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81.
Ferreira M Antunes P Costa J Amado J Gil O Pousão-Ferreira P Vale C Reis-Henriques MA 《Chemosphere》2008,73(10):1669-1674
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which can accumulate in the adipose fish tissues, can enter the human food chain through the consumption of fish, and cause risk to health. The use of chemical analysis, and biochemical and cellular responses is a way to detect the impact of pollutants in aquatic systems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of organochlorine compounds (polychlorinated biphenyls - PCB and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites - tDDT) in, wild and cultivated, white seabream (Diplodus sargus), and also its biological effects that were evaluated by assessing the activity of biotransformation enzymes and genotoxic effects. To achieve that we have sampled five different size classes (I - 13 g, II - 64 g, III - 143 g, IV - 315 g and V - 441 g) of white seabream from a local aquaculture, and also a group of wild fish (375g) in order to compare accumulation and responses between cultured and wild fish. White seabream, cultured and wild, presented low levels of organochlorine content, both in liver and in muscle. Wild white seabream, in comparison to cultured ones at the marketable size, showed lower organochlorine accumulation. Biotransformation enzymes showed negative correlations with organochlorine levels in liver. Micronucleous numbers revealed that wild white seabream are not so exposed to genotoxic compounds as cultured ones. 相似文献
82.
83.
Molka Feki-Tounsi Pablo Olmedo Fernando Gil Mohamed-Nabil Mhiri Ahmed Rebai Amel Hamza-Chaffai 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11433-11438
The incidence of bladder tumors has been dramatically increasing since the 1970s, possibly as a consequence of ongoing environmental pollution. Previous studies have provided some evidence of an association between cancer and exposure to carcinogenic metals. In order to examine the association between levels of toxic metals in patients with bladder tumors and controls, the amounts of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and nickel were measured in tumoral lesions and adjacent normal part of the bladder mucosa excised for carcinoma and compared with those in the bladder mucosa of volunteer subjects operated for non-neoplastic diseases. The quantification of metals in tissue was assessed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. In tumoral tissues of the excised bladder mucosa, content of Cr and Ni was significantly low compared to that of adjacent normal tissues and control tissues while that of As and Cd in normal tissues adjacent to the tumor were significantly elevated compared to controls. Though the sample size was small, the present study shows that concentrations of metals such as Cd, Cr, As, and Ni in bladder tissue may be used as a biomarker of exposure. On the basis of the results obtained in this study, high amounts of As and Cd in adjacent normal parts of the bladders with carcinomas compared to controls would strongly suggest possible, individual or synergistic, effects of these pollutants on enzymatic systems, priming an oncogenic pathway. 相似文献
84.
The venomous striped eel catfish Plotosus
lineatus was first recorded in the Mediterranean in 2002. Within 1–3 years, it has spread throughout the entire Israeli coast. We
have studied its spatiotemporal distribution patterns via trawl surveys in order to determine the scale and extent of this
invasion. Findings indicate that a population explosion has occurred, and the catfish now inhabits all sandy and muddy substrates
up to ca 80 m. P. lineatus was found to recruit in autumn in the Mediterranean and displays similar or improved growth patterns and condition factor
compared to those found in its native habitat. We discuss the possible ecological mechanisms responsible for its success:
Benthic invaders are among its main prey items, suggesting an invasional meltdown process. We also point to the decline of
indigenous species using its trophic and behavioral–ecological niche and hypothesize that they might be outcompeted and displaced
by the catfish. 相似文献
85.
Mandel JT Bohrer G Winkler DW Barber DR Houston CS Bildstein KL 《Ecological applications》2011,21(6):2258-2268
Understanding the movements of animals is pivotal for understanding their ecology and predicting their survival in the face of rapid global changes to climate, land use, and habitats, thus facilitating more effective habitat management. Migration by flying animals is an extreme form of movement that may be especially influenced by weather. With satellite telemetry studies, and the growing availability of information about the Earth's weather and land surface conditions, many data are collected that can advance our understanding about the mechanisms that shape migrations. We present the track annotation approach for movement data analysis using information about weather from the North American Reanalysis data set, a publicly available, regional, high-resolution model-observation hybrid product, and about topography, from a publicly available high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM). As a case study, we present the analysis of the response to environmental conditions in three contrasting populations of Turkey Vultures (Cathartes aura) across North America, tracked with a three-dimensional GPS-based sensor. Two populations in the east and west coasts of the United States responded similarly to weather, indicating use of both slope and thermal soaring. Continental-interior, "Plains populations," exhibited a different migratory pattern primarily indicative of thermal soaring. These differences help us understand the constraints and behaviors of soaring migrants. The track annotation approach allowed large-scale comparative study of movement in an important migratory species, and will enable similar studies at local to global scales. 相似文献
86.
Sabine Grootenboer Claire Barro Thérèse Cynober P. Olivier Schischmanoff Jean-Marc Ayoubi Gil Tchernia Jean Delaunay Jean-Claude Pons 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(13):1114-1118
Dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHS) is a rare congenital hemolytic anemia. We observed that some patients had presented with different prenatal or perinatal forms of edema in some kindreds. Within weeks or months after birth, these exhibited a spontaneous, complete and definitive resorption. We assumed that some DHS patients, who were born without edema before ultrasound was available, might nonetheless have exhibited this during the prenatal period. The present report follows up the first pregnancy in a woman with overt DHS, but not herself having a known history of perinatal effusions. Ultrasound revealed that the fetus displayed ascites that disappeared prior to birth. The neonate had DHS. Prenatal edema must therefore be more frequent in DHS than known until now. DHS is another cause of prenatal edema to be considered in the differential diagnosis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
87.
88.
Rogelio Cruz-Martínez Adolfo Etchegaray Saulo Molina-Giraldo Belen Nieto-Castro Enrique Gil Guevara Joaquin Bustillos Miguel Martínez-Rodríguez Alma Gámez-Varela Daniel Saldivar-Rodríguez Erendira Chávez-González Rodolfo Keller Ricardo Russo Eduardo Yepez-García Fausto Coronel-Cruz Johnatan Torres-Torres Alejandro Rojas-Macedo Daniel Ibarra-Ríos Ricardo Ordorica-Flores Jaime Nieto-Zermeño Manuel Alcocer-Alcocer 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(7):519-526
89.
Brooding, embryonic and larval development, and the influence of environmental and biological factors in tidepool habitats
were studied in the sea star, Anasterias minuta, at various sites along ~220 km of the Patagonian coast. This species has a benthic, lecithotrophic development that includes
eight distinct developmental stages. A larval organ, the connection cord, is developed from a small preoral lobe at early
stages of development and becomes larger and thinner at advanced stages. Fecundity and average egg size increased with female
body size. The regression of log egg number to log sea-star size and weight at different sites had a slope significantly less
than 3.0, resulting in negative allometry and indicating that brood capacity was limited in large females. Development was
generally synchronous among sites, but varied within each brood at advanced stages, with more developed brooded larvae located
at the periphery of the brood mass. Brooding was synchronous among various populations at different years and spatial scales,
and extended over a period of 8 months. The highest proportion of brooding females occurred during May and June (austral winter).
Juveniles were released mainly during September. The likelihood of finding brooding sea stars decreased with increasing sea
water temperature, tidal height, and wave exposure, and increased with increasing body size. Both body size of brooding females
and brooding rate were higher in the infralittoral fringe than at midlittoral levels. A revision of the current model of brooding
behavior and development among forcipulate sea stars is given. 相似文献
90.
Gil Koplovitz James B. McClintock Charles D. Amsler Bill J. Baker 《Marine Biology》2011,158(12):2661-2671
The present study analyzed the bioactivity of whole body extracts from six solitary and eight colonial ascidian taxa against
20 sympatric bacterial isolates and one sympatric diatom species from the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Ascidians had crude
lipophilic and hydrophilic extracts assayed against 20 bacterial strains. The lipophilic extract of one ascidian caused growth
inhibition in all bacterial isolates at 3× tissue-level concentrations. The lipophilic and hydrophilic extracts were fractionated
into seawater-soluble and insoluble fractions and assayed at three concentrations against a sympatric diatom species. Significant
diatom mortality was detected at 3× and 1× concentrations in all but one ascidian taxon. Lipophilic fractions caused higher
diatom mortality than hydrophilic extracts. The specificity of secondary metabolites against diatom fouling and the lack of
activity against bacteria suggest high selective pressure for chemical defenses against diatom fouling or the potential that
bacterial pathogens are controlled by the ascidian immune system. 相似文献