutant emission standard. ● Predicted the SO₂ emission intensity of single coking enterprises in China. ● Evaluated the influence of pollutant discharge standard on prediction accuracy. ● Analyzed the SO₂ emissions of Chinese provincial and municipal coking enterprises. Industrial emissions are the main source of atmospheric pollutants in China. Accurate and reasonable prediction of the emission of atmospheric pollutants from single enterprise can determine the exact source of atmospheric pollutants and control atmospheric pollution precisely. Based on China’s coking enterprises in 2020, we proposed a quantitative method for pollutant emission standards and introduced the quantification results of pollutant emission standards (QRPES) into the construction of support vector regression (SVR) and random forest regression (RFR) prediction methods for SO₂ emission of coking enterprises in China. The results show that, affected by the types of coke ovens and regions, China’s current coking enterprises have implemented a total of 21 emission standards, with marked differences. After adding QRPES, it was found that the root mean squared error (RMSE) of SVR and RFR decreased from 0.055 kt/a and 0.059 kt/a to 0.045 kt/a and 0.039 kt/a, and theR² increased from 0.890 and 0.881 to 0.926 and 0.945, respectively. This shows that the QRPES can greatly improve the prediction accuracy, and the SO₂ emissions of each enterprise are highly correlated with the strictness of standards. The predicted result shows that 45% of SO₂ emissions from Chinese coking enterprises are concentrated in Shanxi, Shaanxi and Hebei provinces in central China. The method created in this paper fills in the blank of forecasting method of air pollutant emission intensity of single enterprise and is of great help to the accurate control of air pollutants.     

入海排污口污水微生物群落结构及其影响因素研究进展

入海排污口污水中存在大量微生物,其进入海洋后会对邻近海域的海水水质及海洋生物健康造成巨大威胁。因此,研究入海排污口污水中微生物的群落结构及其影响因素对于了解排污口污水对海洋生态环境的影响具有重要意义。本文综述了国内外不同类型入海排污口微生物的群落结构特征,着重介绍了影响入海排污口微生物群落结构的重要因素,并进一步阐述了排污口污水中微生物对排污口邻近海域的海水水质和海洋生物的影响。     

春季南黄海近岸海域浮游动物群落特征

为研究南黄海春季浮游动物群落特征及变化规律,利用2017年4月至6月在南黄海近岸水域获取的WP2型浮游生物网采样品及相关调查资料,分析了浮游动物的种类组成、密度、优势种、生物多样性及其与环境因子的相关性。研究海域共记录浮游动物成体41种（含未定种）,浮游幼虫22类。桡足类、水螅水母和浮游幼虫是浮游动物种类数最多的类群。春季,胶东半岛沿岸海域、海州湾毗邻海域和苏北沿岸海域浮游动物群落结构在时间和空间上的动态变化存在明显差异。温度在时间和空间上的不均匀变化是造成上述差异的重要原因。胶东半岛沿岸海域受冷水团影响,浮游动物群落的变化趋势与其他海域存在较大不同。小拟哲水蚤（Paracalanus parvus）是海域最占优势的浮游动物种类,对浮游动物总密度及多样性指数有较大影响。生物多样性分析显示,海州湾毗邻海域浮游动物多样性最高,胶东半岛沿岸海域次之,苏北沿岸海域最低。     

十溴联苯醚在单次暴露的孕和非孕SD大鼠血液内的吸收分布

五溴联苯醚、八溴联苯醚被禁以后,十溴联苯醚（BDE-209〉97%）是现在唯一仍在全球范围内广泛使用的多溴联苯醚阻燃剂。BDE-209在环境介质和生物体,甚至人体的血液、母乳中普遍存在,而且BDE-209的环境含量呈上升趋势。在实验室条件下,BDE-209可以通过生物代谢,或光降解、热降解转换形成毒性更强的低溴代PBDEs、羟基甲氧基PBDEs、致癌物多溴二苯并二噁英/呋喃（PBDD/DFs）。所以BDE-209的环境行为及生物效应成为环境污染物领域研究的热点之一。目前,关于BDE-209对妊娠期生物体的暴露研究还是很少。研究了十溴联苯醚在单次暴露的孕和非孕SD大鼠血液内的吸收代谢。结果表明,BDE-209可以被孕和非孕SD大鼠吸收,孕和非孕SD大鼠血液中吸收的BDE-209都可以快速的排出。BDE209在孕和非孕SD大鼠体内存在脱溴代谢,主要的脱溴代谢物是3种nona-BDE（sBDE-206,-207,-208）和五种octa-BDEs（BDE-196,-197/204,-198/203）,其中3种nona-BDEs是主要的代谢物,而BDE-207是nona-BDEs中含量最大的单体。BDE-209及其脱溴代谢物nona-BDEs的清除速率,在SD孕鼠的体内快于SD非孕鼠,而且在暴露实验的后期还存在统计意义的显著差异性。     

塔里木油田库尔勒生活基地生活垃圾处理现状与对策探讨

对塔里木油田库尔勒生活基地生活垃圾的处理现状和主要构成进行调查后,结合所在城市生活垃圾的处理方式,提出库尔勒生活基地生活垃圾"分类收集与回收利用"的途径,分析了实施中可能存在的问题,探讨了具体的对策,强调要从加强环保宣传、明确管理部门责任、完善回收设施、采用半市场化处理的对策思路。     

东北玉米热量指数预测方法研究(Ⅲ)——GM(1,1)预测方法

GM(1,1)是开展时间序列环境要素变化趋势预测的有效方法之一。通过对东北地区玉米热量指数的分析,建立了热量指数时间变化趋势的GM(1,1)预测模型,各模型的平均预测精度虽低于逐步回归统计模型,但也都达91%以上,可以应用该模型的预测结果指导农业生产。     

城镇社区地震应急工作模式的建立

社区地震应急工作是我国地震应急管理工作的重要内容之一,是减轻地震灾害的有效途径。如何依托社区开展地震应急工作是近年来,特别是汶川地震后全社会关注的问题。从地震应急组织管理、应急预案、志愿者队伍建设、宣传培训、应急演练、物资储备、避难场地和疏散通道设置以及地震应急处置等几个方面讨论了社区地震应急工作模式。     

Clomazone dissipation, adsorption and translocation in four paddy topsoils

IntroductionClomazone,(2 [(2 chlorophenyl)methyl ] 4 ,4 dimethyl 3 isoxazolidinone) ,isasoil appliedisoxazolidinoneherbicideproducedbyFMCCorp .Itisintroducedforannualgrassandbroad spectrumweedsinsoybeans(Rani,1998;Vyas,2 0 0 0 ) .Itisalsocurrentlyregis…     

澳门大气气溶胶中多环芳烃研究

通过1995年和1998年澳门大气气溶胶中多环芳烃分析表明,1998年的有机污染程度是1995年的1.36～4.36倍,大气气溶胶中多环芳烃白天高于夜间,说明主要污染物为居民的工作、生活、商业、交通所排放。澳门商业交通功能区有机毒害污染较为严重,苯并(a)芘和苯并(a)蒽分别为1.56～8.10ng/m3和0.85～4.68ng/m3。