区域环境质量综合评价的一种方法——Fuzzy概率法

本文应用Fuzzy概率原理,在对区域环境内各单项污染指标进行分级评价的基础上,考虑各单项污染指标在总体中的权重,并综合各单项污染指标的作用,给出区域环境内环境“总”质量的综合评价。     

Der deutsch-britisch-französische Höchstflußreaktor in Grenoble und sein Forschungsprogramm

The 57-MW high-flux reactor of the Institute Max von Laue-Paul Langevin at Grenoble serves as a central neutron-beam facility for laboratories and research institutes in the three member countries, the United Kingdom, France, and the Federal Republic of Germany. The heavy-water-moderated and -cooled reactor is equipped with hot, thermal, and cold moderators, providing neutrons with high intensity over an unusual wide range of energies (wavelengths) extending from some 0.1 meV (30 Å) up to some 500 meV (0.4 Å). An extensive system of neutron guides with different curvatures permits the transport of neutrons over distances ranging up to 140 m with minimal intensity losses for neutrons in the useful wavelength band. The transmitted beams, in addition, exhibit very low background contamination by fast and epithermal neutrons, and γ-radiation. A large variety of high-resolution neutron spectrometers provide unique opportunities in fields such as nuclear physics, crystallography, solid-state physics, chemistry, metallurgy, and biology.     

金属对催化还原DDT的降解产物及其反应机制的研究

本报告介绍DDT经金属对处理后降解产物的分析鉴定和有关反应机制的初步研究。 降解产物主要是用气相色谱—质谱联用分析鉴定的。水溶液中的DDT用Cu-Zn金属对还原其降解产物经鉴定是DDD、DDMS、DDE_t,它们是DDT分子脱去烷基碳原子上不同数目的氯原子的产物。而在Cu-Fe金属对作用下,水溶液中的DDT的还原则是同时得到四种不同类型的产物。它们是DDT脱去烷基碳原子上的1个和3个氯原子的DDD和DDE_t;DDT脱氯、氧化产物DBP和DBH;DDT脱去HCI生成的DDE;两个DDT分子二聚脱氯的产物TTTB和TTDB。 实验证明金属对对DDT的作用是催化还原反应,金属对起着催化剂和还原剂双重作用。通过实验结果对DDT在金属对作用下的反应机制进行了初步探讨。     

Distribution of actinomycetes in oil contaminated ultisols of the Niger Delta (Nigeria)

The distribution of actinomycetes in oil contaminated sandy loam ultisols of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was studied to aid in understanding the effect of hydrocarbons on indigenous microbial population in tropical soils. The average total counts of actinomycetes in all the oil samples analysed was 103 cfu/g. Higher counts of actinomycetes were observed during the dry season than during the wet season. The counts of hydrocarbonoclastic actinomycetes correlated positively with the total count of actinomycetes.The actinomycetes were generally restricted to the top soil(0-10 cm soil depth) although a seemingly deeper(down to 40 cm soil depth) distribution was noticed in the dry season. The isolates included oil degrading species of Actinoplanes, Norcadia,Streptomyces and Streptosporangium. Their high oil utilization ability indicates their positive potential and role in the bioremediation of oil-spilled soils.     

欧洲国家战略环境评价研究趋势

阐述了欧洲国家的SEA系统,实施领域,规定、导则和立法以及培训等.分析了欧洲国家研究与实施SEA的经验、挑战和障碍(1)方法、技术和程序;(2)规定、导则和立法;(3)体制、政治支持性与公众参与;(4)信息来源与研究资金;(5)检查监督和质量保证.指出了注重教育培训、建立宣传网络,加强SEA研究,重视信息数据库开发,拓宽SEA试点研究领域4个发展趋势.     

安大略基拉尼公园及实验湖泊区浮游生物群落对酸化的响应及其恢复过程

人们普遍推测控制SO2排放可以促进加拿大、美国和欧洲的酸化淡水湖泊的恢复.本文研究了1998～2000年间靠近安大略省基拉尼公园的22个湖泊(pH值范围4.5～7.7)的浮游生物群落变化,将结果与安大略省西北的实验湖泊区(ELA)人工酸化(pH值从6.7降至4.5)又恢复(pH升至6.0)的南302号湖的数据进行了对比,以评价酸化后的恢复效果.根据历史记录,基拉尼地区数个湖泊的pH值由先前酸化的5.0～5.5反弹到6.0.浮游生物量与pH不相关,但其物种的丰富度与pH值间呈显著相关.将所得到的物种多样性数据与历史数据加以组合,可观察到其中6个湖泊中的恢复轨迹.相关分析表明:pH值得到提高后,其中几个湖泊的浮游生物群落开始向中性环境中的典型群落转化.     

Die Bestimmung des Turnovers von ATP,Kreatinphosphat und Orthophosphat in lebenden Muskeln mittels H2O18 und anschließender Aktivierung durch Protonen-Beschuß

The Science of Nature -     

实施清洁生产方案走可持续发展之路

提高环保意识，加强环保管理，推行清洁生产，开好污水治理设施，重视环保科研，经济效益与环境效益并重，为保护资源做贡献。