堆肥调理剂研究进展

调理剂是堆肥过程中的重要辅料。通过添加调理剂，可以改善堆肥物料的理化条件，达到好氧微生物对生长环境的要求。文章综述了堆肥调理剂的分类，讨论了它在堆肥工程中的作用，并对研究方向进行了探讨。大量研究表明，调理剂在堆肥过程中起到调节物料w（C）／w（N）比、含水率、堆体自由空域、减少堆体臭气、改善堆肥养分和调控重金属等作用。目前，调理剂的研究重点在于其在堆肥过程的作用，而对复合型调理剂的开发、调理剂的作用机理及其在工程中的应用等问题关注较少。     

高职院校思想道德修养课教学策略探析——兼论《思想道德修养》课的爱国主义教育

目前高职高专《思想道德修养》课是采用2005年高等教育出版社的新教材,它体现了高职高专的特色,具有较强的实用性和可读性.但是,由于教师对教材的理解和应用存在个体差异,在施教过程中存在四个方面的反差:即专业课教学方法与思想道德修养的特殊性的反差;师资队伍现状与课程要求的反差;课堂教学与学生日常行为的反差;正面思想引导与社会负面效应的反差.因此,教师在施教中应注意运用发现教学法吸引学生的学习兴趣;合理取舍教材内容增强授课的趣味性;采用多样化的授课形式,使学生产生新鲜感;以及重视教师的培训和自我提升.参5.     

草莓灰霉孢子萌发条件研究

研究了温度、pH、金属离子,以及一些激素、维生素等因素对灰霉孢子萌发的影响,发现灰霉孢子萌发的最适pH有两个峰值,且在不同峰值下萌发管数明显不同;Ca2 、Fe3 等离子能有效刺激孢子萌发.通过正交实验对灰霉孢子的萌发条件进行了优化,孢子萌发的最适条件为:激动素0.01mg/mL,赤霉素0.05mg/mL,维生素B20.15mg/mL,FeCl30.15mg/mL,CaCl20.2mg/mL,不添加CoCl2的萌发率达到了93.3%以上.图6参10     

云南部分蔬菜中氟积累特征及其成因初步分析

对云南蔬菜产区部分蔬菜进行了分析,发现氟残留量普遍超过了1 mg/kg。在所检测的蔬菜中,菠菜的水溶性氟平均含量最高,为13.18 mg/kg。就叶菜类不同组织器官来看,氟的分布是:叶中的氟残留量>根中的氟残留量>茎中的氟残留量(以干质量计算);就不同叶位来看,从老叶到幼叶氟残留量有逐渐下降的趋势。结合蔬菜产地的土壤分析结果,认为蔬菜中氟残留量不仅与土壤氟含量有关,而且还可能与施肥状况、蔬菜类别有关。文章还提出了减少蔬菜中氟残留量的对策。     

生态环境动态监测与评价指标体系探讨

分析了生态环境和生态环境质量的内涵,明确了生态环境监测与评价指标体系所涵盖的内容。认为生态环境的显著地域性特点决定了不同类型地区需建立相应的指标体系,并详细探讨了如何建立特定区域生态环境动态监测与质量评价指标体系。     

关于hyperaccumulator中文译名的探讨

植物修复技术是环境科学与技术的热点和前沿领域,hyperaccumulator作为植物修复技术的核心和及hyperaccumulator内容的文献也增长迅速,但从已发表的文献来看,国内对“hyperaccumulator”的中文翻译很不统一.这种“一词多译”的现象很不利于学术交流.为了规范和统一hyperaccumulator的中文译名,本文从hyperaccumulator的定义和科学内涵探讨其中文译名的准确性.     

Arsenic uptake and transport of Pteris vittata L.as influenced by phosphate and inorganic arsenic species under sand culture

In order to understand the similarity or difference of inorganic As species uptake and transport related to phosphorus in As-hyperaccumulator,uptake and transport of arsenate(As(V))and arsenite(As(III))were studied using Pteris vittata L.under sandculture.Higher concentrations of phosphate were found to inhibit accumulation of arsenate and arsenite in the fronds of P.vittata.The reduction in As accumulation was greater in old fronds than in young fronds,and relatively weak in root and rhizome.Moderateincreases,from 0.05 to 0.3 mmol/L,in phosphate reduced uptake of As(III)more than As(V),while the reverse was observed at highconcentrations of phosphate(1.0 mmol/L).Phosphate apparently reduced As transport and the proportion of As accumulated in frondsof P.vittata when As was supplied as As(V).It may in part be due to competition between phosphorus and As(V)during transport.Incontrast,phosphate had a much smaller effect on As transport when the As was supplied as As(III).Therefore,the results from presentexperiments indicates that a higher concentration of phosphate suppressed As accumulation and transport in P.vittata,especially inthe fronds,when exposed to As(V);but the suppression of phosphate to As transport may be insignificant when P.vittata exposed toAs(III)under sand culture conditions.The finding will help to understand the interaction of P and As during their uptake process in P.vittata.     

有机膨润土吸附分离一体化技术处理酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水

采用有机膨润土吸附和硅藻土预涂膜过滤相结合的吸附分离一体化技术处理酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水.研究结果表明,对于染料浓度为10 0mg·L- 1 ,COD为12 8mg·L- 1 的酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水,当CTMAB -有机膨润土投加量为2 0g·L- 1 、滤速为2 4m·h- 1 时,经过一个处理周期65min的循环处理,出水的悬浮物浓度小于1 8mg·L- 1 ,COD降至2 5mg·L- 1 ,脱色率达90 5 % ,且易实现固液分离.与单独的有机膨润土吸附、硅藻土过滤相比,一体化技术其废水脱色效果要明显优于前两者单独处理的效果.经吸附分离一体化技术处理后,不仅成功地解决了有机膨润土固液分离困难的问题,同时也提高了染料的脱色率,因此,该技术具有较好的应用前景     

γ-FeOOH-草酸系统中橙黄I的光化学脱色

以8 W黑光灯为光源,γ-FeOOH为催化剂,加入草酸构成光化学Fenton体系,研究了这一体系中橙黄Ⅰ的光化学脱色动力学;考察了橙黄Ⅰ的初始浓度、初始pH值和草酸初始浓度对橙黄Ⅰ光化学脱色降解的影响.结果表明,草酸能显著促进橙黄Ⅰ的脱色与降解,橙黄Ⅰ光化学脱色一级动力学常数随草酸浓度的增大呈先升后降的趋势,最佳草酸初始浓度为1.8 mmol·L-1;溶液pH值的变化也显著影响橙黄Ⅰ的脱色.光化学反应过程中Fe2+和总Fe的浓度也随草酸浓度与反应时间的变化而变化.     

Double catholyte electrochemical approach for preparing ferratealuminum：a compound oxidant—coagulant for water purification

Ferrate is an excellent water treatment agent for its multi-functions in oxidation,disinfection,coagulation and adsorption,but its coagulation ability depends on its dosage and is after its oxidation.This paper focuses on preparing a new kind of ferrate combined with alum to enhance its coagulation function for water purification.An effective electrolysis reactor was designed and employed in the test.Some key parameters in the process of electrolysis concerning the prepar\ation efficiency,such as the current density,temperature and alkalinity were also investigated.The proper conditions for ferrate-alum preparation were determined.Under the condition of 5V given voltage,6h electrolyzing interval,below 2% alum concentration (in weight),a combined liquid ferrate-alum products was successfully prepared,which contained 0.0294 mol/L FeO4^2- and 0.0302 mol/L total soluble ferron with 2% Al2O3.There was no insoluble ferron produced by controlling an optimum electrochemical condition.