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41.
Molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in relation to soil chemical properties and heavy metal contamination 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mehdi Zarei Stefan Hempel Tesfaye Wubet Gholamreza Savaghebi Mojtaba Khayam Nekouei 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(8):2757-1576
Abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with dominant plant species were studied along a transect from highly lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) polluted to non-polluted soil at the Anguran open pit mine in Iran. Using an established primer set for AMF in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA, nine different AMF sequence types were distinguished after phylogenetic analyses, showing remarkable differences in their distribution patterns along the transect. With decreasing Pb and Zn concentration, the number of AMF sequence types increased, however one sequence type was only found in the highly contaminated area. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that further factors than HM soil concentration affect the AMF community at contaminated sites. Specifically, the soils’ calcium carbonate equivalent and available P proved to be of importance, which illustrates that field studies on AMF distribution should also consider important environmental factors and their possible interactions. 相似文献
42.
Gholamhossein Hosseininia Parisa Rafiaani Khachak Mehdi Nooripoor Steven Van Passel 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2016,59(2):320-341
Understanding communicational behavior of rangelands’ stakeholders is fundamental for effective development of rangeland management plans. This study aimed to understand differences between stakeholders’ relations among various actors involved in rangeland management using social network analysis (SNA). A survey was conducted on 334 stakeholders (89 extension agents, 110 researchers and 135 executive agents) in the Tehran province, Iran. Results showed that all the three groups of stakeholders are interested in making contact mainly within their own group. Furthermore, while the executive agents have shared the strongest technical and friendship relations with the two other groups, the extension agents established the strongest administrative interactions. The researchers, however, made a poor link especially with the extension agents. The study concluded that SNA could be an efficient tool to assess communicational behavior in rangeland management. 相似文献
43.
Fabrice Martin-Laurent Mehdi M. Sahnoun Chloé Merlin Guy Vollmer Markus Lübke 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(7):4928-4933
Chlordecone is an organochlorine insecticide that has been widely used to control banana weevil in the French West Indies. As a result of this intense use, up to 20,000 ha are contaminated by this insecticide in the French West Indies, and this causes environmental damage and health problems. A scenario of exposure was drawn by French authorities, based on land usage records. Many efforts have been made to monitor the occurrence of chlordecone and its main metabolites using different analytical methods, including GC, GC/MS, LC/MS, and NIRS. Although these different methods allow for the detection and quantification of chlordecone from soils, none of them estimate the bottleneck caused by extraction of this organochlorine from soils with high adsorption ability. In this study, we used 13C10-chlordecone as a tracer to estimate chlordecone extraction yield and to quantify chlordecone in soil extracts based on the 13C/12C isotope dilution. We report the optimization of 13C10-chlordecone extraction from an Andosol. The method was found to be linear from 0.118 to 43 mg kg?1 in the Andosol, with an instrumental detection limit estimated at 8.84 μg kg?1. This method showed that chlordecone ranged from 35.4 down to 0.18 mg kg?1 in Andosol, Nitisol, Ferralsol, and Fluvisol soil types. Traces of the metabolite β-monohydrochlordecone were detected in the Andosol, Nitisol, and Ferralsol soil samples. This last result indicates that this method could be useful to monitor the fate of chlordecone in soils of the French West Indies. 相似文献
44.
Concentrations of mercury and arsenic in fish from the Persian Gulf were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Concentrations of the metals in muscle samples were 0.049–0.402 μg g?1 for mercury and 0.168–0.479 μg g?1 for arsenic, with means of 0.133 and 0.312 μg g?1, respectively. The maximum daily consumption rate (grams per day) and meal consumption limit (meals per month) was calculated to estimate health risks associated with fish consumption. According to the results, the maximum allowable consumption rate varies between 8–56 and 15–96 g/day base on mercury and arsenic content, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the concentration of mercury and arsenic is well below the maximum permissible levels for mercury (0.5 μg g?1) and arsenic (6 μg g?1) according to international standards. 相似文献
45.
Fazel Abdolahpur Monikh Mehdi Hosseini Shirin Rahmanpour 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(3):1575-1582
Polychlorinated biphenyl and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in the hepatopancreas of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) from the north Persian Gulf were measured. In addition, the relationships between crab size (carapace width) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in hepatopancreas were investigated by linear regression analysis. Among the PCBs, congeners 110 and 153 were the most frequent and abundant. The results showed that, except in a few cases, significant relationships between PCB and PAH levels and crab size were positive. Comparison between male and female indicated that the average PCB16, 44, 153, and acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and anthracene concentrations in hepatopancreas of male crab were found to be significantly higher than those found in the female crab. 相似文献
46.
Response of coral assemblages to thermal stress: are bleaching intensity and spatial patterns consistent between events? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lucie Penin Jeremie Vidal-Dupiol Mehdi Adjeroud 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(6):5031-5042
Mass bleaching events resulting in coral mortality are among the greatest threats to coral reefs, and are projected to increase in frequency and intensity with global warming. Achieving a better understanding of the consistency of the response of coral assemblages to thermal stress, both spatially and temporally, is essential to determine which reefs are more able to tolerate climate change. We compared variations in spatial and taxonomic patterns between two bleaching events at the scale of an island (Moorea Island, French Polynesia). Despite similar thermal stress and light conditions, bleaching intensity was significantly lower in 2007 (approximately 37 % of colonies showed signs of bleaching) than in 2002, when 55 % of the colonies bleached. Variations in the spatial patterns of bleaching intensity were consistent between the two events. Among nine sampling stations at three locations and three depths, the stations at which the bleaching response was lowest in 2002 were those that showed the lowest levels of bleaching in 2007. The taxonomic patterns of susceptibility to bleaching were also consistent between the two events. These findings have important implications for conservation because they indicate that corals are capable of acclimatization and/or adaptation and that, even at small spatial scales, some areas are consistently more susceptible to bleaching than others. 相似文献
47.
Hossein Tavallali Fazlollah Boustani Mozhdeh Yazdandoust Mehdi Aalaei Mahboobeh Tabandeh 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(5):4273-4279
A new complexing agent, 2-((2-((1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2yl)methoxy)phenoxy)methyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (BIMPI), was used in cloud point extraction and applied for selective pre-concentration of trace amounts of cadmium in cigarette samples. Cadmium was complexed with BIMPI in a buffer solution (pH?=?10) using Triton X-114 as surfactant and quantitatively extracted into a small volume of the surfactant-rich phase after centrifugation. Under optimized conditions (pH?=?10.0, 0.8?×?10?4?mol?L?1 BIMPI and 0.08 % (w/v) Triton X-114), calibration graph was linear in the range of 34.0–1,670.0 μg?L?1. The proposed method was applied to the determination of Cd in various cigarette (tobacco) samples which gave satisfactory results. 相似文献
48.
Contamination by organochlorine compounds in the edible tissue of four sturgeon species from the Caspian Sea (Iran) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hosseini SV Behrooz RD Esmaili-Sari A Bahramifar N Hosseini SM Tahergorabi R Hosseini SF Feás X 《Chemosphere》2008,73(6):972-979
This study focused on accumulation of organochlorine compounds (OCs), including dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) accumulation in the muscle of four sturgeon (Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus; Stellate sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus; Ship sturgeon, Acipenser nudiventris and Beluga sturgeon, Huso huso) from the southern Caspian Sea. The DDT group was prominent in all of the sturgeon muscle tested constituting almost half or more of the total organochlorine content. Contaminant concentration generally followed this order: DDTs>PCBs>HCHs>HCB. The OCs concentrations in Beluga sturgeon (H. huso) were the highest and over four times higher than in the next highest species (A. nudiventris). From an ecotoxicological point of view, the concentrations of OCs in experimental fishes do not reflect a comparatively clean and pollution-free environment; however, results from this study shown that the inflow of organic pollutants into the Caspian Sea has been reduced when compared with prior studies. Levels of measured OCs in sturgeon were relatively low, but the level of some OCs in some of the specimens tested exceeded the guidelines for food; therefore, the maximum allowable daily consumption rate for sturgeon from this watershed may be limited by DDTs and PCBs content for high risk populations. 相似文献
49.
Mehdi Shafaeddin 《Resources Policy》1990,16(4)
This article explains that the nature of commodity price determination and the characteristics of the link between commodity prices and prices of manufactured goods are such that they have an inflationary and recessionary impact on the world economy. Subsequently, it argues that International Commodity Price Agreements (ICAs) and the Common Fund are not only in the interest of developing countries but are also in the vital interest of developed countries. They assist in stabilizing economic activities and sustaining recovery at a higher rate of growth of output and employment in these countries. Nevertheless, to be effective for these purposes, ICAs should cover a wide range of commodities and adequate financial resources should be available to the First Account of the Common Fund. 相似文献
50.
Makhdom Shima Shekarabi Seyed Pezhman Hosseini Shamsaie Mehrgan Mehdi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(25):20634-20640
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The possibility of using different densities of cherry tomato as a bio-filter in a simple media-based aquaponic system to recycle nutrients from pearl... 相似文献