全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11883篇 |
免费 | 109篇 |
国内免费 | 89篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 336篇 |
废物处理 | 442篇 |
环保管理 | 1638篇 |
综合类 | 2116篇 |
基础理论 | 3129篇 |
环境理论 | 7篇 |
污染及防治 | 2968篇 |
评价与监测 | 735篇 |
社会与环境 | 625篇 |
灾害及防治 | 85篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 103篇 |
2021年 | 98篇 |
2020年 | 80篇 |
2019年 | 93篇 |
2018年 | 163篇 |
2017年 | 142篇 |
2016年 | 222篇 |
2015年 | 194篇 |
2014年 | 268篇 |
2013年 | 880篇 |
2012年 | 356篇 |
2011年 | 497篇 |
2010年 | 409篇 |
2009年 | 478篇 |
2008年 | 521篇 |
2007年 | 519篇 |
2006年 | 453篇 |
2005年 | 420篇 |
2004年 | 352篇 |
2003年 | 365篇 |
2002年 | 351篇 |
2001年 | 472篇 |
2000年 | 346篇 |
1999年 | 209篇 |
1998年 | 131篇 |
1997年 | 157篇 |
1996年 | 163篇 |
1995年 | 190篇 |
1994年 | 192篇 |
1993年 | 159篇 |
1992年 | 132篇 |
1991年 | 169篇 |
1990年 | 163篇 |
1989年 | 157篇 |
1988年 | 115篇 |
1987年 | 114篇 |
1986年 | 118篇 |
1985年 | 91篇 |
1984年 | 108篇 |
1983年 | 110篇 |
1982年 | 118篇 |
1981年 | 108篇 |
1980年 | 96篇 |
1979年 | 112篇 |
1978年 | 73篇 |
1977年 | 76篇 |
1975年 | 76篇 |
1973年 | 72篇 |
1972年 | 65篇 |
1967年 | 66篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
961.
962.
963.
964.
965.
966.
967.
Vogel JR Stoeckel DM Lamendella R Zelt RB Santo Domingo JW Walker SR Oerther DB 《Journal of environmental quality》2007,36(3):718-729
Given known limitations of current microbial source-tracking (MST) tools, emphasis on small, simple study areas may enhance interpretations of fecal contamination sources in streams. In this study, three MST tools-Escherichia coli repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR), coliphage typing, and Bacteroidales 16S rDNA host-associated markers-were evaluated in a selected reach of Plum Creek in south-central Nebraska. Water-quality samples were collected from six sites. One reach was selected for MST evaluation based on observed patterns of E. coli contamination. Despite high E. coli concentrations, coliphages were detected only once among water samples, precluding their use as a MST tool in this setting. Rep-PCR classification of E. coli isolates from both water and sediment samples supported the hypothesis that cattle and wildlife were dominant sources of fecal contamination, with minor contributions by horses and humans. Conversely, neither ruminant nor human sources were detected by Bacteroidales markers in most water samples. In bed sediment, ruminant- and human-associated Bacteroidales markers were detected throughout the interval from 0 to 0.3 m, with detections independent of E. coli concentrations in the sediment. Although results by E. coli-based and Bacteroidales-based MST methods led to similar interpretations, detection of Bacteroidales markers in sediment more commonly than in water indicates that different tools to track fecal contamination (in this case, tools based on Bacteroidales DNA and E. coli isolates) may have varying relevance to the more specific goal of tracking the sources of E. coli in watersheds. This is the first report of simultaneous, toolbox approach application of a library-based and marker-based MST analyses to flowing surface water. 相似文献
968.
The impact of river outfalls on beach water quality depends on numerous interacting factors. The delivery of contaminants by multiple creeks greatly complicates understanding of the source contributions, especially when pollution might originate up- or down-coast of beaches. We studied two beaches along Lake Michigan that are located between two creek outfalls to determine the hydrometeorologic factors influencing near-shore microbiologic water quality and the relative impact of the creeks. The creeks continuously delivered water with high concentrations of Escherichia coli to Lake Michigan, and the direction of transport of these bacteria was affected by current direction. Current direction reversals were associated with elevated E. coli concentrations at Central Avenue beach. Rainfall, barometric pressure, wave height, wave period, and creek specific conductance were significantly related to E. coli concentration at the beaches and were the parameters used in predictive models that best described E. coli variation at the two beaches. Multiple inputs to numerous beaches complicates the analysis and understanding of the relative relationship of sources but affords opportunities for showing how these complex creek inputs might interact to yield collective or individual effects on beach water quality. 相似文献
969.
Cost-efficient sample designs for collection of ground data and accurate mapping of variables are required to monitor natural
resources and environmental and ecological systems. In this study, a sample design and mapping method was developed by integrating
stratification, model updating, and cokriging with Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery. This method is based on the spatial
autocorrelation of variables and the spatial cross-correlation among them. It can lead to sample designs with variable grid
spacing, where sampling distances between plots vary depending on spatial variability of the variables from location to location.
This has potential cost-efficiencies in terms of sample design and mapping. This method is also applicable for mapping in
the case in which no ground data can be collected in some parts of a study area because of the high cost. The method was validated
in a case study in which a ground and vegetation cover factor was sampled and mapped for monitoring soil erosion. The results
showed that when the sample obtained with three strata using the developed method was used for sampling and mapping the cover
factor, the sampling cost was greatly decreased, although the error of the map was slightly increased compared to that without
stratification; that is, the sample cost-efficiency quantified by the product of cost and error was greatly increased. The
increase of cost-efficiency was more obvious when the cover factor values of the plots within the no-significant-change stratum
were updated by a model developed using the previous observations instead of remeasuring them in the field. 相似文献
970.
Ferreira Leide Lene C. Abreu Marina P. Costa Camila B. Leda Paulo O. Behrens Maria Dutra dos Santos Elisabete Pereira 《Food and environmental virology》2022,14(2):120-137
Food and Environmental Virology - The use of natural resources for the prevention and treatment of diseases considered fatal to humanity has evolved. Several medicinal plants have nutritional and... 相似文献