适应信息化发展要求,努力实现PPE标准制修订科学化和正规化管理——PPE标准化技术委员会标准全程控制系统介绍

PPE标准化技术委员会标准全程控制系统是基于互联网的PPE信息管理系统平台。该系统采用便捷的B/S架构,利用先进的计算机信息技术,将标准制修订的全过程集成到一个系统中,使标准的制修订流程实现了全程自动化管理,极大地方便了标准制修订各个环节的工作,提高了PPE标准化工作的管理水平,促进了整个行业信息化的发展,确保了国家标准计划按期高水平的完成。     

Haze is a risk factor contributing to the rapid spread of respiratory syncytial virus in children

This study investigated whether respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children was associated with ambient temperature and air pollutants in Hangzhou, China. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to estimate the effects of daily meteorological data and air pollutants on the incidence of RSV infection among children. A total of 3650 childhood RSV infection cases were included in the study. The highest air pollutant concentrations were in January to May and October to December during the year. The yearly RSV-positive rate was 10.0 % among children with an average age of 4.3 months. The highest RSV-positive rate occurred among patients 0 to 3 months old. Children under 6.5 months old accounted for 80 % of the total patients infected by RSV. A negative correlation was found between ambient temperature and RSV infection, and it was strongest with minimum ambient temperature (r = ?0.804, P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the infection rate and the particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (r = 0.446, P < 0.001), PM10 (r = 0.397, P < 0.001), SO₂ (r = 0.389, P < 0.001), NO₂ (r = 0.365, P < 0.001) and CO (r = 0.532, P < 0.001). The current study suggested that temperature was an important factor associated with RSV infection among children in Hangzhou. Air pollutants significantly increased the risk of RSV infection with dosage, lag and cumulative effects.     

江苏省农业比较优势格局及与周边省市比较分析

:将江苏省置于长江中下游种植区内 ,运用国内资源成本系数DRCC(DomesticResourcesCostCoefficient)和RDRCC(RatioDomesticResourcescostCoefficients)指标考察了江苏省与周边省市 (包括上海、安徽、浙江、江西、湖北和湖南 )农业生产比较优势的差异 ,从而全面地认识了相对于长江中下游种植区六省市江苏省农业生产的比较优势格局。根据分析 ,与周边地区相比 ,江苏省秋收作物粳稻、大豆 ,夏收作物油菜籽、棉花和早籼稻 ,常年生作物茶叶生产都具有不同程度的相对比较优势 ,可考虑通过适当的政策将资源导向这些产品的生产上 ;同时重点压缩小麦、中籼稻、玉米、花生、烤烟等不具相对比较优势产品的生产。此外 ,江苏桑蚕茧可考虑稳定现有的生产 ,而苹果生产可适当调减。主要饲养业产品中 ,蛋鸡、肉鸡和淡水鱼具有相对比较优势 ,其饲养总量可以考虑进一步扩大 ,相反 ,生猪和菜羊不具相对比较优势 ,饲养规模应适当压缩。而江苏奶牛饲养总规模可考虑稳定 ,并适当扩大国营集体饲养的规模     

嘉陵江流域洪水区域分析

嘉陵江流域位于长江上游 ,是长江流域面积最大的支流 ,也是长江洪水的主要来源之一。用一种新的洪水区域分析方法———标度分析法对年最大洪峰流量区域变化的性质进行了研究。标度分析法的基本思想是认为在具有相似的地理、地质和气候条件的区域内洪水的空间变化满足标度不变性 ,将不同的地区划分成不同的区域 ,在同一子区域内用标度变换来对洪水资料进行处理 ,这种思想具有现实的普遍意义。对嘉陵江流域洪水资料研究的结果表明标度不变性在一定程度上确实存在 ,且表现出多标度性 ,也就是说不同频率 p下的标度指数θ(p)有不同的值。因此用标度分析法进行洪水区域分析是可行的。为了实际应用 ,最后还计算了嘉陵江流域不同频率p的标度指数θ(p)值 ,由这些结果可以实现由有资料地区的洪水资料对无资料地区洪水进行粗估     

自贡市大气污染的现状研究

通过历时４年的自贡市大气污染现状研究结果，大气综合质量指达到ＧＢ１３３０９５－８２大气质量标准的二级以上标准，由于天然气广泛使用，燃料结构发生明显的变化，大气主要污染物为硫化氢及苯并芘，城区最大值分别为０．１２９μｍｇ／ｍ＾３和４．６８μｇ／１００ｍ６３，郊区分别为０．０６２ｍｇ／ｍ＾３和１．１２μｇ／１００＾３。本研究认为磊气污染属燃气型污染。     

Lipophilic organic pollutants induce changes in phospholipid and membrane protein composition leading to Vero cell morphological change

Membrane damage related to morphological change in Vero cells is a sensitive index of the composite biotoxicity of trace lipophilic chemicals. However, judging whether the morphological change in Vero cells happens and its ratio are difficult because it is not a quantitative characteristic. To find biomarkers of cell morphological change for quantitatively representing the ratio of morphological changed cell, the mechanism of cell membrane damage driven by typical lipophilic chemicals, such as trichlorophenol (TCP) and perfluorooctanesulphonate (PFOS), was explored. The ratio of morphologically changed cells generally increased with increased TCP or PFOS concentrations, and the level of four major components of phospholipids varied with concentrations of TCP or PFOS, but only the ratio of phosphatidylcholine (PC)/phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) decreased regularly as TCP or PFOS concentrations increased. Analysis of membrane proteins showed that the level of vimentin in normal cell membranes is high, while it decreases or vanishes after TCP exposure. These variations in phospholipid and membrane protein components may result in membrane leakage and variation in rigid structure, which leads to changes in cell morphology. Therefore, the ratio of PC/PE and amount of vimentin may be potential biomarkers for representing the ratio of morphological changed Vero cell introduced by trace lipophilic compounds, thus their composite bio-toxicity.     

封闭式循环水养殖系统水处理效率及半滑舌鳎养殖效果分析

测定了封闭式循环水生产性半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther)养殖系统和流水养殖系统各水处理单元水质指标以及鱼的生长、免疫和消化指标.结果表明,封闭式循环水养殖系统经过25 d的运行,生物滤池出水NH4+-N、NO2--N、PO34--P、COD及SS浓度显著低于养鱼池中NH4+-N、...     

卷式超滤膜在蓝藻收集中的应用

利用微孔滤布-卷式超滤膜组合工艺,构建蓝藻收集中试系统,用于处理高藻期富营养化水体。考察了高藻期该工艺的蓝藻收集效率、膜通量变化及膜污染状况。结果表明,该组合工艺在进水泵频率40 Hz,进水压力0.2 MPa的条件下,定期排蓝藻浓缩液实验和蓝藻连续浓缩实验的蓝藻截留率均能达到95%以上;6 d后定期排蓝藻浓缩液实验最低...     

Chemical Tracking and Marine Environmental Impact of Ocean Disposal of Calcium Carbonate Residue in the North Yellow Sea

The objective of this study is to determine the sedimentation rate and dispersion area of calcium carbonate residue dumped at sea and the impact to marine environment of dumping by a laboratory simulation experiment; chemical tracking in the field with the help of acoustic and optical tracking; and a comparative study of baseline conditions and marine environmental impact after dumping. Turbidity, pH and phosphate are selected as the chemical tracers to be monitored.

Results show that in the dumping area of 15 square miles with water depth of 50 m, if 217 t calcium carbonate residue is dumped (spot dumping) in the presence of a pycnocline with a current velocity of 60 cm/s (close to the maximum) the maximum dispersion distance of the calcium carbonate residue plume front is less than 2100 m; the dispersion area is less than 0.56 km²; and the maximum dispersion time is about 60 min when the turbidity and pH in the whole dispersion area return to background level. Therefore, the ocean disposal of calcium carbonate residue is feasible.