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941.
Long Zhou Thomas Woodfin Tian Chen Kun Song 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2018,61(3):430-450
A city's spatial footprint is covered by extensive impervious building roofs and paved surfaces, which contribute to greater storm-water runoff, more surface pollutants, and less carbon sequestration, hence, worse ecosystem services. This research conducts an empirical study on the ecological and economic impacts of a citywide adoption of green roofs and permeable pavements in Corvallis, OR. The effects on ecosystem services of using green roofs and pervious pavements for a low impact development are modelled using Integrated Value of Ecosystem Services Trade-offs and compared to those from the City's current conventional development without green roofs and pervious pavements. The differences are analysed for ecological impact by storm-water yield, storm-water purification, and carbon sequestration and economic impact by a cost-benefit comparison. The results indicate that low impact development, especially intensive green roofs on commercial/industrial buildings and permeable pavements for parking lots, plays a significant role, even with a higher initial implementation cost, for long-term urban sustainability. 相似文献
942.
为研究海洋生态系统中PH3的迁移转化规律及其产生机制,2006年12月对苏北海域表层沉积物中磷化氢(PH3)、总磷(TP)、无机磷(IP)、有机磷(OP)及有机质(OM)的分布进行了系统分析和讨论。结果表明,PH3在苏北海域表层沉积物中普遍存在,含量在[(2.63±0.38)~(39.35±5.49)]×10-12之间,最大值出现在长江口,最小值出现在辐射沙洲海域。辐射沙洲海域TP和IP的含量较低,长江口及吕四一带含量相对较高,且沿着长江入海方向逐渐减少。OP和OM分布的总体趋势是由南至北,由西到东含量逐渐减小,长江口及吕四港一带含量较高。区与区间PH3与TP、IP及OP的相关性分析表明,IP作为PH3的生成前体物可能性比OP高。 相似文献
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944.
In order to better understand the contribution of nutrients regeneration pathway, release potential and transformation pattern to cyanobacterial growth and succession, 7 sampling sites in Lake Chaohu with different bloom degree were studied every two months from February to November 2018. The carbon, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) forms or fractions in surface, interstitial water and sediments as well as extracellular enzymatic activities, P sorption, specific microbial abundance and community composition in sediments were analyzed. P regeneration pathway was dominated by iron-bound P desorption and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria solubilization in severe-bloom and slight-bloom area respectively, which both resulted in high soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) accumulation in interstitial water. However, in severe-bloom area, higher P release potential caused the strong P release and algal growth, compared to slight-bloom area. In spring, P limitation and N selective assimilation of Dolichospermum facilitated nitrate accumulation in surface water, which provided enough N source for the initiation of Microcystis bloom. In summer, the accumulated organic N in Dolichospermum cells during its bloom was re-mineralized as ammonium to replenish N source for the sustainable development of Microcystis bloom. Furthermore, SRP continuous release led to the replacement of Dolichospermum by Microcystis with the advantage of P quick utilization, transport and storage. Taken together, the succession from Dolichospermum to Microcystis was due to both the different forms of N and P in water column mediated by different regeneration and transformation pathways as well as release potential, and algal N and P utilization strategies. 相似文献
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948.
Preparation of colloidal gold immunochromatography strip for detection of
methamidophos residue 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Methamidophos (Met) is a broad spectrum organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide.Even a trace of its residue is harmful to humans and many animals.In this study,the synthesis and identification of colloidal gold particles and antibody-colloidal gold conjugates were performed,and the preparation of colloidal gold immunochromatography strip was conducted for detection of Met residue.The size of colloidal gold particles was checked using a transmission electron microscope (TEM).The formation of antibody-coll... 相似文献
949.
通过水热法制备了TiO_2纳米棒(TiO_2NRs)电极,然后通过液相生长法将石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)负载到TiO_2NRs电极上制备出TiO_2NRs/g-C_3N_4电极.电极的XRD和SEM表征结果表明,g-C_3N_4成功负载到了TiO_2NRs上.将TiO_2NRs/g-C_3N_4电极作为光阳极用于光电催化体系中,并于反应体系中不断曝入O_2,结果发现,与钛片相比,碳气凝胶(CA)电极作为阴极时,反应150 min后CN~-的去除率由13.4%提高到53.1%.与PC过程和EC过程相比,PEC过程对CN~-的去除效果最好.不同光阳极的对比表明,g-C_3N_4与TiO_2的复合可以大大提高阴极H_2O_2产量从而促进CN~-的去除.实验表明,外加偏压的增大可以提高体系中H_2O_2的产量从而增强CN~-的去除效果,CN~-的去除率随CN~-初始浓度的增大而减小.体系的稳定性实验表明,制备的TiO_2NRs/g-C_3N_4电极具有较好的稳定性.最后提出了通过碳气凝胶阴极利用光生电子原位产H_2O_2,强化了TiO_2NRs/g-C_3N_4复合电极作为光阳极对水中CN~-的去除效果的反应机理. 相似文献
950.
铊污染地下水的微生物修复研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
铊(Tl)是一种高毒性的重金属,具有生物蓄积性,自然界中常以Tl(I)形式存在。铊通过各种途径进入水体、土壤和沉积物等,会对环境造成严重的危害。本研究利用好氧微生物处理技术对铊污染地下水进行了修复研究。以乙酸钠为碳源,初始Tl(I)浓度为100μg/L,周期为6 d时,总铊去除率达到了63.50%。总铊去除率随着pH的升高先升高后降低,随着初始Tl(I)浓度的升高而降低。16S rRNA基因测序分析表明了铊抗性或铊氧化细菌的存在,如Stenotrophomonas、Acidovorax、Rhodococcus等,这些细菌的共同作用实现了铊的氧化与原位沉淀。本研究为铊污染地下水的微生物修复提供了理论基础,也为微生物技术修复其他重金属污染地下水提供了新的思路。 相似文献