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61.
62.
21世纪,国民经济得到了大力发展,人民生活水平也相应有了极大的提高,但与此同时,全球生态环境遭到了严重破坏。因此在此背景下,大型企业环保措施的管理成为近年来社会关注的热点话题之一,大型企业和相关部门也相应的采取了一系列措施,旨在保持大型企业经济发展和生态文明之间的平衡,但是在实践的过程中,取得的成果并不是很理想。大型企业环保措施的管理最主要部分就是企业环保成本控制,因此为改善这一情况,对大型企业环保成本控制研究成为重中之重。 相似文献
63.
为了均衡环保和经济增长间的关系,对环保压力下的经济增长方式进行改革。分析了资源与经济增长的关系、经济增长方式的内涵和经济增长方式的类型,介绍了国内外相关文献综述。对传统粗放型经济增长方式进行分析,发现其具有高投入、高消耗、低效益的特性,且中国单位产值所需的生产要素较其他发达国家和部分发展中国家高,但生产率与资金、资源利用率却比其他发达国家低。在面临环保压力时,中国因传统粗放型经济增长方式造成资源利用效率降低,影响经济增长,需对经济增长方式做出以下改革:转变生产函数,增加要素生产率,改变要素间相对地位;扩展价值链,使产业升级,提高附加值;改善产业结构,发展服务业。 相似文献
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通过对2014—2016年湖体水质中氮素质量浓度分析,结合出入湖总氮浓度、水量、湖体水生生态等影响因素,发现太湖水体中总氮浓度呈现逐年下降的趋势,各监测点位总氮为0.530 mg/L~5.51 mg/L,时空分布不均,差异明显。时间上,总氮浓度表现为春季最高,夏季和秋季最低,且月均值变化曲线呈现出规律的正弦函数波形。空间上,总氮浓度大致表现出由西部湖区向东部湖区递减的趋势,呈现西部湖区﹥北部湖区﹥南部湖区﹥湖心区﹥东部湖区。要改善湖体水质,不仅要切断污染源,而且要加强水生生态功能修复。 相似文献
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16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in water samples from the Jinsha River (Panzhihua part), Southwest China. Total dissolved PAH concentrations varied from 21.89 microg l(-1) to 382.8 microg l(-1). It was found that the concentration of PAHs decreased along the flow direction due to the higher density distribution of coal chemical industry in the upstream of our study rivers. The pollution levels in our study area are significantly higher than previously reported values in other waters both in China and other countries. The predominance of benzo[k]fluoranthene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene was clearly observed in all water samples. On average these two compounds accounted for 98.3% of the total dissolved PAH concentration in water. The results showed the positive correlations among total dissolved PAHs, benzo[k]fluoranthene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, which suggested that these two predominant PAHs have similar source and environmental behaviors in our study area. When compared with the survey results of organic micropollutants two decades ago, it was found that hydrocarbon pollution both predominated and even increased with the development of coal chemical industry in this area during the past 20 years. The results therefore provide important information on the current contamination status of a key industrial city in China, and points to the need for urgent action to investigate the relationship between the PAH composition and concentration in water from the Jinsha River and the wastewater discharge from coal chemical industry, and to identify the source, transport pathway and fate of PAHs in the area. It should then be necessary to adopt appropriate and instant measures to control the pollution around this area. 相似文献
69.
In this work a comparison is made between the different approaches that can be taken to evaluate the mobility of elements in compost. The practical consequences of the results obtained are also discussed in terms of methods for cleaning up compost and using compost in environmental remediation. The mobility of potentially toxic elements in compost is evaluated by leaching with four selected eluents, i.e. diluted sulfuric acid, oxalate, citrate and EDTA. In contrast to the chelating agents, diluted sulfuric acid was found to generally have a low leaching capability for removal of heavy metals from compost. This implies that the risk of heavy metal leaching caused by natural rainfall is likely to be low. The results obtained in the leaching experiment were compared with previous results obtained from sequential fractionation. This comparison confirmed that both methods gave similar results for predicting the lability of elements in compost. A non-linear regression analysis of the leaching curves was also conducted. The leaching curves for elements with high lability could be fitted with a two components model. The labile components identified by the kinetic model are approximately in accordance with the fractions obtained from the first step of the sequential extraction method. The kinetic speciation method is shown to be a relatively rapid and simple procedure for compost which gives more information about element lability than simple leaching experiments. The leaching reagents used in this work were not effective enough to be used for cleaning up compost with a high metal content. Compost was however shown to have a high affinity for heavy metals, with the order of affinity of metal for the compost being very similar to that seen for humic acid. Compost may therefore prove to be a good remediation material for metal contaminated waste. 相似文献
70.
国内外饮用水水质标准的综合评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在参考国内外饮用水水质标准的基础上,建立了饮用水水质综合评价体系,通过专家咨询法获得判断矩阵,利用层次分析法计算各水质指标的权重,结合国内外饮用水水质标准的指标进行层次总排序,根据总排序结果对国内外饮用水水质标准的特点进行了综合评价。 相似文献