变更管理中HAZOP分析的应用

通过分析变更相关的事故案例,指出变更管理的重要性及存在的问题,并结合上海石化开展HAZOP分析感受,提出结合HAZOP分析工具进行变更管理的实施方法,以避免工厂在工艺技术或设备设施变更过程中导致灾难性的工艺安全事故。     

Adsorption and degradation of triazophos, chlorpyrifos and their main hydrolytic metabolites in paddy soil from Chaohu Lake, China

Triazophos and chlorpyrifos are organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), and their primary hydrolytic metabolites are 1-phenyl-3-hydroxy-1,2,4-triazole (BZC) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP). In this study, the adsorption and degradation of triazophos, chlorpyrifos, BZC and TCP were investigated in paddy soil from Chaohu Lake, China. Adsorption tests demonstrated that the adsorption of these compounds to soils could be described by the Freundlich equation. Moreover, chlorpyrifos displayed the highest affinity for adsorption, followed by triazophos, BZC and TCP. Degradation of these compounds in non-sterile soil followed first-order exponential decay kinetics, and the half-life (t(1/2)) of these contaminants ranged from 8.40 to 44.34 d. Sterilization of soil decreased the degradation rate, indicating that microorganisms played a significant role in the degradation of these compounds. The values of t(1/2) and K(oc) were fitted to obtain models that could predict the leaching potential of the contaminants from soil. Compared to their parent compounds, BZC and TCP showed high potential for leaching into groundwater. The inoculation of OPs-degrading bacterium (Diaphorobacter sp. GS-1) removed 95.38%, 100% and 100% of triazophos, chlorpyrifos and BZC in paddy soil after 21 d, respectively. The pollution risk of triazophos, chlorpyrifos and BZC could be greatly decreased by inoculating soil with Diaphorobacter sp. GS-1, which decreases the t(1/2) of the contaminants.     

柳江盆地亮甲山矿山地质环境治理恢复方案研究

通过对位于柳江盆地国家级自然保护区内的亮甲山矿山开采引起的矿山地质环境破坏进行调查,发现矿区存在崩塌、滑坡及泥石流等地质灾害,水土流失剧烈,自然景观破坏严重,影响了自然保护区建设和当地旅游、科研教学的发展,须进行矿山地质环境恢复治理,方案采取工程措施和生物措施相结合的方式进行综合治理,以消除矿区地质灾害隐患,恢复矿区生态地貌景观。     

赵各庄煤矿矿井排水资源化综合利用研究

赵各庄矿井排水主要为巷道涌水及奥灰水疏水降压排水,排水量大;巷道涌水悬浮物、矿化度均较高,Cd、Pb含量超标,奥灰水疏水降压排水水质良好。针对矿井排水水量、水质特征,给出了矿井排水处理方式及利用规划,可使矿井水得到综合利用,取得良好的水资源化效益。     

台风暴雨灾害风险区划更新实证分析

在缺失原始资料情况下,通过加权处理旧区划图和新的资料,是区划图更新的一个重要途径。以广东省台风暴雨灾害为例,说明如何应用加权更新模型进行区划图更新,并对其进行了检验。实例证明,在原区划理论和方法不变的情况下,通过加权处理新旧资料,可以满意地更新自然灾害风险区划图。     

超临界水氧化分散染料分子研究

在380～460℃,20-30MPa条件下,对分散红60染料分子在超临界水中氧化降解情况进行了研究.结果表明,随着反应温度,压力和氧化剂量增加,废水中有机物(以CODCr表示)去除率逐步上升.染料分子在很短时间内被氧化分解生成以苯酚、苯甲酸、邻苯二甲酸为主的中间产物.推导得出了分散红染料分子在超临界水中的降解路径.     

大型油库固定消防设施的应用

随着国民经济的高速发展,石油、化工、机场、码头、船舶、石油平台、电站、隧道工程等新建、扩建、改建项目越来越多,泡沫消防系统的规模也越来越大。2006年和2007年发生的两次油罐火灾事故,我们更加认识到固定消防设施的重要。这两次火灾,都是因为发现及时,在最快时间     

Exploring uncertainty of the change from ICD-9 to ICD-10 on acute mortality effects of air pollution

The change in ICD coding from ICD-9 to ICD-10 may produce inconsistencies and discontinuities in cause-specific mortality, thus impacting on effects estimates of air pollution on mortality. The current study was conducted in Wuhan, China. We examined the concordant rates and Kappa statistics using the mortality data from the year 2002 coded with both ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes and compared the estimated effects of air pollution using the Generalized Additive Model in R. We found high concordant rates (>99.3%) and Kappa statistics close to 1.0 (>0.98). Little difference was identified in the estimated effects of air pollution on daily cardiovascular, stroke, cardiac, cardiopulmonary, and respiratory mortality. This study provides evidence that, based on the wide definitions of cause-specific morality typically used in the studies of time-series air pollution mortality, the change in the ICD coding does not significantly affect the estimated effects of air pollution.     

ABR处理淀粉废水的研究

探讨了厌氧折流板反应器（ABR）的运行机理,并研究了启动阶段在不同的水力条件和容积负荷下,对有机负荷为1.2-3.6 kgCODcr/（m^3·d）淀粉溶液的CODcr去除率,以及ABR工艺运行过程中的影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明,在启动阶段中低负荷反应条件下：①HRT12 h、CODcr600 mg/L、容积负荷1.2 kgCOD-cr/（m3·d）②HRT12 h、CODcr1 200 mg/L、容积负荷2.4 kgCODcr/（m3.d）;③HRT8 h、CODcr1 200 mg/L、容积负荷3.6 kgCODcr/（m3.d）,ABR反应器对CODcr均有较高的去除率。运行稳定后,ABR反应器的CODcr去除率在80%左右。