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51.
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Pao-Wen Grace Liu Richard Johnson 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):1472-1489
Abstract A modified time series approach, a Box-Jenkins regression with time series errors (RTSE) model plus a principal component (PC) trigger, has been developed to forecast peak daily 1-hr ozone (O3) in real time at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee North (UWM-N) during 1999 and 2002. The PC trigger acts as a predictor variable in the RTSE model. It tries to answer the question: will the next day be a possible high O3 day? To answer this question, three PC trigger rules were developed: (1) Hi-Low Checklist, (2) Discriminant Function Approach I, and (3) Discriminant Function Approach II. Also, a pure RTSE model without including the PC trigger and a persistence approach were tested for comparison. The RTSE model with DFA I successfully forecast the only two 1-hr federal exceedances (124 ppb), one in 1999 and one in 2002. In terms of the O3 100-ppb exceedances, 60–80% of the incorrect forecasts occurred with incorrect PC decisions. A few others may have been caused by unexpected O3- weather relations. When the three approaches used UWM-N data to forecast a 100-ppb exceedance somewhere in the Milwaukee, WI, metropolitan area, their performance was dramatically improved: the false alarm rate was reduced from 0.89 to 0.44, and the probability of detection was increased from 0.71 to 0.88. 相似文献
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Rashama Charles Ijoma Grace N. Matambo Tonderayi S. 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(4):1623-1632
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Phytochemicals in avocado oil processing byproducts were evaluated in this study. This information was used to make inferences use of these... 相似文献
55.
The purpose of this paper is to establish a definitive measure for a recycling rate in various countries. Numerous measures have been used in the past and have been based on a variety of assumptions, so that the literature has become very difficult to interpret. The objective here is to assess and explain how a recycling rate has been established such that it is unambiguous and serves as a reference point for future work. It then becomes possible to compare and contrast the recycling effort in different countries, and determine the potential for increased activity. 相似文献
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Transformation of a non-oestrogenic steroid metabolite to an oestrogenically active substance by minimal bacterial activity 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The majority of oestrogenic material excreted from humans and wildlife, and therefore released into sewers, is in a conjugated form. However, the finding of “free” oestrogens in sewage effluent suggests that these metabolites are somehow converted back into an active form, before or during passage through a sewage treatment process. When male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were continuously exposed to oestradiol-3-glucuronide, in a continuous-flow system, it demonstrated no inherent oestrogenic activity. However, when fish were exposed to effluent generated from laboratory simulations of sewage treatment processes, to which had been added oestradiol-3-glucuronide, oestrogenic activity was observed, suggesting microbial activity was capable of degrading the steroid metabolite into a more potent oestrogen. Oestrogenic potency was determined by measuring changes in plasma vitellogenin (egg yolk precursor) concentrations and gonadosomatic index. The results suggest that inactive metabolites of steroids are very readily biotransformed into biologically active oestrogens. 相似文献
58.
Katrina?M.?J.?Lacey Grace?P.?McCormackEmail author Brendan?F.?Keegan Richard?Powell 《Marine Biology》2005,147(5):1149-1154
This molecular phylogenetic analysis of 18S ribosomal RNA (18SrDNA) gene sequences from 16 species of holothuroid, suggests
strong support for an alternative taxonomic scheme to replace the existing classification. When trees drawn from the 18S rDNA
data were constrained to show expected relationships between the holothourid orders, they were significantly worse than the
best tree under SH tests. These analyses indicated strongly that the subclass Aspidochirotacea is paraphyletic. Sequences
from the order Dendrochirotida grouped with aspidochiroitid sequences, with high bootstrap support, to the exclusion of the
elasipod sequence. In line with recent morphological studies the order Apodida were a basal sister group to the other three
holothuroid orders examined and the Dendrochirotida was a derived holothuroid order.
Brendan F. Keegan, Richard Powell: R.I.P 相似文献
59.
Williams Paula Alessa Lilian Abatzoglou John T. Kliskey Andrew Witmer Frank Lee Olivia Trammell Jamie Beaujean Grace Venema Rieken 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(2):547-559
Regional Environmental Change - Many papers have addressed the differing approaches to observation by scientists collecting instrumented data and by community or local knowledge-based observations.... 相似文献
60.
Jennifer L. Cochran‐Biederman Katherine E. Wyman William E. French Grace L. Loppnow 《Conservation biology》2015,29(1):175-186
Reintroduction of imperiled native freshwater fish is becoming an increasingly important conservation tool amidst persistent anthropogenic pressures and new threats related to climate change. We summarized trends in native fish reintroductions in the current literature, identified predictors of reintroduction outcome, and devised recommendations for managers attempting future native fish reintroductions. We constructed random forest classifications using data from 260 published case studies of native fish reintroductions to estimate the effectiveness of variables in predicting reintroduction outcome. The outcome of each case was assigned as a success or failure on the basis of the author's perception of the outcome and on whether or not survival, spawning, or recruitment were documented during post‐reintroduction monitoring. Inadequately addressing the initial cause of decline was the best predictor of reintroduction failure. Variables associated with habitat (e.g., water quality, prey availability) were also good predictors of reintroduction outcomes, followed by variables associated with stocking (e.g., genetic diversity of stock source, duration of stocking event). Consideration of these variables by managers during the planning process may increase the likelihood for successful outcomes in future reintroduction attempts of native freshwater fish. Identificación de Correlaciones de Éxito y Fracaso de Reintroducciones de Peces de Nativos Agua Dulce 相似文献