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71.
Optimum operating conditions for sewage treatment via combined biological-physico chemical treatment has been studied. The biological unit was a trickling filter. The non-settled biological effluent was subjected to coagulation followed by rapid solid-liquid separation via dissolved air flotation. The impact of organic load on the over-all efficiency of the system has been investigated using three different organic loads namely, 9.48, 20.0, and 27.85 g BOD5m?2d?1. The coagulants used were ferric chloride and alum. Calcium oxide was used as a coagulant aid with ferric chloride. Factors affecting the efficiency of dissolved air flotation process such as detention time, air solids ratio, and position of coagulant's addition have been investigated. The results obtained showed that the use of biological, extended physico-chemical technique leads to the removal of organic as well as inorganic contaminants. Moreover, sludge with high solids content can be obtained. 相似文献
72.
In order to understand its response towards nickel stress,watercress(Nasturtium officinale R.Br.) was exposed to nickel(1-25 mg/L) for 1,3,5 and 7 days.The accumulation and translocation of nickel were determined and the influence of nickel on biomass,protein content and enzymatic antioxidants was examined for both roots and leaves.It was determined that N.officinale could accumulate appreciable amounts of Ni in both roots and leaves.Nickel accumulated particularly in the roots of plants.Biomass increased at low nickel concentrations but certain measurable change was not found at high concentrations.Under stress conditions the antioxidant enzymes were up-regulated compared to control.An increase in protein content and enzyme activities was observed at moderate exposure conditions followed by a decline at both roots and leaves.The maximum enzyme activities were observed at different exposure conditions.Our results showed that N.officinale had the capacity to overcome nickel-induced stress especially at moderate nickel exposure.Therefore,N.officinale may be used as a phytoremediator in moderately polluted aquatic ecosystems. 相似文献
73.
In order to understand its response towards nickel stress, watercress (Nasturtium o cinale R. Br.) was exposed to nickel (1–25 mg/L)
for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. The accumulation and translocation of nickel were determined and the influence of nickel on biomass, protein
content and enzymatic antioxidants was examined for both roots and leaves. It was determined that N. o cinale could accumulate
appreciable amounts of Ni in both roots and leaves. Nickel accumulated particularly in the roots of plants. Biomass increased at low
nickel concentrations but certain measurable change was not found at high concentrations. Under stress conditions the antioxidant
enzymes were up-regulated compared to control. An increase in protein content and enzyme activities was observed at moderate
exposure conditions followed by a decline at both roots and leaves. The maximum enzyme activities were observed at di erent exposure
conditions. Our results showed that N. o cinale had the capacity to overcome nickel-induced stress especially at moderate nickel
exposure. Therefore, N. o cinale may be used as a phytoremediator in moderately polluted aquatic ecosystems. 相似文献
74.
Samet Mariem Karray Fatma Mhiri Najla Kamoun Lotfi Sayadi Sami Gargouri-Bouzid Radhia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(21):21404-21415
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Phosphoric acid production and olive oil production are among the most important economical sectors in Tunisia. However, they generate huge amounts of... 相似文献
75.
Burkhard O. Wagner Elham Refaat Abdel Aziz Anja Schwetje Fatma Abou Shouk Juliane Koch-Jugl Michael Braedt Keya Choudhury Roland Weber 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(4):2087-2097
The sustainable management of chemicals and their associated wastes—especially legacy stockpiles—is always challenging. Developing countries face particular difficulties as they often have insufficient treatment and disposal capacity, have limited resources and many lack an appropriate and effective regulatory framework. This paper describes the objectives and the approach of the Egyptian–German Twinning Project under the European Neighbourhood Policy to improve the strategy of managing hazardous substances in the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) between November 2008 and May 2011. It also provides an introduction to the Republic of Egypt’s legal and administrative system regarding chemical controls. Subsequently, options for a new chemical management strategy consistent with the recommendations of the United Nations Chemicals Conventions are proposed. The Egyptian legal and administrative system is discussed in relation to the United Nations’ recommendations and current European Union legislation for the sound management of chemicals. We also discuss a strategy for the EEAA to use the existing Egyptian legal system to implement the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, the Stockholm Convention and other proposed regulatory frameworks. The analysis, the results, and the recommendations presented may be useful for other developing countries in a comparable position to Egypt aspiring to update their legislation and administration to the international standards of sound management of chemicals. 相似文献
76.
As in vivo system, we propose Drosophila melanogaster as a useful model for study the genotoxic risks associated with nanoparticle exposure. In this study we have carried out a genotoxic evaluation of titanium dioxide (TiO2), zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles and their microparticulated forms in D. melanogaster by using the wing somatic mutation and recombination assay. This assay is based on the principle that loss of heterozygosis and the corresponding expression of the suitable recessive markers, multiple wing hairs and flare-3, can lead to the formation of mutant clones in treated larvae, which are expressed as mutant spots on the wings of adult flies. Third instar larvae were feed with TiO2, ZrO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles, and their microparticulated forms, at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 mM. Although a certain level of aggregation/agglomeration was observed in solution, it must be noted than the constant digging activity of larvae ensures that treated medium pass constantly through the digestive tract ensuring exposure. The results showed that no significant increases in the frequency of all spots (e.g. small single, large single, twin, total mwh and total spots) were observed, indicating that these nanoparticles were not able to induce genotoxic activity in the wing spot assay of D. melanogaster. Negative data were also obtained with the microparticulated forms. This indicates that the nanoparticulated form of the selected nanomaterials does not modify the potential genotoxicity of their microparticulated versions. These in vivo results contribute to increase the genotoxicity database on the TiO2, ZrO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles. 相似文献
77.
78.
Fatma Sahindokuyucu Kocasari 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(10):6363-6368
Aflatoxins are toxic fungal metabolites found in foods and feeds. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a metabolite of the potent carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), occurs in milk from animals consuming feed contaminated with AFB1. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and levels of AFM1 in ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk and infant formula samples consumed in Burdur City. During 2011, 41 samples of UHT milk and 33 samples of infant formula were randomly collected from different supermarkets and drug stores. The occurrence and contamination levels of AFM1 in the samples were investigated using the competitive enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) method. AFM1 was detected in 30 samples (73.2 %) in concentrations ranging from 6.42 to 71.33 ng/L (mean level, 17.76 ng/L). Altogether, only three (7.3 %) samples of UHT milk were contaminated at levels above the Turkish legal limit (50 ng/L). However, AFM1 was not detected in all infant formula samples. It is concluded that despite the widespread occurrence of AFM1 in UHT milk samples, the contamination levels were not serious for public health. 相似文献
79.
Toraman AR Battal F Ozturk K Akcin B 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2011,17(4):455-461
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to collect data on self-reported sharps injuries to develop best practices to reduce them. Methods. Data on sharps injuries were collected for the period of January-October 2008 using Adverse Event Notification Forms already in use at Sema Hospital. Results. On average, 0.2% of all self-reported injuries were sharps injuries averaging one injury per month. Housekeeping staff sustained 64% of such injuries, nurses sustained 36% (5 incidents). Outpatient clinics experienced the most injuries at 28%, followed by the Internal Diseases Inpatient Unit with 21% and the Medical Waste Room with 14%. Injuries often occurred during contact with medical waste bags (28%) and while replacing full sharp-boxes (14%). Conclusion. In summary, reducing needle stick injuries is an important component of the occupational and patient safety program at Sema Hospital. The research described in this study allowed the hospital to provide targeted interventions to increase awareness of the risks of needle stick injuries and reduce such injuries. The steps used in the study can be used in any health care organization in the world to design a customized improvement plan to reduce risk and injury. 相似文献
80.
Yıldırım Seda Yıldırım Durmuş Çağrı Aydın Kenan Erdoğan Fatma 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(39):54766-54780
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aims to test the effects of the number of tourist arrivals and tourism receipts on carbon emissions for the Mediterranean countries. The... 相似文献