Laboratory assessment of uptake and toxicity of lanthanum (La) in the leaves of Hydrocharis dubia (Bl.) Backer

Increasing amounts of lanthanum (La) is released into aquatic environments. However, little information is available on the influence of La on aquatic plants. In this study, physiological and ultrastructural responses of Hydrocharis dubia (Bl.) Backer leaves to elevated concentrations of La (up to 160???M) were investigated. The accumulation of La was found to be increased in a concentration-dependent manner. La disturbed the intrinsic balance of nutrient elements (P, Mg, Ca, Fe, K, and Zn). Pigment content decreased with the rise of the La concentrations and the EC₅₀ value for chlorophyll was 20???M on day?7. The antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, reduced ascorbate, and reduced glutathione) exhibited varied response to the La treatments. Malondialdehyde content enhanced gradually at all La concentrations. The enhancement in proline content was found in a concentration-dependent manner. The amounts of three polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 61.9, 51.5, and 16.7?kDa, respectively, were gradually diminished, as well as one existing polypeptides with apparent molecular weight of 22.3?kDa, elevating in response to increasing La concentrations. Significant damage to the chloroplast, mitochondrion, and nucleus was imposed by La indicated a general disarray in the cellular functions. The negative effects of La on H. dubia unequivocally indicate that La could exert an adverse influence on aquatic ecosystem and should lead to a more careful discharge of such elements into water environment.     

我国的固体废物处理处置现状与发展

本文在对固体废物的污染状况、管理中存在的问题,现有技术水平以及社会需求进行分析的基础上,提出了建立了区域性集中处理处置技术体系的观点及应考虑优先发展的处理处置技术。     

基于数值统计的浅埋地下结构地震动强度指标与抗震性能水平划分研究∗

现阶段地下结构易损性分析还处于初步研究阶段,以单层双跨的日本大开车站为原型,建立了土与单层地下结构动力相互作用的有限元模型。首先根据地震动的频率,选取地震动;再采用增量动力时程分析方法（IDA）,给出了地下结构地震损伤状态的判定与定量划分方法,最后挑选出合适的地震强度指标（IM）。分析结果表明,基于 PGA（地表峰值加速度）/PGV（地表峰值速度）分类的地震动记录在 IDA 曲线上表现出显著的差异,地震动选取的合理性以及随机性是地下结构地震易损性曲线客观性的重要保证;峰值地面加速度（PGA）与场地土层顶底峰值相对位移（PSSRD）均可作为该类浅埋矩形地下结构地震易损性分析的有效且合适的地震动强度指标。基于场地的非线性地震反应特征,对于深埋地下结构的地震动强度指标还有待进一步研究。     

Competition gives way to cooperation:rethinking Sino-Indian relations in climate change negotiations

In global climate change politics,China and India have worked closely with each other,representing two big emitters from the developing world.This article reviews Sino-Indian cooperation during four UN climate change negotiations from 2009 to 2012.Their collaboration echoed the perception of neorealism in international relations(IR) studies that states will seek "external balancing" for maximizing national "relative gains".China and India are expected to continue their cooperation on climate change issues when sharing the same structural position as big economies and big emitters,the same pressure in carbon emission reductions,and the same goal of improving living standards for their citizens.Encountering the devastating impacts of climate change and the deadlock in responsibility division in current global climate change governance,this work seeks to shed light on the evolving multilateral governance environment and its complex implications for Sino-Indian relations from an IR perspective.     

复合酶生物促进剂在底泥生物修复中的应用

通过测定河道底泥中微生物的生化呼吸线来表征复合酶生物促进剂对河道自净过程的影响。研究结果表明复合酶生物促进剂对微生物具有激活作用,使微生物的累积耗氧量明显增加,有效地提升了水体的自净能力。复合酶生物促进剂能够有效地修复受萘污染的底泥,修复后底泥中多环芳烃萘的释放量和有机质的含量均明显低于对照样,并可显著降低底泥对上覆水...     

温度对蚯蚓处理城镇污泥稳定化过程的影响

在蚯蚓堆肥过程中,温度会对微生物和蚯蚓活性产生影响,进而影响堆肥效率.将城镇脱水污泥制成5 mm的颗粒,通过比较3个温度条件下(15、20、25℃)赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)处理城镇污泥过程中理化、生化指标的变化,研究温度对蚯蚓堆肥稳定化过程的影响.结果显示,在整个稳定化过程中,随温度升高,有机质(OM)、微生物量碳(MBC)降低,电导率(EC)、NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N升高,而脱氢酶活性(DHA)随温度变化不具有明显规律性.主成分分析(PCA)结果表明,蚯蚓堆肥稳定化过程依次经历以有机质生物降解、氨化和硝化为特征的3个阶段.以蚯蚓适宜生长温度控制蚯蚓堆肥,将更有利于蚯蚓与微生物协同作用的高效发挥.温度能改变蚯蚓堆肥的稳定化效率,但并不改变稳定化路径.     

基于熵权可拓物元模型的城市轨道交通线路运营风险评价

为全面、客观地了解城市轨道交通线路的运营风险,通过分析轨道交通线路历史故障的原因,构建了线路运营风险评价指标体系,并基于熵权可拓物元模型提出评价方法。该方法利用数理统计划分评价指标的经典域,利用熵权模型计算指标权重,利用可拓物元模型计算综合评价值和风险等级。结果表明:所构建的轨道交通线路运营风险评估指标体系切实可行;基于熵权可拓物元模型提出的评价方法能客观有效地评估线路运营风险,同时有助于有针对性地加强线路运营风险管理。     

浅析黑龙江省发展新能源的环境效益和社会效益

通过对我省发展新能源的环境条件和生态环境现状的阐述,分析了黑龙江省新能源发展的环境效益和社会效益。     

液体喷砂射流加工工艺参数的选择原则

介绍液体喷砂射流加工工艺参数的作用及一般的选择原则。全文共分四部分：１．参数种类；２．参数选择范围；３．参数分类；４．变量参数的确定。     

干旱地区填埋危险废物的可行性分析

本文通过评述填埋法处置危险废物的环境影响，阐明其主要制约因素除占用土地资源外，还包括所生产的浸出液受气候、水文等外在条件污染地下水源。提出了利用干旱地区的独特自然优势填埋危险废物的可行性。