废石粉渣制备混凝剂及其除浊净水效果研究

利用废石粉渣制备无机混凝剂,并研究所得初产品对硅藻土悬浮液和受污湖水样品进行处理的适宜操作条件以及除浊净水效果,结果表明,利用某些废石粉渣制备的混凝剂有较好效果,但制备工艺有待改善。     

杭州市机动车尾气污染和控制对策

随关经济的快速发展,城市道路交通和机动车尾气污染成为人们关注的热点,通过对杭州市机动车行驶现状及路检情况调查,分析了机动车排污分担率及尾气排放的潜在影响,提出控制机动车尾气大大气污染的对策。     

论建立和完善我国环境税

本文在重新认识税收作用、资源价值和税收优惠政策的基础上,提出了建立环境税、完善资源能源税、逐步实施费改税、公平税负与对等环境税附加的建议。     

Inhibition of microbial activity of activated sludge by ammonia in leachate

Leachate samples were collected from the West New Territory Landfill (WENT), Hong Kong, and characterized in the laboratory. The analytical results confirmed that it has a typical nature of aged leachate with a low BOD₅/COD ratio of 0.22 and a high strength of ammonia-nitrogen around 5 g/L. A lab-scale study was conducted to investigate the inhibition of microbial activity of the activated sludge. In the first test, glucose-based synthetic wastewater was used in two parallel reactors. The experimental results demonstrated that COD removal declined from 95.1 to 79.1% and the dehydrogenase activity of the sludge decreased from 11.04 to 4.22 μg TF/mg mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), when the ammonia-nitrogen concentration increased from 50 mg/L to 800 mg/L progressively. The remaining NH₃⁺-N residue in the treated wastewater increased from 0.58 mg/L to 649 mg/L extensively. In the second test, mixed wastewater samples containing glucose and raw leachate were fed into six parallel biological reactors and operated on batch mode. The experimental results showed COD removal decreased from 97.7 to 78.1% and the dehydrogenase activity decreased from 9.29 to 4.93 μg triphenyl formazon (TF)/mg MLSS, respectively, when the ammonia-nitrogen concentration increased within the same range. Microbial inhibition could also be substantiated by a decrease of specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) from 68 to 45 mg O₂/g MLSS. These results suggested leachate containing high-strength ammonia-nitrogen should be pretreated to an acceptable NH₄⁺-N level before it is fed into biological reactors.     

湖南木兰科植物资源的调查研究

本文分析了湖南木兰科分布的自然条件,结合其形态性状讨论了它们的分类学问题、地理分布特点、资源状况以及自然生长状况。文末提出了湖南省木兰科的保护植物名单。     

VA菌根在柑桔上的应用及其前景

由于菌根在农业、林业生产中的重要性,对菌根的研究,尤其是对VA菌根的研究已引起人们广泛的重视.本文对VA菌根的研究及利用现状,尤其是VA菌根与植物营养,VA茵根与植物的抗性生理以及VA菌根、根瘤菌与植物三联体的效应等方面的动态作一综述,并对柑桔菌根今后的研究提出几点建议,其中包括菌根资源的调查、菌根资源圃的建立、柑桔菌根与环境、菌根与柑桔的抗性生理等。     

阳离子交换树脂富集衍生气相色谱法测定二甲基胂酸

实验发现,碘化二甲基胂(IDA)具有很好的色谱挥发性,在5％,10％SE-30柱上可得到较好的色谱峰。二甲基胂酸(DMA)碘化后生成碘化二甲基胂(IDA)。本文提出了新的碘化萃取体系:SnCl_2-KI(1moI/l)-HCl(6mol/l)-甲苯。该体系具有转化率高、干扰少的优点。实验还发现,经过阳离子交换树脂富集,有效地消除了低浓度时,DMA转化中或转化后的分解或吸附对测定的影响,从而提高了分析结果的准确度。     

杨树排放碳氢化合物的相关因素

采用封闭式气袋采样和气相色谱法，对杨树排放碳氢化合物（ＨＣｓ）的情况进行了调查，结果发现，与油松排放情况不同，杨树主要排放异戊二烯，约占其ＨＣｓ排放总量的９５％以上，且与温度，光强正相关，排放的日变化表明，杨树在正午有一排放高峰，夜间基本不排放，在春季和夏季日均气温分别为１９．２℃和２８．８℃，杨树的异戊二烯平均总排放速率分别为４．４和３９．８μｇ／ｇ．ｈ。     

味精废水中重金属及金属污染对处理利用的影响

本文应用等离子光谱（ＩＣＰ）测试三个厂家味精生产废水中２１种金属元素的水平，其中金属元素的总水平分别达１９１９２ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１，３１９０ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１和３１６１ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１，对照国内外有关的四项水质标准，三厂家味精生产废水中存在着Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ等多种重金属或其他金属元素严重超标现象，味精生产废水对青芋存在急性毒性，２４，４８，７２和９６ｈ的半致死味精废水浓度ＬＣ５０分别为６．９％，３．２％，２．５％