舰载电子设备可靠性设计

分析海上恶劣环境对电子设备可靠性影响,阐述了三防设计对提高电子设备可靠性的作用,着重探讨三防设计的方法及具体措施     

1/f噪声源与其在半导体器件可靠性评估中的应用

1／f噪声,由于其能够反映器件的质量与可靠性参数,其研究受到重视。本文首先较为系统地介绍了1／f噪声源两种较为成熟的理论：迁移率涨落模型和载流子涨落模型,最后介绍了几个1／f噪声与半导体器件参数漂移相关的实例。     

新型筛选系统与传统气动锤筛选系统比较实例

大家都知道,最有效地发现并改进产品缺陷的时间是在产品的开发期,这不但可以提升产品的质量,也可为生产商极大地减少质保费用。     

Water quality effects of clearcut harvesting and forest fertilization with best management practices

Nine small (2.5 ha) and four large (70-135 ha) watersheds were instrumented in 1999 to evaluate the effects of silvicultural practices with application of best management practices (BMPs) on stream water quality in East Texas, USA. Two management regimes were implemented in 2002: (i) conventional, with clearcutting, herbicide site preparation, and BMPs and (ii) intensive, which added subsoiling, aerial broadcast fertilization, and an additional herbicide application. Watershed effects were compared with results from a study on the same small watersheds in 1981, in which two combinations of harvesting and mechanical site preparation without BMPs or fertilization were evaluated. Clearcutting with conventional site preparation resulted in increased nitrogen losses on the small watersheds by about 1 additional kg ha(-1) each of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO(3)-N) in 2003. First-year losses were not significantly increased on the large watershed with a conventional site preparation with BMPs. Fertilization resulted in increased runoff losses in 2003 on the intensive small watersheds by an additional 0.77, 2.33, and 0.36 kg ha(-1) for NO(3)-N, TKN, and total phosphorus, respectively. Total loss rates of ammonia nitrogen (NH(4)-N) and NO(3)-N were low overall and accounted for only approximately 7% of the applied N. Mean loss rates from treated watersheds were much lower than rainfall inputs of about 5 kg ha(-1) TKN and NO(3)-N in 2003. Aerial fertilization of the 5-yr-old stand on another large watershed did not increase nutrient losses. Intensive silvicultural practices with BMPs did not significantly impair surface water quality with N and P.     

乌鲁木齐市近年来大气降尘变化规律及趋势

根据乌鲁木齐多年监测的降尘数据,对乌鲁木齐市的降尘量变化进行分析,找出了乌鲁木齐市降尘的变化规律。最后根据秩相关系数法对其进行了趋势分析,结果表明,乌鲁木齐市近年来的降尘量呈下降趋势。     

舰船电子设备可维性设计对策

本文就目前舰船电子设备研制过程中存在的维修性问题,从结构设计角度探讨了舰船电子设备维修性的设计要求,以及提高舰船电子设备结构维修性和战备完好率的基本思路和对策。     

城市污水传统二级生化处理除磷问题研究

通过测定城市污水二级生化处理工艺中各环节的磷含量,得知剩余污泥中的磷含量最高,说明污水中的磷只能依靠污泥的好氧吸收作用转移至固态污泥中,最终会随剩余污泥的排出而从污水中分离出去.并指出了提高城市污水传统二级生化处理工艺除磷效果的途径.     

潜流人工湿地在城镇污水处理中的应用

本文介绍了潜流人工湿地的特点,着重分析了现有潜流人工湿地处理系统存在的问题,并提出了解决方法.特别指出免淤塞型潜流人工湿地适合城镇水污染治理,并具有建设和运行费用低、管理维护简单、处理效率高和出水水质稳定的优势.     

生态文明体制全面改革的“四然”问题

生态文明体制改革的问题导向性、目标适应性、统筹兼顾性,既是现实的环境问题所迫,也是生态文明理论和建设目标的内在要求。近两年来,为了促进生态文明体制的全面改革,中央发布了《关于加快推进生态文明建设的意见》、《生态文明体制改革总体方案》等系列文件。其中,《生态文明体制改革总体方案》因对生态文明体制改革作出全面部署,理论性和实践性相结合,科学性和民主性相结合,制度规范与考核评价相结合,成为统帅生态文明体制改革的纲领性文件。系列改革文件在治理理念、治理策略、治理主体、治理结构、治理依据、治理方法、治理功能和治理体系的运转方面,逻辑自洽,提出了自己的历史使命。"十三五"时期,要使改革的措施和要求落地生根,须在营造氛围和措施的具体推进方面,开展相关的工作。     

实时荧光定量PCR法快速测定水中微囊藻

以铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）16S rRNA基因片段为靶序列设计一对特异性引物,采用Real-time PCR法,对铜绿微囊藻进行定性、定量检测。试验表明,仅含铜绿微囊藻DNA模板的样品有特异性扩增,扩增产物熔解曲线平稳,峰尖且窄,熔解温度为（87±1）℃。以重组质粒pMD-18T-16S为标准品,检测区间为1．1×102 copies/mL～1．1×108 copies/mL,所得标准曲线符合制备实时定量PCR标准曲线的要求,对标准品进行测定,方法检出限为11 copies/mL。用该标准曲线对实验室培养获得的铜绿微囊藻DNA样品进行定量检测,与显微镜计数结果基本一致。