Vocal acrobatics in a Chinese frog, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Amolops tormotus</Emphasis>

Although amphibians are highly vocal, they generally emit only a limited number of acoustic communication signals. We report here the extraordinarily rich vocal repertoire of Amolops tormotus, a ranid species in China. These frogs produce countless vocalizations, some of which share features of birdsong or primate calls, e.g., ultrasonic frequency components, multiple upward and downward FM sweeps, and sudden onset and offset of selective harmonic components within a call note. Frame-by-frame video analysis of the frog's calling behavior suggests the presence of two pairs of vocal sacs that may contribute to the remarkable call-note complexity in this species. Electronic supplementary material to this paper can be obtained by using the Springer LINK server located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-002-0335-x.     

Effects of environmental factors on the production and release of matrix-bound phosphine from lake sediments

Effects of pH, temperature, and oxygen on the production and release of phosphine in eutrophic lake sediments were investigated under laboratory tests. Results indicated that the elimination of matrix-bound phosphine was accelerated under initial pH 1 or 12. Phosphine levels could reach maximum under initial pH 10. The contents of phosphine increased with the addition of alkali under pH 4–12. The rates of phosphine production and release from lake sediments varied with temperature. 20°C was the most favorable temperature for the production of matrix-bound phosphine. Oxygen showed little effect on matrix-bound phosphine. Matrix-bound phosphine concentrations in lake sediments were concluded to be dependent on a balance of natural generation and depletion processes. Translated from Acta Scientise Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(5): 681–685 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

Inventory of emissions from major air pollutant categories in Turkey

In this study, an inventory of air pollutant emission estimates from major air polluting sources in Turkey for period between 1985 and 2005 with 5-year intervals were estimated. Inventory covers anthropogenic sources of five major air pollutants of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and non-methane volatile organic compounds. Their break-down with respect to main activity sectors were shown and their distribution by the largest industrial source categories were worked out as annual estimates. This inventory and its analysis point to serious environmental implications of air pollutants and a need to develop a policy plan for reducing these emissions.     

光电化学法处理水体中腐殖酸的初步研究

结合９０年代欧美学者提出了高级化学氧化过程（Ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ，ＡＯＰ）原理，提出了并建立了一套光电化学联用的新用于处理难以生物降解的腐殖酸废水，实验表明，在通电１ｈ加光条件下（Ｉ＝０．２Ａ）总有碳（ＴＯＣ）去除率达到９０％，色度去除率达到９５％。     

三种固体废弃物综合利用的初步研究

从环境建设的可持续发展出发 ,结合天津开发区在基础设施及园林绿化建设中面临土源紧缺以及周边地区存在大量的海湾泥、粉煤灰、碱渣土等固体废弃物的现实 ,在详细研究了3种废物的物理、化学性质的基础上探讨了用这些废物代替农田客土的可行性。实验及推广应用结果表明 ,这些废物按适当比例混合后能够形成一种可替代种植客土的新型土壤 ,这种新型土壤的最佳配比(即海湾泥与粉煤灰或碱渣土 )比例为3:1 ,同时该配比基质对植物生长的适宜性优于滨海盐土。     

Practical environmental monitoring of major construction projects

Independent teams undertook environmental monitoring of particular concentrations of major construction projects forming part of Hong Kong’s U.S. $20 billion airport infrastructure programme located in dense urban areas. The team combination of environmental specialists with experienced civil engineers enabled pragmatic mitigation measures to be developed and accepted by the construction personnel with the result that potentially significant adverse impacts were averted. The authors discuss the mechanism and success of this innovative approach.     

GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用

根据环境监测的特点和地理信息系统(GIS)所具备的功能,讨论了GIS与环境监测结合的必要性,按照环境监测的目的不同分环境质量监测、污染源监督监测和应急监测三个方面阐述GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的具体应用,并利用现有的一些基于GIS的环境监测信息系统实例进行进一步说明GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用,充分发挥了GIS空间信息表达处理及综合分析的优势,使得环境监测数据的管理分析更加快速、实时、有效.随着GIS技术的发展,GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用也将获得源源不绝的驱动力.     

湘东北中生代基性岩脉微量元素地球化学特征及岩石成因

湘东北中生代基性岩脉可以分为煌斑岩和辉绿岩两类 ,前者形成于 136 .6 1Ma ,后者形成于 86 .18Ma ,与华南中生代主要拉张时期相对应。岩石富集LREE ,Eu负异常不明显 ,其形成主要受地幔部分熔融作用制约。早期煌斑岩类微量元素和Sr、Nd同位素总体上具有富集地幔 (EMⅡ型 )洋岛玄武岩 (OIB)特征 ,富集Nd、P、Cs,而K、Rb、Sr、U、Th等富集程度不明显 ,Ta、Nb略有富集 ,具有软流圈地幔上涌地幔热柱玄武岩岩浆源区性质 ,表现出软流圈地幔上涌部分熔融的成岩特点。晚期辉绿岩类表现出Ta、Nb、Ti亏损 ,但LILE并不富集 ,反映地壳混染程度的增强 ,具有大陆拉张带 (裂谷初期 )形成的玄武岩岩浆源区性质 ,为岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成。二者具有不同的岩浆源区性质 ,从早期到晚期岩浆源区向上迁移并致使部分陆壳物质混入 ,反映由热点式拉张到岩石圈伸展 减薄的作用过程。     

L型栓子成形及模具结构

简要论述了L型栓子的成形方法、注意事项与模具结构,其方法简单可靠.     

中国农业资源的可持续性分析

本文以农业资源可持续利用的三项基本约束条件为前提,从广义上（时间上的可持续约束、空间上的可持续约束、资源管理上的可持续约束）和狭义上（粮食增长速率和人口增长速率的同调对应）对于中国农业可持续发展与农业资源可持续利用,作了理论上的分析和实际上的计算。并将中同从１９５２～１９９５年划为８个时段,分别作了可持续发展分析并寻求其背景原因,作出了相应的农业可持续发展模型。最后,对于未来中国农业可持续发展的战略提出了基本的监控指标。