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71.
Martín-Duque JF Pedraza J Sanz MA Bodoque JM Godfrey AE Díez A Carrasco RM 《Environmental management》2003,32(4):488-498
Landform-based physiographic maps, also called land systems inventories, have been widely and successfully used in undeveloped/rural areas in several locations, such as Australia, the western United States, Canada, and the British ex-colonies. This paper presents a case study of their application in a developed semi-urban/suburban area (Segovia, Spain) for land use planning purposes. The paper focuses in the information transfer process, showing how land use decision-makers, such as governments, planners, town managers, etc., can use the information developed from these maps to assist them. The paper also addresses several issues important to the development and use of this information, such as the goals of modern physiography, the types of landform-based mapping products, the problem of data management in developed areas, and the distinctions among data, interpretations, and decisions. 相似文献
72.
Exposure of workers in mineral processing industries in Brazil 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Lipsztein JL da Cunha KM Azeredo AM Julião L Santos M Melo DR Simões Filho FF 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2001,54(1):189-199
The mining, milling and processing of uranium and thorium bearing minerals may result in radiation doses to workers. A preliminary survey pilot program, that included six mines in Brazil (two coal mines, one niobium mine, one nickel mine, one gold mine and one phosphate mine), was launched in order to determine the need to control the radioactive exposure of the mine-workers. Our survey consisted of the collection and analysis of urine samples, complemented by feces and air samples. The concentrations of uranium, thorium and polonium were measured in these samples and compared to background data from family members of the workers living in the same dwelling and from residents from the general population of Rio de Janeiro. The results from the coal mines indicated that the inhalation of radon progeny may be a source of occupational exposure. The workers from the nickel, gold and phosphate mines that were visited do not require a program to control internal radiological doses. The niobium mine results showed that in some areas of the industry exposure to thorium and uranium might occur. 相似文献
73.
Nelzair A. Vianna Daniel Gonçalves Flavia Brandão Roberta P. de Barros Gilberto M. Amado Filho Rodrigo O. Meire João Paulo M. Torres Olaf Malm Argemiro D’Oliveira Júnior Leonardo R. Andrade 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(3):416-427
Purpose
The aims of this paper were to quantify the heavy metals (HM) in the air of different sites in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Salvador (SA) using Tillandsia usneoides (Bromeliaceae) as a biomonitor, and to study the morphology and elemental composition of the air particulate matter (PM) retained on the Tillandsia surface. 相似文献74.
O. E. Diekmann L. Gouveia J. A. Perez C. Gil-Rodriguez E. A. Serrão 《Marine Biology》2010,157(9):2109-2115
Seagrasses and their habitat are declining worldwide. Zostera noltii in the Canary Islands has been drastically reduced, mainly by anthropogenic disturbance, to three small surviving patches
in a single harbor in Lanzarote. A previous genetic study, using neutral microsatellite markers, revealed that these patches
consist of a single clonal individual. Here, an assignment test, using microsatellite data, was used to locate the most likely
population of origin from a set of possible donor populations. Our results show that the Moulay Bousselham population in northern
Morocco is assigned as the most likely population of origin (88%), although the probability of being at one generation time
distance is low (2.7%). This result, however, allows locating the most closely related stands that may be the most successful
donor populations for future restoration based on shoot or seed transplantation. 相似文献
75.
J. C. M. Pires A. L. Gonçalves F. G. Martins M. C. M. Alvim-Ferraz M. Simões 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2014,19(7):1109-1117
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the primary greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change. Consequently, emission reduction technologies will be needed to reduce CO2 atmospheric concentration. Microalgae may have an important role in this context. They are photosynthetic microorganisms that are able to fix atmospheric CO2 using solar energy with efficiency ten times higher than terrestrial plants. The objectives of this study were: (i) to analyse the effect of light supply on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata; (ii) to assess the atmospheric CO2 capture by these microalgae; and (iii) to determine the parameters of the Monod model that describe the influence of irradiance on the growth of the selected microalgae. Both microalgae presented higher growth rates with high irradiance values and discontinuous light supply. The continuous supply of light at the highest irradiance value was not beneficial for C. vulgaris due to photooxidation. Additionally, C. vulgaris achieved the highest CO2 fixation rate with the value of 0.305 g-CO2 L?1 d?1. The parameters of the Monod model demonstrated that C. vulgaris can achieve higher specific growth rates (and higher CO2 fixation rates) if cultivated under higher irradiances than the studied values. The presented results showed that microalgal culture is a promising strategy for CO2 capture from atmosphere. 相似文献
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Sebastião Roberto Soares Alexandra Rodrigues Finotti Vamilson Prudêncio da Silva Rodrigo A.F. Alvarenga 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(1):175-183
The establishment of rules to manage Health Care Waste (HCW) is a challenge for the public sector. Regulatory agencies must ensure the safety of waste management alternatives for two very different profiles of generators: (1) hospitals, which concentrate the production of HCW and (2) small establishments, such as clinics, pharmacies and other sources, that generate dispersed quantities of HCW and are scattered throughout the city. To assist in developing sector regulations for the small generators, we evaluated three management scenarios using decision-making tools. They consisted of a disinfection technique (microwave, autoclave and lime) followed by landfilling, where transportation was also included. The microwave, autoclave and lime techniques were tested at the laboratory to establish the operating parameters to ensure their efficiency in disinfection. Using a life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost analysis, the decision-making tools aimed to determine the technique with the best environmental performance. This consisted of evaluating the eco-efficiency of each scenario. Based on the life cycle assessment, microwaving had the lowest environmental impact (12.64 Pt) followed by autoclaving (48.46 Pt). The cost analyses indicated values of US$ 0.12 kg?1 for the waste treated with microwaves, US$ 1.10 kg?1 for the waste treated by the autoclave and US$ 1.53 kg?1 for the waste treated with lime. The microwave disinfection presented the best eco-efficiency performance among those studied and provided a feasible alternative to subsidize the formulation of the policy for small generators of HCW. 相似文献