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Setter Carine Ataíde Carlos Henrique Mendes Rafael Farinassi de Oliveira Tiago José Pires 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(7):8215-8223
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Briquetting is a technology with the potential to convert agricultural wastes into solid biofuels with improved handling, transport, storage, and... 相似文献
43.
The present study provides an evaluation of noise pollution in six Urban Parks located in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Equivalent
noise levels (L
eq) were measured in 303 points (each point measured during 3 min) spread throughout the Parks. Measured values were confronted
with local legislation (Law 10625) allowed limits, and the Parks were thus classified as “acoustically polluted or unpolluted”.
Measured values were also evaluated according to international legislation: Decree no. 12 of the City Council of Rome, DIN
18005 for German cities, the World Health Organization, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Urban parks
in the downtown area of Curitiba, surrounded by roads of heavy traffic and in the midst of intense commercial activities,
do not satisfy any of the standards used. The most noise-polluted parks in Curitiba were the Public Walk Park and the Botanical
Garden Park, with measured L
eq of 64.8 dB(A) and 67 dB(A). 相似文献
44.
This article describes the role played by the Brazilian Audit Tribunal (Tribunal de Contas da União — TCU) in the external auditing of environmental management in Brazil, highlighting the findings of an operational audit conducted in 2007 of the federal environmental licensing process. Initially, it records the constitutional and legal framework of Brazilian environmental licensing, describing the powers and duties granted to federal, state and municipal institutions. In addition, it presents the responsibilities of the TCU in the environmental area, comparing these with those of other Supreme Audit Institutions (SAI) that are members of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI).It also describes the work carried out in the operational audit of the Brazilian environmental licensing process and its main conclusions and recommendations. Finally, it draws a parallel between the findings and recommendations made in Brazil with those of academic studies and audits conducted in other countries. 相似文献
45.
José Pereira Tom H. Misselbrook David R. Chadwick João Coutinho Henrique Trindade 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(28):3413-3421
There is a lack of information on ammonia (NH3) emissions from cattle housing systems in Mediterranean countries, with most published data deriving from NW Europe. An investigation was carried out in NW Portugal to quantify NH3 emissions for the main types of dairy cattle buildings in Portugal, i.e. naturally ventilated buildings and outdoor concrete yards, and to derive robust emission factors (EFs) for these conditions and compare with EFs used elsewhere in Europe. Measurements were made throughout a 12-month period using the passive flux sampling method in the livestock buildings and the equilibrium concentration technique in outdoor yards.The mean NH3 emission factor for the whole housing system (buildings + outdoor yards) was 43.7 g NH3–N LU?1 day?1 and for outdoor concrete yards used by dairy cattle was 26.6 g NH3–N LU?1 day?1. Expressing NH3 emission in terms of the quantity of liquid milk produced gave similar values across the three dairy farms studied (with a mean of 2.3 kg N ton-milk?1 produced) and may have advantages when comparing different farming systems. In dairy houses with outdoor yards, NH3 emissions from the yard area contributed to 69–92% of total emissions from this housing system. Emissions were particularly important during spring and summer seasons from outdoor yards with NH3 emitted in this period accounting for about 72% of annual emissions from outdoor yards. Mean NH3 emission factors derived for this freestall housing system and outdoor concrete yards used by dairy cattle in Portugal were higher than those measured in northern Europe. In addition, values of animal N excretion estimated in this study were greater than official National standard values. If these emissions are typical for Portuguese dairy systems, then the current National inventory underestimates emissions from this source in NW of Portugal, because of the use of lower standard values of N excretion by dairy cattle. 相似文献
46.
Valéria R. F. da Silva Sylvia F. Mitraud Maria L. C. P. Ferraz Eduardo H. S. M. Lima Maria Thereza D. Melo Armando J. B. Santos Augusto César C. D. da Silva Jaqueline C. de Castilhos Jamyle A. F. Batista Gustave G. Lopez Frederico Tognin João Carlos Thomé Cecília Baptistotte Berenice M. Gomes da Silva José Henrique Becker Juçara Wanderline Fernanda de Vasconcellos Pegas Gonzalo Róstan Guy Guagni dei Marcovaldi Maria Ângela G. dei Marcovaldi 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2016,18(6):1541-1558
In the 35 years since its inception, the Brazilian National Program for the Conservation of Marine Turtles (TAMAR) has had great success in protecting the five species of sea turtles that occur in Brazil. It has also contributed significantly to worldwide scientific data and knowledge about these species’ biology, such as life cycles and migration patterns. TAMAR’s conservation strategies have always relied on a variety of environmental education and social inclusion (EESI) activities highly adapted to the socio-environmental evolving contexts of its 25 locations distributed across nine states. Diversity and flexibility are critical to enable timely and effective local responses to existing or potential threats to sea turtles. The intuitive, locally adapted, decentralized, and independent way EESI activities have been carried out have generated positive results in the resolution of specific and evolving local problems through the course of the project. This article brings EESI under the same conceptual framework that underlies its conservation approach by adopting an adaptive threat management framework to organize and qualify its educational and social inclusion interventions according to the main categories of threat addressed by TAMAR. 相似文献
47.
Weeberb João Réquia Júnior Henrique Llacer Roig Petros Koutrakis 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(2):232-243
Atmospheric pollution in urban centers has been one of the main causes of human illness related to the respiratory and circulatory system. Efficient monitoring of air quality is a source of information for environmental management and public health. This study investigates the spatial patterns of atmospheric pollution using a spatial multicriteria model that helps target locations for air pollution monitoring sites. The main objective was to identify high-priority areas for measuring human exposures to air pollutants as they relate to emission sources. The method proved to be viable and flexible in its application to various areas.Implications:?Spatial multicriteria models provide a tool for air pollution management in urban areas. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) modeling can help with the process of prioritizing monitoring site locations and minimizing costs. 相似文献
48.
Characterization of Atrazine-Loaded Biodegradable Poly(Hydroxybutyrate-Co-Hydroxyvalerate) Microspheres 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Renato Grillo Nathalie F. S. de Melo Renata de Lima Roberto Wagner Lourenço André Henrique Rosa Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2010,18(1):26-32
Polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate microspheres (PHBV-MS) were prepared as a delivery system for the herbicide atrazine
(ATZ). Characterization of the system included investigation of in vitro release properties and genotoxicity. ATZ − PHBV-MS
particle diameters showed a size distribution range of 1–13 μm. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses indicated that
ATZ was associated with the PHBV microparticles. The release profiles showed a different release behavior for the pure herbicide
in solution, as compared with that containing ATZ-loaded PHBV-MS. Korsmeyer–Peppas model analyses showed that atrazine release
from the microparticles occurred by a combination of diffusion through the matrix and partial diffusion through water-filled
pores of the PHBV microparticles. A Lactuca sativa test result showed that the genotoxicity of ATZ-loaded PHBV-MP was decreased in relation to ATZ alone. The results demonstrate
a viable biodegradable herbicide release system using atrazine for agrochemical purposes. 相似文献
49.
Jack H. Hatfield Jos Barlow Carlos A. Joly Alexander C. Lees Celso Henrique de Freitas Parruco Joseph A. Tobias C. David L. Orme Cristina Banks-Leite 《Conservation biology》2020,34(2):395-404
Habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation have pervasive detrimental effects on tropical forest biodiversity, but the role of the surrounding land use (i.e., matrix) in determining the severity of these impacts remains poorly understood. We surveyed bird species across an interior-edge-matrix gradient to assess the effects of matrix type on biodiversity at 49 different sites with varying levels of landscape fragmentation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest—a highly threatened biodiversity hotspot. Both area and edge effects were more pronounced in forest patches bordering pasture matrix, whereas patches bordering Eucalyptus plantation maintained compositionally similar bird communities between the edge and the interior and exhibited reduced effects of patch size. These results suggest the type of matrix in which forest fragments are situated can explain a substantial amount of the widely reported variability in biodiversity responses to forest loss and fragmentation. 相似文献
50.
Nicholas Joseph Tavares da Cruz Álvaro Guillermo Rojas Lezana Paulo da Cruz Freire dos Santos Ibsen Mateus Bittencourt Santana Pinto Claudio Zancan Gustavo Henrique Silva de Souza 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(31):24121-24134
Cemeteries and crematoria are the main funeral ways used in the world nowadays. It is a little-studied segment in the present days, mainly as for the possible environmental impacts in the environment, such as those derived from dental amalgam, prostheses, and dioxins, among other. This article aimed to identify the environmental impacts caused by cemeteries and crematoria and to point out new trends in funeral processes such as freeze-drying and alkaline hydrolysis. The study is justified due to the large part of the Brazilian population that do not know the environmental impacts caused by cemeteries and crematoria, as well as to bring information about the new processes. For that, a research was carried out with 400 people. The main results show that among all the funeral processes, the new freeze-drying process was opted by 33% of the sample. We also identified that the main reasons for choosing the funeral process were less environmental impact (28%), no after-death expenses (grave payment) (16.1%), and the possibility of putting away or throwing away the remains wherever you want (14.9%). Finally, new funeral processes were well accepted by the Brazilian population—those who were interviewed—due to their benefits. 相似文献