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831.
The effect of feeding the flagellate Isochrysis galbana (Parke; clone T-Iso) of modified lipid composition on the growth and lipid composition of juvenile scallops [Placopecten magellanicus (Gmelin)] was investigated in the spring of 1993. I. galbana grown in 85-liter cage culture turbidostats under conditions of nitrogen limitation had a significantly higher total lipid
content than when grown under nutrient-replete conditions. This was due mainly to a doubling in the amount of less unsaturated
triacylglycerol in the cells. The concentrations of methyl and ethyl ketones were also greater in nitrogen-limited cells.
Diets of nitrogen-limited I. galbana and nutrient-replete I. galbana grown in continuous and semi-continuous cultures were compared. Scallop juveniles were batch fed daily, and measurements
of ingestion were determined. Samples of juveniles were removed periodically for determination of organic weight. The juveniles
did not grow when fed nitrogen-limited or nutrient-replete I. galbana alone; however, when each diet was supplemented with 20% of the diatom Chaetoceros muelleri (Lemm.), there was a significant increase in growth in the juveniles receiving the nitrogen-limited I. galbana compared with juveniles on other diets. In comparison with I. galbana, C. muelleri provided a rich source of carbohydrates and the essential fatty acid 20:4ω6. This study shows the importance of providing
optimal dietary levels of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as less unsaturated fatty acids and carbohydrates.
Received: 29 September 1997 / Accepted: 2 October 1998 相似文献
832.
Comparisons of Genetic Diversity in the Endangered Adenophora lobophylla and Its Widespread Congener, A. potaninii 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Song Ge ‡ Ke-Qing Wang De-Yuan Hong Wen-Hui Zhang † and Yuan-Gang Zu† 《Conservation biology》1999,13(3):509-513
Abstract: Starch-gel electrophoresis was used to examine the levels and distribution of genetic diversity in two Adenophora species: the narrow endangered Adenophora lobophylla and its widespread congener, A. potaninii . Based on allozyme variation at 18 putative loci, we measured high levels of genetic variability both in the endangered and the widespread species, with 83.3% of the loci being polymorphic. The mean expected heterozygosity within populations ( H ep ) and within species ( H es ) were 0.234 and 0.244 for A. potaninii and were as high as 0.210 and 0.211 for A. lobophylla . There was higher differentiation among populations in A. potaninii ( F ST = 0.155) than in A. lobophylla ( F ST = 0.071). The high levels of genetic diversity in the present allozyme survey are consistent with the morphological variation observed in these species and may be attributed to high outcrossing rates in the Adenophora species. In addition, A. lobophylla was identified as a distinct species on the basis of Nei's genetic distances and thus should be given a high priority for protection. It is noteworthy that the endangered A. lobophylla maintains much higher genetic diversity than most endemic or narrowly distributed plant species in spite of its restricted distribution. We hypothesize that A. lobophylla has become endangered for ecological and stochastic reasons, including habitat destruction or environmental changes, mud slides, and human disturbance such as grazing and mowing. Consequently, habitat protection is of particular importance for conserving this endangered species. 相似文献
833.
城市生态系统服务功能的价值结构分析 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
本文从城市生态系统价值体系出发,探讨城市自然资本,经济资本和社会资本综合测算的理论与方法,结果表明:示范区的自然总资本以年均4%的速度递减,其真实总资本年均增长率为4.5%而不是国内生产总值的12.6%,自然资本的增减应成为衡量一个城市或区域是否实现可持续发展的核心指标。城市生态系统中自然资本由持续递减变为递增,是实现人类共同追求的可持续发展目标必由之路。 相似文献
834.
人工湿地系统用于地表水水质改善的效能及特征 总被引:27,自引:6,他引:21
在北京官厅水库附近建立潜流人工湿地(总面积:3×20m×2m),芦苇、蒲草混合种植,研究其在不同季节条件下对地表水的处理效能及特征,分析了进水浓度、水力负荷、温度对污染物去除率的影响.结果表明,系统对地表水有较好的处理效果,CODMn和NH4+-N的出水浓度与进水浓度的回归关系遵从线性关系;系统对TN、TP的去除率分别为20%~60%和30%~45%;污染物的去除率随温度的降低而降低,随水力负荷率的增加而降低;CODMn、NH4+-N和TN的去除率与其进水浓度呈正相关,而TP去除率与其进水浓度呈负相关.并研究建立了潜流湿地冬季运行管理措施. 相似文献
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840.
风险评价在中国化学品管理中的运用 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
随着人们对化学品有毒与无毒辨证关系的认识、对危害与风险联系的理解的不断深入,风险概念引入了中国化学品管理领域,影响着中国化学品管理的方式。笔者认为我国的化学品应在以下方面加强管理:①充分发挥风险评价和风险管理在新化学物质申报、新农药等新化学品登记、现有危险化学品管理、化学品建设项目影响评价等化学品管理专项领域中的作用;②风险评价应考虑中国的生物多样性、应符合中国的研究水平和管理能力现状、应结合化学品在中国的暴露方式和暴露程度;③风险管理应注重风险信息交流,制定并执行科学可行的质量标准。 相似文献