Removal of carbamazepine from urban wastewater by sulfate radical oxidation

The occurrence of bioactive trace pollutants such as pharmaceuticals in natural waters is an emerging issue. Numerous pharmaceuticals are not completely removed in conventional wastewater treatment plants. Advanced oxidation processes may represent an interesting alternative to completely mineralize organic trace pollutants. In this article, we show that sulfate radicals generated from peroxymonosulfate/Co^II are more efficient than hydroxyl radicals generated from the Fenton’s reagent (H₂O₂/Fe^II) for the degradation of the pharmaceutical compound, carbamazepine. The second-order rate constant for the reaction of SO₄ ^·− with carbamazepine is 1.92·10⁹ M⁻¹ s⁻¹. In laboratory grade water and in real urban wastewater, SO₄ ^·− yielded a faster degradation of carbamazepine compared to HO^· . Under strongly oxidizing conditions, a nearly complete mineralization of carbamazepine was achieved, while under mildly oxidizing conditions, several intermediates were identified by LC–MS. These results show for the first time in real urban wastewater that sulfate radicals are more selective than hydroxyl radicals for the oxidation of an organic pollutant and may represent an interesting alternative in advanced oxidation processes.     

胶团强化超滤处理水中阿特拉津的研究

采用胶团强化超滤去除水中阿特拉津.考察了表面活性剂、pH、操作压力、操作时间以及温度对阿特拉津去除效果的影响.结果表明,胶团强化超滤法能有效去除水中阿特拉津,最佳工艺条件为:采用分子量为5 000 Dalton的聚砜中空纤维膜、SDBS浓度为8.00mmol/L、压力为0.15 MPa、pH为10、温度为25℃.在此条...     

溴离子和溴酸盐活性炭竞争吸附及溴酸盐生成影响

采用3种活性炭对水体中溴离子和溴酸盐的吸附去除规律进行了考察.结果表明,单吸附条件下溴离子和溴酸盐的吸附去除效率分别达到69%和88%以上,双吸附质条件时溴离子去除率减少到10%.溴酸盐去除率为60%以上;有机物与溴酸盐之间存在竞争吸附关系,AC-400的孔径分布条件更适合于有机物的吸附过程.而不利于溴酸盐的吸附,在低浓度平衡溶液条件下(ce＜72 mg·L-1),AC-100对有机物的吸附能力较高,在溶液平衡浓度72mg·L-1＜ce＜211 mg·L-1条件时,AC-150对有机物的吸附能力较强,影响程度取决于活性炭比表面积和粒度分布等因素;溴酸盐的去除效率同时受到水体中氨含量和pH的影响,氨含量超过200μg/L以上溴酸盐减少量变化不显著,较低pH值溴酸盐生成量较少.     

基于决策树的矿井通风阻变型故障诊断及传感器优化布置*

为实现矿井通风阻变型故障智能诊断,解决风速传感器优化布置与诊断模型不匹配的问题,提出基于决策树的矿井通风故障位置分类判断、故障量回归预测及嵌入式风速传感器优化布置一体化方法;以唐安矿为例对上述方法进行验证。结果表明:矿井通风空间数据集无量纲化能提高故障诊断准确率、提升模型收敛速度,剪枝能提高模型泛化能力;以基尼系数为嵌入式传感器优化布置选择标准,其模型故障诊断准确率更高,当风速传感器数量为15时,故障诊断准确率为84.5%,继续增加风速传感器数量故障诊断准确率提升较小。人工智能诊断技术的应用具有较大的经济和社会效益,是智慧矿山的重要研究方向之一。     

水刺工艺对PPS滤料产品性能的影响

水刺法相对于针刺法除尘滤料具有多方面的优势,具有更高的过滤效率和较低的排放浓度,可满足更加严格的环境空气质量标准。通过使用PPS纤维预先制成的预针刺毡作为样品,利用不同的水刺工艺进行试验,对其常规性能（厚度、透气量、断裂强度、表面效果）做对比分析,讨论了不同水刺工艺参数设置对水刺PPS滤料产品性能的影响,得出相关结论,有助于实际高压水刺滤料生产中工艺参数的选择。