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931.
Zhaoyue Sun Lisha Feng Guodong Fang Longgang Chu Dongmei Zhou Juan Gao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(3):248-259
Nano-Fe2O3 embedded in montmorillonite particles (Fe-Mt) were prepared to degrade diethyl phthalate (DEP) with citric acid (CA) under xenon light irradiation. Compared to pristine montmorillonite (Na-Mt), the embedding process increased 14.5-fold of iron content and 1.8-fold of specific surface area. The synthesized Fe-Mt have more oxygen vacancies than Fe2O3 nanoparticles (nFe2O3), which could induce more reactive oxygen species (ROSs) generation in the presence of CA under xenon lamp irradiation. Fe-Mt with CA enhanced photo-assisted degradation of DEP 2.5 times as compared to nFe2O3 with CA. Quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and identification of products confirmed that surface-bound ?OH was the main radical to degrade DEP. Common anions (i.e., NO3?, CO32?, Cl?) and humic acid could compete ?OH with DEP and cause slower degradation of DEP. The removal efficiency of DEP was more than 56% with Fe-Mt after three recycles, and the dissolved Fe concentration from Fe-Mt was below 75 μmol/L, indicating Fe-Mt had a good stability as a catalyst. Fe-Mt together with CA appeared to be a promising strategy to remove organic pollutants in surface water, or topsoil under solar irradiation. 相似文献
932.
Yangyang Gao Sha Wang Fengjun Yin Pin Hu Xingzu Wang Yuan Liu Hong Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(3):227-235
The relatively low sensitivity is an important reason for restricting the microbial fuel cell (MFC) sensors’ application in low concentration biodegradable organic matter (BOM) detection. The startup parameters, including substrate concentration, anode area and external resistance, were regulated to enhance the sensitivity of MFC sensors. The results demonstrated that both the substrate concentration and anode area were positively correlated with the sensitivity of MFC sensors, and an external resistance of 210 Ω was found to be optimal in terms of sensitivity of MFC sensors. Optimized MFC sensors had lower detection limit (1 mg/L) and higher sensitivity (Slope value of the linear regression curve was 1.02), which effectively overcome the limitation of low concentration BOM detection. The essential reason is that optimized MFC sensors had higher coulombic efficiency, which was beneficial to improve the sensitivity of MFC sensors. The main impact of the substrate concentration and anode area was to regulate the proportion between electrogens and nonelectrogens, biomass and living cells of the anode biofilm. The external resistance mainly affected the morphology structure and the proportion of living cells of the anode. This study demonstrated an effective way to improve the sensitivity of MFC sensors for low concentration BOM detection. 相似文献
933.
Yuan Li Yanqun Zu Qixian Fang Zhaohua Gao Christian Schvartz 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2009,3(3):325-333
This paper studied the relationship between heavy metal concentrations of herbaceous plants and soils at four Pb-Zn mining
sites in Yunnan, China. 50 herbaceous plant samples of 9 plant species from 4 families and 50 soil samples were collected
and then ana1yzed for the tota1 concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn. The results showed that the average concentrations of Pb,
Cd, and Zn in soil samples were 3772.83, 168.81, and 5385.65 mg/kg, respectively. The average concentrations of Pb, Cd, and
Zn were 395.68, 28.14, and 1664.20 mg/kg in the shoots, and 924.12, 57.25, and 1778.75 mg/kg in the roots, respectively. Heterospecific
plants at the same site and conspecific plants at various sites had different average levels of Pb, Cd, and Zn, both in the
shoots and the roots. Enrichment coefficients of Pb, Cd, and Zn were greater than 1 in 2, 3, and 9 herbaceous plant samples,
respectively. Translocation factors of Pb, Cd, and Zn were greater than 1 in 10, 17, and 25 herbaceous plant samples, respectively.
In all 50 samples, the concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn between the shoots and the roots, the shoots, and the soils, and the
roots and the soils had significant positive relationships. 相似文献
934.
935.
为探索呼伦湖流域沙化严重的斑块状区域生态修复的治理模式,研发设计条形孔2.0 m高度(Ⅰ)、条形孔1.5 m高度(Ⅱ)、条形孔1.0 m高度(Ⅲ)、方形孔1.0 m高度(Ⅳ)和圆形孔1.0 m高度(Ⅴ)5种类型的可移动挡风墙作为沙障,并对其防风效能进行对比研究,明确挡风墙背风侧不同距离、距地表不同高度的风速及表层土壤含水量特征,为大风频发地区的挡风墙设置提供参考依据。结果表明:5种挡风墙均可在有限距离内降低风速,且距地表0.5 m高度处的防风效能均优于1.0 m高度处;其中在挡风墙背风侧1 m、距地表0.5 m高度处,防风效能为挡风墙Ⅴ(87.30%)>Ⅰ(83.91%)>Ⅱ(83.29%)>Ⅳ(80.20%)>Ⅲ(74.66%),表层土壤保水能力为挡风墙Ⅴ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ,制作成本为挡风墙Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅴ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ。较适宜呼伦湖流域环境的挡风墙结构参数:1.5 m高,条形孔;1.0 m高,圆形孔。 相似文献
936.
937.
再制造产业是我国节能环保战略新兴产业的重要组成部分,对于破解经济发展的资源和环境约束具有重要意义。本文系统调研和分析了国内外再制造标准的制定、修订现状,提出了再制造产品评价的现实需求;创新性地提出了再制造产品的评价指标体系,包括定性评价指标和定量评价指标;针对我国再制造产业的发展现状和阶段,提出了具有较强适用性的评价方法。本研究将为制定相关国家标准和产业政策提供技术依据和决策参考。 相似文献
938.
介绍了天然气净化厂尾气处理单元加氢进料燃烧炉的结构及衬里形式,以及燃烧炉使用初期出现部分衬里损坏、下沉,甚至脱落的现象,导致燃烧炉外壁超温,影响装置正常生产;提出改造方案,解决了大型加氢进料燃烧炉衬里存在的问题。 相似文献
939.
为研究氨法脱硫中气液比、吸收液pH值、吸收液浓度以及进口烟温对脱硫效果的影响,设计了一套实验台,以亚硫酸铵为吸收剂进行了实验研究和分析.结果表明,气液比越小,脱硫效率越高;吸收液pH值越大,脱硫效果越好;脱硫效率随吸收液浓度的增大先增加后减小,中间存在最大值;而温度对脱硫效果的影响不大.同时可根据此结果,气液比选择在0.2~0.25L/m3范围,pH值选择为6~7.5范围,吸收液浓度为5.5%左右时,可使脱硫效果达到最好. 相似文献
940.