葛藤的饲用价值及其在攀西地区畜牧业中的应用

葛藤的根、茎、枝、叶不但富含蛋白质、碳水化合物等易消化吸收的营养物质,而且还具有防治动物疾病的作用,是饲药合用、牲畜和家禽喜食的优质牧草和饲料.研究了葛藤的饲用价值和饲用方法,提出了在攀西地区畜牧业中的应用建议.     

大学生就业难的原因分析及指导对策

本文对大学生就业存在的自身问题、高校办学专业设置和培养模式问题、用人单位的误区问题以及现今的社会问题等进行了理性分析,并提出了加强对大学生的就业指导,引导大学生树立科学理性的就业观,广泛疏通就业途径和集聚多方力量鼓励大学生自主创业的对策。     

光学气体成像技术在泄漏检测与维修中的应用研究

通过介绍光学气体成像技术的原理、泄漏检测与维修关键技术、甲烷气体泄漏检测与识别实验情况,讨论了该技术在石化生产过程中的应用发展趋势。     

基于复杂系统建模的水管理政策研究进展

基于Agent的建模方法（ABSS）通过自下而上的方式，考察系统中主体的不同状态和行为特征、主体与环境的作用、主体之间的作用，来表征系统的宏观特征，是进行复杂社会环境系统分析和政策研究的重要手段，在水资源、水环境管理系统中得到了有效的应用。本文在大量文献调研的基础上，讨论了ABSS建模方法的基本原理、主要特征、系统构成、分类方法和开发工具等特征，总结了其供水系统发展、水资源分配和流域水资源管理、农业土地和水资源利用、居民用水行为、农业污染控制及人类活动的水环境影响等方面的应用，分析了其在研究内容、研究方法、研究结果等方面的发展趋势，讨论了利用该方法研究我国水资源管理和水污染控制政策的必要性和重要性。     

Simulating transport of non-Chernobyl (137)Cs and (90)Sr in the North Atlantic-Arctic region

The spatial and temporal distributions of the anthropogenic radionuclides (137)Cs and (90)Sr, originating from nuclear bomb testing and the Sellafield reprocessing plants in the Irish Sea, are simulated using a global version of the Miami Isopycnic Coordinate Ocean Model (MICOM). The physical model is forced with daily atmospheric re-analysed fields for the period 1950 to present. Comparison of temporal evolution of observed and simulated concentrations of (137)Cs have been conducted for the regions east of Scotland, west of central Norway and at the entrance of the Barents Sea. It follows that the radionuclides from the Sellafield discharge reach the Barents Sea region after 4-5 years, in accordance with observations. The simulation provides a detailed distribution and evolution of the radionuclides over the integration time. For the Atlantic waters off the coast of Norway and in the southern Barents Sea, the atmospheric fallout dominates over the Sellafield release up to the mid 1960s and from the early 1990s, whereas Sellafield is the main source for the two radionuclides in the 1970s and 1980s. It is furthermore argued that model systems like the one presented here can be used for future prediction of radioactive contaminations in the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean, for instance under various global warming scenarios.     

我国公众环境保护意识的调查与分析

本文根据一次大规模的抽样调查资料，初步分析了我国公众环境保护意识的现状，认为从总体上看，公众的环保意识水平偏低；公众的环境资源况颇具特色；在经济发展与环境保护之间出现明显矛盾时，半数公众能够优先考虑环境保护；大多数公众认为环境保护与个人有关，但对个人的努力信心不足；超过七成的公众表示愿意为环境保护支付一定费用，但对高收入阶层普遍寄予较高的期望；公众有一定的依法保护环境的心理基础，但法律知识又非常缺乏。     

丹江口水库水质要素变化特征及其相互关系

采用丹江口水库 1987～ 1996年间的水环境常规监测资料 ,应用因子分析方法探讨了丹江口水库不同区域水环境要素变化特征及其相互关系 ,分析表明 :丹江口水库目前水质良好 ,大多数情况下能满足地面水一类水质标准要求 :库区不同断面水体水质要素及污染因子间的相互关系可以用 6个主导因子表达。同一主导因子不同断面标识因子的差异反映了库区不同区域水质分布差异及产生这种差异的环境过程 ;影响库区水质的主要因素是上游随降水产生的面源污染、库周点源排放、水体自净以及气候因素 ,不同断面水质影响因素及其程度存在差异。     

水资源全流域管理模式研究

水资源管理在社会经济发展中具有举足轻重的作用。本文通过分析国外流域管理的先进经验及发展趋势 ,结合我国实际 ,提出水资源全流域统一管理的模式 ,并指出这是我国水资源管理的必由之路     

Development of an ELISA for the detection of bromoxynil in water

For development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the nitrile herbicide bromoxynil, the polyclonal antibodies raised against 2,6-dibromo-4-cyano-phenoxyacetic acid (hapten) conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by the N-hydroxysuccinimide-activated ester method. Antiserum with a sufficiently high titer to provide the determinations of targeted compounds was obtained only 77 days after the primary immunization. Antiserum A2 was applied to the residual analysis of some water samples, under optimized ELISA condition, the quantitative working range was from 10 to 500 ppb with a limit of detection of 5 ppb. Cross-reactivity to structurally similar agrochemicals and related chemicals was determined. The antiserum showed little cross-reactivity with 2,6-dibromophenol and bromoxynil octanoate ester which have a dibromophenol group as common structure, but showed no cross-reactivity with other herbicides. Each water sample (river water, tap water, purified water, and bottled water) had a matrix effect and was investigated by adding Tween20 in the assay buffer. These four kinds of water samples were fortified with bromoxynil at several concentration levels and were directly analyzed with only dilution with an equal volume of antiserum solution, the mean recovery was 102.3%, and the mean coefficient of variation was 5.96%. The proposed ELISA turned out to be a powerful tool for monitoring of residual bromoxynil in water samples at trace level.     

某原油管道储运企业职业健康监护工作体会

原油管道储运行业地域辽阔、点多线长、易燃易爆,职业危害因素种类繁多,人员接触广泛,职业卫生工作难度较大.笔者结合工作实际,就原油管道储运企业职业健康监护谈谈工作体会.