临街建筑群中交通噪声的计算机模拟

给出了临街建筑群中纵深方向的交通噪声计算机模拟预测方法。交通干道上车流采用泊松分布和等车距车流相结合模型，考虑多种车型的不同声功率级。每辆车作为一个点声源，以几何声学方法考虑直达声和有限次反射声对测点的影响。在计算程序中只要输入车流量，车流成份，建筑群中有关巷道宽度，测点在巷子纵深方向距离及背景噪声等数据，计算机便能输出Ｌ１０，Ｌ５０，Ｌ９８，Ｌｅｑ等声级值。模拟结果和实测值基本一致。     

根据断层形变剖面资料分析泾阳口镇-关山断裂活动状况

首先分析泾阳地震台1986～2005年跨口镇一关山断层定点形变观测资料,指出形变剖面各点的运动特征:1995年前泾阳台N1A测线资料基本上呈线性变化,1995～1997年该测线形变资料呈现较大的波动性异常,1998年1月5日陕西泾阳发生4.8级地震,靠近断层的点位发生了阶跃式变化,之后各点位运动渐趋于平缓.其后结合断层位错模型引起的地表形变特征,分析得出该形变变化主要由地裂和断裂活动共同引起;不考虑地震引起的异常时段,分析1986～1994以及1999～2005形变年变化量,可看出变化趋势基本一致;最后利用1986～1994形变速率进行断层蠕滑段或地裂速率及深度反演.从反演结果可以看出,基准点N1比较稳定,3号点附近的地裂较浅,底部几十米,以垂直下滑为主,兼有张裂活动;5、6号点之间的断层活动深度在1 km左右.该断层上盘仍在下降.     

Effect of oxide nanoparticles on the morphology and fluidity of phospholipid membranes and the role of hydrogen bonds

Engineered oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are widely applied in insulators, catalyzers, paints, cosmetic products, textiles and semiconductors. Their attachment on cell membrane may lead to cytotoxicity. The effects of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, SiO₂, TiO₂ and ZnO NPs on membrane integrity and fluidity were studied using giant or small unilamellar vesicles in this study. Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ NPs disrupted the oppositely charged membrane, indicating the important role of electrostatic attraction. However, Fe₂O₃, TiO₂ and ZnO NPs did not cause serious membrane disruption as Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ NPs. Membrane fluidity was evaluated by the generalized polarity (GP) values of Laurdan fluorescent emission. SiO₂ NPs induce the membrane gelation of both positively and negatively charged membrane. Al₂O₃ and ZnO NPs induced the gelation of the oppositely charged membrane, but did not cause obvious membrane gelation to the like charged membrane. The phospholipid molecular structural changes after NP exposure were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. FT-IR spectra revealed the hydrogen bond formation between NPs and the carbonyl/phosphate groups of phospholipids. Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ NPs showed strongest evidence of hydrogen bonding on their FT-IR spectra. It was consistent with the microscopic observation and fluorescent data that Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ NPs caused more serious membrane disruption and gelation. This study on membrane damage provides further knowledge on the cytotoxicity of nanomaterials and the safety of NP application.     

乙醇环己烷废液的回收

以水为萃取剂，萃取分离乙醇和环己烷，得到乙醇水溶液和粗环己烷。粗环己煊经精馏提纯，得到纯度为９９．９１％的纯品；乙醇水溶液经分馏，ＣａＯ脱水后得无水乙醇，纯度达９９．７４％。     

压力容器制造监检中对若干问题的处理

针对压力容器制造监检中某些受检单位在法规标准的理解上存在误区或者疏忽、不知如何进行后续整改工作的现状,笔者结合多年压力容器监督检验的工作经验,提出自己的解决方案,以供参考,也希望广大读者在遇到类似情况时能够正确理解并执行相关法规标准.     

Centrifugal study of zone of influence during air-sparging

Air sparging (AS) is one of the groundwater remediation techniques for remediating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in saturated soil. However, in spite of the success of air sparging as a remediation technique for the cleanup of contaminated soils, to date, the fundamental mechanisms or the physics of air flow through porous media is not well understood. In this study, centrifugal modeling tests were performed to investigate air flow rates and the evolution of the zone of influence during the air sparging under various g-levels. The test results show that with the increase in sparging pressure the mass flow rate of the air sparging volume increases. The air mass flow rate increases linearly with the effective sparging pressure ratio, which is the difference between sparging pressure and hydrostatic pressure normalized with respect to the effective overburden pressure at the sparging point. Also the slope of mass flow rate with effective sparging pressure ratio increases with higher g-levels. This variation of the slope of mass flow rate of air sparging volume versus effective sparging pressure ratio, M, is linear with g-level confirming that the air flow through soil for a given effective sparging pressure ratio only depends on the g-level. The test results also show that with increasing sparging pressure, the zone of influence (ZOI), which consists of the width at the tip of the cone or lateral intrusion and the cone angle, will lead to an increase in both lateral intrusion and the cone angle. With a further increase in air injection pressure, the cone angle reaches a constant value while the lateral intrusion becomes the main contributor to the enlargement of the ZOI. However, beyond a certain value of effective sparging pressure ratio, there is no further enlargement of the ZOI.     

不同流量分配比对多级A/O工艺去除有机物及脱氮的影响

采用三级A/O工艺分段进水工艺处理低碳源生活污水,考察了进水流量分配比对系统去除有机物、硝化反硝化能力以及去除TN的影响。通过对水质指标沿程监测结果表明,不同流量分配比(4∶3∶3,5∶3∶2,6∶3∶1)对系统去除有机物及硝化效率影响不大,出水COD、氨氮分别均在30 mg/L、1 mg/L以下。但反硝化效果受流量分配比的影响较大,在流量比为5∶3∶2时,有效利用原水中碳源进行反硝化,反硝化效果最好。在流量比为5∶3∶2的情况下,TN出水为5.7 mg/L去除率为82.9%,优于流量分配比为6∶3∶1和4∶3∶3时的脱氮效果。总体而言,分段进水工艺在对碳源的有效利用及能耗节省方面优于单点进水。     

TiO2/H2O2/UV和TiO2/O3/UV降解对氯苯甲酸和喹啉的试验研究

主要叙述TiO2/H2O2/UV和TiO2/O3/UV体系降解对氯苯甲酸（4-CBA）和喹啉的试验研究.研究表明,（1）在TiO2/H2O2/UV体系里目标物降解速度先随过氧化氢投加量的增加而提高,但超过一定浓度之后便开始下降;（2）在TiO2/O3/UV体系中,目标降解物的反应速度都非常快,且臭氧浓度高的时候降解速度更快;（3）二氧化钛催化剂在TiO2/O3/UV体系中作为积极因素有助于提高反应速率,而在TiO2/H2O2/UV体系是消极因素,会降低反应速率.     

BP人工神经网络预测邻苯二甲酸酯光化学降解

将反向传播人工神经网络（BP－ANN）用于邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的光化学降解的预测中，选取正交设计的试验点作为反向传播人工神经网络的训练集，实现对全实验域试验点的预测，并与实测的试验数据比较。结果表明反向传播人工神经网络（BP－ANN）具有良好的预测能力。