Sustainable multi-trip periodic redesign-routing model for municipal solid waste collection network: the case study of Tehran

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Daily transportation of wastes due to its environmental, financial, and social aspects has been considered a challenging issue in developing...     

Estimation of greenhouse gas emission flux from agricultural lands of Khuzestan province in Iran

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment - No studies have been carried out on the benthic harmful algal blooms (BHABs) along the Strait of Gibraltar in the Mediterranean, and little is known about...     

Temporospatial variation and health risk assessment of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water (northwest Iran)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Trihalomethanes (THMs) are one of the most common classes of disinfection by-products. In this study, the temporospatial trends and health risks due...     

Improvement of the photostability of selected substances in aqueous medium

The photodegradation of some pesticides in water has been investigated. The kinetics of the photochemical processes is discussed and the photolytic half‐life is calculated. The objective of this paper is to present some of the recent results on the kinetics and on the products of sunlight‐induced reactions of Parathion, Gardona, Diazinon, Atrazine and Phenmediphame at low concentrations in distilled water and fresh water. The quantum yield, measured at 263 nm for Phenmediphame in aerated water at 5 × 10^‐4 M and 30°C, was 1.4 × 10^‐2, and for Parathion, measured at 300 nm in aqueous solution at 3.42 M at pH 6.4 and 25 °C, was 1.5 × 10^‐3. The measured absorption spectra and the variable light intensity were used to estimate the environental phototransformation process and the persistence of these compounds in water.     

Spider management in agroecosystems: Habitat manipulation

Based on the literature and on work conducted in Israel, the management of spider populations through habitat manipulation was found to be very helpful in controlling pest insects in various crops. Spiders were found to be reduced or eliminated by non-selective insecticides, although some resistance has been noted     

Optimization of a methodology for the simultaneous determination of deltamethrin,permethrin and malathion in stored wheat samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with solidification of floating organic drop and HPLC-UV

The purpose of this study was to investigate common pesticides in stored wheat at Kermanshah province's silos in Iran. A simple, inexpensive, reliable and environmentally friendly method based on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with solidification of floating organic drop was developed. The analytical characteristics of the method were determined. Also, various parameters such as the materials of the silos, types of ownerships of the silos, geographic orientation of silo locations and climatic conditions of silo locations on pesticide residues in studied wheat samples were investigated. Among all the studied parameters, the climatic conditions of silo locations showed the highest influence on pesticide residues in wheat samples. Generally, 61.2% of the samples had pesticide levels below the method detection limits and 38.8% of the total samples had at least one of the understudied pesticides. Also, 13.9% of the samples had deltamethrin residues, 16.7% of the samples had permethrin, 22.2% of the samples had malathion, 11.1% of the samples had both permethrin and malathion and 2.8% of the samples had both deltamethrin and malathion. The results revealed that the residues of deltamethrin and malathion were lower than the standard level announced by European Union regulation and only three samples contained permethrin higher than Europe standard level.     

Climate change and agricultural vulnerability: a case study of rain-fed wheat in Kairouan,Central Tunisia

In the Maghreb and North African regions, the interannual climate variability causes severe impacts on agriculture through long drought episodes. Impacts are expected to increase due to projected climate change. Decreasing water availability will have a direct impact on the agriculture sector and could endanger the socioeconomic development and social stability in Tunisia where rain-fed agriculture represents the main occupancy and means of subsistence for the large rural population.     

Alteration of in vitro and acute in vivo toxicity of textile dyeing wastewater after chemical and biological remediation

Introduction

Textile industry is one of the most common and essential sectors in Tunisia. However, the treatment of textile effluents becomes a university because of their toxic impacts on waters, soils, flora, and fauna.

Materials and methods

The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of Pseudomonas putida mt-2 to decolorize a textile wastewater and to compare the biologic decolorization process to the chemical one currently used by the textile industry.

Results

P. putida exhibited a high decolorizing capacity of the studied effluent, compared to the coagulation?Cflocculation method with decolorization percentage of 86% and 34.5%, respectively. Genotoxicity of the studied effluent, before and after decolorization by P. putida mt-2, was evaluated in vitro, using the SOS chromotest, and in vivo, in mouse bone marrow, by assessing the percentage of cells bearing different chromosome aberrations compared to not treated mice. In addition, textile effluent statistically significant influenced acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities and lipid peroxidation (p?P. putida is a promising and improved alternative to treating industrial scale effluent compared to current chemical decolorization procedures used by the Tunisian textile industry.     

Meiobenthic nematode Oncholaimus campylocercoides as a model in laboratory studies: selection,culture, and fluorescence microscopy after exposure to phenanthrene and chrysene

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Numerous studies have focused on the response of meiofauna after exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), but none has been devoted to...     

Presenting a conceptual pattern of HSE performance of oil trucks

Accidents are among the main problems in the oil product supply chain. The most important effective factors in these events are the kind of trucks used and their health, safety, and environment (HSE) condition. The aim of this study was to present a conceptual pattern of the HSE performance of oil trucks in oil industries. In this study, 20 truck models (with fixed tanks), in use over different periods of time, were investigated. In this regard, the criteria and sub-criteria were first determined in two parts—carrier and tank—and weighted by fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP). The results showed that the most important sub-criteria regarding the HSE factors of the carrier were resistance and strength of the front and rear shields, the brake system, and the ventilation system. The most important sub-criteria regarding the HSE factors of the tank were tank shell thickness and a good tank design shape with respect to portable material. It should be noted that the weight of the criteria with each other and sub-criteria with each other are not equal. This issue is important for decision-making. The main reason for the use of trucks with the lowest score in developing countries is the lack of attention by managers to safety issues and international standards and agreements such as the ADR.