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31.
The effects of manganese (Mn) toxicity on photosynthesis of four tree species in northern Japan representing different successional traits were examined. The four species are: Betula ermanii (Be) and Alnus hirsuta (Ah) representing two early successional species, Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Ud) as the mid-successional species, and Acer mono (Am) as the late successional species. Seedlings were grown hydroponically in a solution containing nutrients and Mn of four concentrations (1, 10, 50, 100 mg litre(-1)) for 50 days. Gas exchange measurements indicate that in all species, Mn accumulation in leaves resulted in the decline of light-saturated net photosynthetic rate ai ambient CO(2) pressure (35 Pa, Pn(amb)) and at saturating (5%) CO(2) pressure (Pn(sat)), and of carboxylation efficiency but has little effect on the maximum efficiency of photochemistry. Sensitivity to elevated levels of Mn differed among species where the decline of Pn(amb) was much more modest in the two early successional species of Be and Ah than the mid- and late successional species of Ud and Am. The same trends were observed in both Pn(sat) and carboxylation efficiency. Based on these results, we suggest that early successional species (Betula ermanii and Alnus hirsuta) have greater tolerance for excess Mn in leaves than mid- and late successional species. 相似文献
32.
Daisuke Imaeda Yoko Ochi Oyuna Tsydenova Masao Amano Valeriy B. Batoev 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(3):737-747
This study investigated the accumulation features and temporal trends of PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs) and non-dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) in the blubber of Baikal seals collected in 1992 and 2005. DL-PCBs (480-3600 ng/g) and NDL-PCBs (980-35,000 ng/g) were dominant contaminants. Concentrations of PCDDs and PCBs in males were significantly higher than in females. In males, age-dependent accumulation was observed for PCDDs, mono-ortho PCBs and NDL-PCBs. PCDFs and non-ortho PCBs showed no such trends, implying that exposure of seals to these contaminants has been decreasing in recent years. No decreasing temporal trend was observed for PCDDs, mono-ortho PCBs and NDL-PCBs, suggesting that Baikal seals are still exposed to PCDDs and PCBs. TEQs of PCDDs and mono-ortho PCBs in seals collected in 2005 accounted for 62-77% of total TEQs. The TEQ levels in 40% of the specimens exceeded the threshold level for immunosuppression observed in harbor seals (209 pg/g). 相似文献
33.
Koike Kentaro Yamaji Toru Nishida Takahiro Yonamine Kazuhide Adachi Akihiro Nakagawa Kozo 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(4):1368-1377
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Copper slag fine aggregate (CUS) is 30% denser than normal aggregate is an effective material for port and harbor structures demanding high-density... 相似文献
34.
Kunihiko Koike Masaharu Nifuku Koichi Izumi Sadaki Nakamura Shuzo Fujiwara Sadashige Horiguchi 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2005,18(4-6):465-468
The explosive self-decomposition characteristics of gaseous ozone with a concentration of up to almost 100 vol% were quantitatively investigated using a closed system with an electric spark device. The lower self-decomposition (explosion) limit for ozone diluted with oxygen at room temperature and atmospheric pressure was 10–11 vol%, and so ozone at more than 10–11 vol% will lead to an explosive chain decomposition reaction leading to its complete conversion to oxygen in a vessel. The lower explosion limit shifts to a higher concentration with a decrease in pressure. The limit was about 80 vol% under a reduced pressure of 10 Torr. We also confirmed that explosion trigger energy (minimum ignition energy) is strongly dependent on ozone concentration and pressure. For example, the minimum trigger energy for 15 vol% ozone at a pressure of 76 Torr (about 220 mJ) was more than 20-fold that at atmospheric pressure (about 10 mJ), and that for 13 vol% ozone (about 580 mJ) was approximately 30 times higher than that for 20 vol% (about 20 mJ) at the same pressure of 76 Torr. Moreover, the physical characteristics of the trigger energy sources (e.g. spark gap and electrode tip angle) leading to the decomposition (explosion) of ozone were investigated under various conditions. 相似文献
35.
Communications research scholars, political scientists, and policy analysts have significantly recognized the role of news
media in reporting and portraying public issues. Nowadays, climate change is an important global environmental concern for
the world communities. Study on the media coverage of climate-change issues is vitally important to know the present situation
of both the global and regional climate, as well as to assess the causes, mitigation and adaptation techniques, and its adverse
impacts. This study demonstrates the coverage of newspapers in Bangladesh on climate change from May 2006 through June 2009
for the three most popular newspapers of Bangladesh, namely The Prothom Alo, The Daily Ittefaq, and The Daily Star. Natural disasters was the major climate-change issue that received the most coverage, along with agriculture, biodiversity,
global warming, climate change, crime, water scarcity, food scarcity, politics, wetlands, tourisms, rivers, forestry and miscellaneous
issues. Local communication concerned with climate-change issues was given preference in the coverage by the newspapers throughout
the study period. The study will be useful for awareness-program formulation on climate-change mitigation and adaptation in
Bangladesh. 相似文献
36.
Strong adsorption of DNA molecules on humic acids 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kazutoshi Saeki Yasutaka Ihyo Masao Sakai Takashi Kunito 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2011,9(4):505-509
Analysing soil microbial communities is often hampered by DNA adsorption on soil organic compounds such as humic acids. However
the role of humic acids in DNA adsorption and stability in soils remains controversial. To characterize DNA–humic acid interactions,
we studied DNA adsorption on two commercially available humic acids and a soil humic acid extracted from an Andosol. Desorption
of the adsorbed DNA using 4 different solutions—distilled water, 0.1 M NaCl, 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.0), and 1%
sodium dodecyl sulfate solution—was also studied to understand the mechanism of DNA adsorption on humic acids. Here, we show
that humic acids play an important role in DNA adsorption to soils. DNA molecules were adsorbed on the humic acids, with adsorption
increasing proportionally with the DNA concentrations in the solution. The adsorption on all humic acid samples was fitted
with Freundlich equation, and the parameters obtained from the equation indicated a high affinity between the humic acids
and DNA molecules. The total amount of DNA desorbed by the 4 solutions was less than 2% of the total DNA adsorbed on all the
humic acids. The results demonstrate that DNA molecules are able to bind strongly to humic acids by ligand binding, hydrophobic
interaction, aggregation, or precipitation. 相似文献
37.
38.
Masao Inui 《Journal of environmental psychology》1982,2(4):313-321
The article briefly summarizes the development of environmental psychology in Japan, and discusses its characteristic areas of research and their relation to contemporary Japanese environmental conditions. The more important studies are reviewed as well as the general methodological orientation of Japanese environmental psychology. 相似文献
39.
Akira Hoshino Maso Tsuji Masanori Momochi Akiko Mizutani Hideo Sawada Setsuo Kohnami Hiroki Nakagomi Michio Ito Hisato Saida Munehiro Ohnishi Michimasa Hirata Masao Kunioka Masahiro Funabash Shogo Uematsu 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2007,15(4):275-280
Several ISO standards for determining the ultimate aerobic/anaerobic biodegradability of plastic materials have been published.
In particular, ISO 14855-1 is a common test method that measures evolved carbon dioxide using such methods as continuous infrared
analysis, gas chromatography or titration and others (ISO 14855-1(2005.9)). This method is a small-scale test for determining
the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials, where the amounts of compost inoculum and test sample in one tenth
comparing with that of ISO 14855-1. This method is well versed in ISO/DIS 14855-2 which the carbon dioxide evolved from test
vessel is determined by gravimetric analysis of carbon dioxide absorbent. The focus of this study is to elucidate statistically
the results of round robin test by seven countries used MODA, which were various deviations among the experiments. 相似文献
40.
Richard Lawford Sushel Unninayar George J. Huffman Wolfgang Grabs Angélica Gutiérrez Toshio Koike 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2023,59(5):877-884
Given the wide diversity of data services provided to national water management agencies, the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) in collaboration with the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) developed the approach described in the report, Implementing the GEOSS Water Strategy—From Observations to Decisions to develop more coherent and equitable data services for water management through the use of Earth observations. Among other water resource issues, it recognized the need to enhance data-enriched water management services to support decision making related to drought monitoring, flood warning, tracking and improving sustainable development and monitoring and ameliorating the impacts of climate change. Needs associated with the Strategy's four themes: improved data acquisition for essential water variables, research and product development, interoperability and coordination, and capacity development and decision support, are reviewed. Responses to the recommendations have been undertaken by GEO, led by its Global Water Sustainability (GEOGloWS) initiative which includes NASA contributions, CEOS, and the Global Terrestrial Network for Hydrology (GTN-H). Progress on the themes is reviewed and benefits of these developments for international and US water management are identified. The commentary concludes with a summary of what has been achieved, what remains to be done, and the priority focus areas for implementation in the final year of the Strategy. 相似文献