Benthic Infaunal Composition and Distribution at an Intertidal Wetland Mudflat

Benthic infaunal communities at Mai Po Inner Deep Bay mudflat, Hong Kong were investigated between August 2002 and August 2003. A total of 55 species belonging to 8 Phyla from more than 99,074 specimens were recorded. The species richness varied between 13 at Station B in August 2002 and 28 at Station D in August 2003 with an average of 21 across the mudflat and the species diversity was low [H′(log₂) = 0.7–3.5 with an average H′ = 2.4]. Seasonal variations were also observed through abundance and biomass across the mudflat among the seasons. The abundance density was between 8,977 individuals m⁻² at Station D in February 2003 and 77,256 individuals m⁻² at Station B in November 2002 and the overall average density was 25,274 individuals m⁻² for the four stations. The benthic infauna were dominated by pollution tolerant species at this wetland mudflat.     

一体化平板膜装置回收靛蓝染料的小试研究

文章采用自主研发的一体化平板膜靛蓝回收装置对印染废水进行了小试研究。此工艺采用投加H2O2氧化染液的方式析出靛蓝结晶并采用平板膜处理的方式不断浓缩靛蓝并将浓缩液回用于染色工段,保证了染料回用的效果。对装置中预处理单元,氧化单元,膜过滤单元等主．要参数进行了优化。研究结果表明．该装置氧化单元H2O2最佳投加量为15ml／L,最佳氧化pH=3;最佳过膜条件pH=4,连续曝气,开停比4：3;膜清洗采用水力冲洗后NaC10浸泡2h的方法,通量恢复近100％。在该最佳工况下,装置不仅能够高效回收靛蓝染料,回收效率达到99．5％,同时废水水质得到极大改善,SS平均去除93．9％,浊度下降100％,色度下降98．4％。     

粉煤灰基质滤料处理含锰废水的研究

通过静态吸附试验研究了粉煤灰基质滤料对废水中Mn2+的吸附性能,主要探讨了滤料投加量、吸附时间、原水浓度、振荡频率等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明:随着投加量增加,Mn2+去除率提高,单位吸附量线性下降;随着吸附时间延长,Mn2+去除率提高,超过80 min后提高幅度变缓,吸附过程符合二级动力学模型;振荡频率的增大对吸附有一定的促进作用,但超过200 r/min后提高不明显。     

铁岭市城市交通噪声测点优化的研究

通过在48条交通路段进行布点监测,监测数据采用模糊聚类分析的方法,优化出切合实际的铁岭市城市交通噪声的测点.     

生态修复技术在富营养化水库水质改善中的应用研究

2006年初对广东省大镜山水库实施了生态修复工程,工程运行一年后,对该生态修复工程的效果进行了分析,结果表明：生态修复技术实施一年后,大镜山水库富营养化水平明显降低。与进水口（C区）相比,生态修复工程区（A、B区）透明度增加,氮、磷营养盐含量都有不同程度的降低。生态修复工程区TN、NH4-N与C区同期比最大降幅分别达19.6%、90.4%,TP、PO4-P同期比最大降幅分别达49.5%、67.5%,同时生态修复工程区内的叶绿素浓度也明显低于C区。     

A cross‐level model of shared leadership,meaning, and individual creativity

Research on leadership and creativity is dominated by the study of leadership from people in formal leadership positions. The very nature of creativity requires self‐direction, however. This points to shared leadership, a process in which members dynamically share the leadership role, as a particularly relevant influence to consider. Drawing on psychological empowerment theory, we develop the shared leadership perspective on individual creativity. We argue that shared leadership has a cross‐level influence on individual creativity that is mediated by the experience of meaning of work and moderated by individual differences in power distance value: for individuals lower on power distance, shared leadership has a positive linear relationship with individual creativity; for individuals higher on power distance, shared leadership has a curvilinear relationship with individual creativity that is decreasingly positive. Using a sample of 623 members from 95 teams in 34 Chinese organizations, we find support for this multilevel model. Findings offer theoretical implications for shared leadership and creativity research and provide managerial implications.     

几种复合载体材料固定化活性污泥的性能及在废水中的应用

制备了几种复合载体材料固定化活性污泥小球,比较了固定化活性污泥的性能及对废水COD的去除率。结果表明,固定化活性污泥比游离态的活性污泥对废水COD的去除率高,其中藻酸钠复合活性炭及壳聚糖复合硅藻土固定化活性污泥对废水COD的去除率较好,当取代度为1.54的羧甲基壳聚糖复合硅藻土固定化活性污泥,废水COD去除率最大4,8 h去除率可达61.2%。     

Total pollution effect of urban surface runoff

For pollution research with regard to urban surface runo , most sampling strategies to date have focused on di erences in land usage. With single land-use sampling, total surface runo pollution e ect cannot be evaluated unless every land usage spot is monitored. Through a new sampling strategy known as mixed stormwater sampling for a street community at discharge outlet adjacent to river, this study assessed the total urban surface runo pollution e ect caused by a variety of land uses and the pollutants washed o from the rain pipe system in the Futian River watershed in Shenzhen City of China. The water quality monitoring indices were COD (chemical oxygen demand), TSS (total suspend solid), TP (total phosphorus), TN (total nitrogen) and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand). The sums of total pollution loads discharged into the river for the four indices of COD, TSS, TN, and TP over all seven rainfall events were very di erent. The mathematical model for simulating total pollution loads was established from discharge outlet mixed stormwater sampling of total pollution loads on the basis of four parameters: rainfall intensity, total land area, impervious land area, and pervious land area. In order to treat surface runo pollution, the values of MFF30 (mass first flush ratio) and FF30 (first 30% of runo volume) can be considered as split-flow control criteria to obtain more e ective and economical design of structural BMPs (best management practices) facilities.     

人工湿地污水处理系统中氧化亚氮的释放规律研究

利用静态箱-气相色谱法研究了潜流和表面流人工湿地系统中N2O的释放规律和相关的氨氧化细菌.结果表明,潜流和表面流人工湿地的N2O平均通量分别为296.5μg.(m2.h)-1和28.2μg.(m2.h)-1,总体上均表现为大气N2O的排放源,前者的N2O平均释放通量高于农田、森林、草原和沼泽湿地等生态系统,潜流方式促进了N2O的释放.潜流和表面流人工湿地N2O通量有较大的月份差异和明显的日变化特征,最高值出现在7月,分别为(762.9±239.3)μg.(m2.h)-1和(91.9±20.3)μg.(m2.h)-1,一天中的极大值和极小值分别出现在中午和凌晨.温度和芦苇的生长情况对N2O通量有一定的影响.人工湿地系统进水端,较高浓度的污水和充足的碳、氮源,促进了硝化和反硝化过程,使得N2O通量均高于出水端.克隆结果表明,人工湿地污水处理系统中与N2O产生相关的氨氧化细菌主要为Nitrosomonas和Nitrosospira.     

Seasonal variation of potential denitrification rates of surface sediment from Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, China

The regulatory effects of environmental factors on denitrification were studied in the sediments of Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, in a monthly sampling campaign over a one-year period. Denitrification rates were measured in slurries of field samples and enrichment experiments using the acetylene inhibition technique. Sediment denitrification rates in inner bay and outer bay ranged from 2.8 to 51.5 nmol N2/(g dw (dry weight)·hr) and from 1.5 to 81.1 nmol N2/(g dw·hr), respectively. Sediment denitrification rates were greatest in the spring and lowest in the summer and early autumn, due primarily to seasonal differences in nitrate concentration and water temperature. For each site, positive and linear relationships were regularly observed between denitrification rate and water columnn itrate concentration. Of various environmental factors on denitrification that we assessed, nitrate was determined to be the key factor limiting denitrification rates in the sediments of Meiliang Bay. In addition, at the two sites denitrification rates were also regulated by temperature. The addition of organic substrates had no significant effect on denitrification rate, indicating that sediment denitrification was not limited by organic carbon availability in the sediments. Nitrate in the water column was depleted during summer and early autumn, and this suppressed effective removal of nitrogen from Taihu Lake by denitrification.