全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9911篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 10篇 |
废物处理 | 785篇 |
环保管理 | 1246篇 |
综合类 | 974篇 |
基础理论 | 3161篇 |
污染及防治 | 1813篇 |
评价与监测 | 1020篇 |
社会与环境 | 908篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 1474篇 |
2017年 | 1376篇 |
2016年 | 1199篇 |
2015年 | 137篇 |
2014年 | 29篇 |
2013年 | 30篇 |
2012年 | 474篇 |
2011年 | 1357篇 |
2010年 | 702篇 |
2009年 | 619篇 |
2008年 | 887篇 |
2007年 | 1234篇 |
2006年 | 20篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 44篇 |
2003年 | 70篇 |
2002年 | 107篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
1935年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有9919条查询结果,搜索用时 56 毫秒
601.
Uchechukwu Ugwuh Solomon 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2010,12(6):1069-1080
Campaigns to mitigate environmental degradation problems have failed in recent years due to not only the inability to identify
the actual causes of the problems but also the approach followed in addressing these problems. This study gives a detailed
consideration to the roles played by environmental education, ethics and law in environmental enhancement and protection with
the aim of identifying the one that has made the most progress toward reducing the impact of environmental problems. Knowledge
of this is necessary as it will help determine the starting point of any environmental sustainability campaign and direct
efforts toward this. The findings of this study show that the importance of the three disciplines in environmental enhancement
and protection cannot be over-looked, and it identifies environmental ethics as both an interconnector of the other two disciplines
and the force that propels them into action. 相似文献
602.
Renewable energy is considered an indispensable basis of sustainable energy systems as electricity generation from renewable
sources results in low emissions of greenhouse gases compared to fossil fuel based electricity and contributes to sustainable
development. However, effective strategies and conducive institutional settings are needed for advancement of such clean electricity
systems. Although Thailand, as a nation, has a huge potential for renewable energy utilization, its total amount of electricity
generation from renewables is relatively small and could be enlarged substantially. Lack of policy mechanisms, institutional
development and financing exist as major barriers for Thailand in this regard. Investigation of the nation’s current energy
strategy implementation shows that relevant energy and development policies are at different stages of implementation and
institutional settings are continuously evolving. This paper argues that further significant efforts could be made towards
advancement of renewable electricity and thus achievement of energy sustainability in Thailand. Resource planning, effective
policy and institutions, focussed planning for energy sustainability and implementation of the Clean Development Mechanism
(CDM) under the Kyoto Protocol could facilitate further advancement of renewables for the nation. 相似文献
603.
Sex-biased predation is thought to have important implications for sexual selection, sex allocation, and population dynamics (Magnhagen, 1991; Le-Galliard et al., 2005 for an example in lizards). Most studies found that males are subjected to higher predation pressure than females during the reproductive season (Korpimäki, 1985; Lodé et al., 2004; Christe et al., 2006; Costantini et al., 2007). In that period, males are very mobile, emit acoustic signals and exhibit brilliant colourations, which are needed to attract females but may make them more visible to predators. With regard to lizards, a recent study provided the first evidence that males of a lizard species may be preyed on more than females (Costantini et al., 2007). In the present study, we investigated whether there is sex-biased predation on two small lacertid species, the common wall lizard Podarcis muralis (Laurenti, 1768) and the Italian wall lizard Podarcis sicula (Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1810), by Eurasian kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) during the reproductive season. We also examined whether (1) the rate of predation differed between species and (2) the rate of predation differed across years or among hunting habitats for each species. 相似文献
604.
Regular fuel reduction burning is an important management strategy for reducing the scale and intensity of wildfires in south-west
Australian native forests, but the long term effects of this on tree and stand growth are not well understood. Five fire treatments,
including application of frequent and infrequent low intensity burns, and 25 years of fire exclusion, were applied to small
(4 ha) experimental plots in a low rainfall mixed jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) and marri (Corymbia calophylla) forest to investigate the effects of these treatments on tree stem diameter growth, stand basal area increment and tree
mortality. Mean tree stem growth measured over 20 years was lowest in the long unburnt treatment compared with the burn treatments,
although surface soil nutrient levels were generally higher in the unburnt treatment, suggesting these sites may be moisture
limited. There was no clear pattern of the effects of the burn treatments, including the number of fires and the interval
between fires, on tree stem growth, stand basal area increment, crown health or mortality. These factors were strongly influenced
by dominance condition, with dominant and co-dominant trees growing most and suppressed trees growing least and experiencing
the highest mortality levels. There was no evidence of deteriorating tree or stand health that could be attributed to either
regular low intensity burning or to a long period (25 years) of fire exclusion. 相似文献
605.
Development Potentials and Policy Options of Biomass in China 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Biomass, one of the most important renewable energies, is playing and will continue to play an important role in the future
energy structure of the world. This article aims to analyze the position and role, assess the resource availability, discuss
the geographic distribution, market scale and industry development, and present the policy options of biomass in China. The
resource availability and geographical distribution of biomass byproducts are assessed in terms of crop residues, manure,
forest and wood biomass byproducts, municipal waste and wastewater. The position of biomass use for power generation is just
next to hydropower among types of renewable energy in China. The potential quantity of all biomass byproducts energy in 2004
is 3511 Mtce (Mtce is the abbreviation of million tons of coal equivalents and 1 Mtce is equal to106 tce.), while the acquirable quantity is 460 Mtce. Biomass energy plays a critical role in rural regions of China. The geographical
distribution and quantity of biomass byproducts resources depends mainly on the relationship between ecological zones and
climate conditions. Our estimation shows that the total quantity of crop residues, manure, forest and wood biomass byproducts,
municipal waste and wastewater resources are 728, 3926, 2175, 155 and 48240 Mt (million tons), respectively. Crop residues
come mainly from the provinces of Henan, Shandong, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Sichuan. All manure is mainly located in the provinces
of Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Hebei and Hunan. Forest and wood biomass byproducts are mainly produced in the provinces or autonomous
regions of Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, while most of municipal waste mainly comes from Guangdong,
Shandong, Heilongjiang, Hubei and Jiangsu. Most of wastewater is largely discharged from advanced provinces like Guangdong,
Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong and Henan. Biomass byproducts’ energy distribution also varies from province to province in China.
Based on the analysis of the market scale and industry development, the article argues that China’s biomass energy industry
is still at a very early stage of development and that Feed-in Tariffs (FIT) might be the best policy option for China to
promote its development of biomass energy. A successful enforcement of FIT in China needs some policy combination of special
capital subsidies, R&D funding, tax incentives and pricing. 相似文献
606.
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) called for a ban on mulesing in the Australian sheep industry in 2004.
Mulesing is a surgical procedure that removes wool-bearing skin from the tail and breech area of sheep in order to prevent
flystrike (cutaneous myiasis). Flystrike occurs when flies lay their eggs in soiled areas of wool on the sheep and can be
fatal for the sheep host. PETA claimed that mulesing subjects sheep to unnecessary pain and suffering and took action against
the Australian wool industry that resulted in a number of international clothing retailers choosing not to use Australian
wool. Although the Australian sheep industry agreed to phase out mulesing in 2010, there is some uncertainty as to whether
this deadline will be achieved. The changing social ethic towards animal welfare suggests that the way the Australian sheep
industry manages the phase out of mulesing in 2010 is vital to its future survival and success. It is likely that if mulesing
does not cease in 2010 there will be a negative market reaction to Australian wool and the risk of legislation to ban mulesing.
To avoid losing control of its animal welfare strategy, the Australian sheep industry should ensure that mulesing is phased
out in 2010 and endorse the animal welfare ethic underpinning this change. The industry should also educate farmers and other
industry stakeholders in how the changing social ethic for animal welfare can create new market opportunities for wool. 相似文献
607.
Paul B. Thompson 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2010,23(3):209-227
Recent publications by Pogge (Global ethics: seminal essays. St. Paul: Paragon House 2008) and by Singer (The life you can save: acting now to end world poverty. New York: Random House 2009) have resuscitated a debate over the justifiability of famine relief between Singer and ecologist Garrett Hardin in the 1970s.
Yet that debate concluded with a general recognition that (a) general considerations of development ethics presented more
compelling ethical problems than famine relief; and (b) some form of development would be essential to avoiding the problems
of growth noted by Hardin. Better than renewing the debate, we should recognize two points. First, food needs do indeed evoke
a moral response that is more direct and compelling than the philosophical positions often generated to rationalize a duty
to bring aid. As such the argument for feeding hungry people cannot be generalized into a paradigm for development ethics
without distortions that undercut the morally valid elements in Singer’s original argument. Second, contrary to prevailing
assumptions in present day development ethics, food aid and famine relief continue to be important priorities for international
agencies, notably the World Food Program. Emergency food assistance, the nominal topic of Singer’s original article, thus
is an important issue for agricultural as well as development ethics, though one that should indeed be seen as distinct from
more complex duties to address the conditions of chronic poverty and underdevelopment. 相似文献
608.
609.
610.
By means of environmental education, teachers are supposed to intervene in pupils’ awareness and concern of environmental
issues. Teachers’ environmental attitudes, however, have rarely been studied. We analysed 367 German pre- and in-service teachers’
environmental attitudes for their structure and socio-economic correlates within the frame of a European project. Thus, we
retrieved for adults the two-dimensional model of ecological values (2-MEV) presented for adolescents by Bogner and Wiseman
(Sci Educ Int 15(1):27–48, 2004). For the two domains, Preservation and Utilisation, the psychometric structure was confirmed and discriminative correlations
with age, gender and teaching subject were unveiled. Further research is needed to deduce the implications for teaching practice. 相似文献