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221.
Kristensen EA Baattrup-Pedersen A Andersen HE 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(3):1435-1448
Increasing human impact on stream ecosystems has resulted in a growing need for tools helping managers to develop conservations
strategies, and environmental monitoring is crucial for this development. This paper describes the development of models predicting
the presence of fish assemblages in lowland streams using solely cost-effective GIS-derived land use variables. Three hundred
thirty-five stream sites were separated into two groups based on size. Within each group, fish abundance data and cluster
analysis were used to determine the composition of fish assemblages. The occurrence of assemblages was predicted using a dataset
containing land use variables at three spatial scales (50 m riparian corridor, 500 m riparian corridor and the entire catchment)
supplemented by a dataset on in-stream variables. The overall classification success varied between 66.1–81.1% and was only
marginally better when using in-stream variables than when applying only GIS variables. Also, the prediction power of a model
combining GIS and in-stream variables was only slightly better than prediction based solely on GIS variables. The possibility
of obtaining precise predictions without using costly in-stream variables offers great potential in the design of monitoring
programmes as the distribution of monitoring sites along a gradient in ecological quality can be done at a low cost. 相似文献
222.
Thomas Prade Lovisa Björnsson Mikael Lantz Serina Ahlgren 《Journal of Land Use Science》2017,12(6):407-441
The increasing biofuel production from agricultural crops has been suggested to cause indirect land use change (iLUC). This increases interest in biofuel feedstocks that qualify as iLUC-free: (1) residues without a market, (2) crops from previously unused arable land, (3) additional crops and (4) biomass from intensified production. In the present study, biofuel potential from such feedstocks was quantified for Sweden and compared against the predicted biofuel demand from agricultural resources in 2030. The results indicate that straw (category 1) could cover up to 37% of future biofuel demand. Grass leys from intensified production (category 4), set-aside and abandoned land (category 2) and excess grass silage (category 1) could cover up to 79%. Intermediate and ecological focus area crops (category 3) could contribute up to 21%. To realize the biofuel targets, a high implementation rate of additional iLUC-free feedstock is needed. Future studies need to investigate impacts of low-iLUC policies. 相似文献
223.
Sofia Ribeiro Mikael K. Sejr Audrey Limoges Maija Heikkilä Thorbjørn Joest Andersen Petra Tallberg Kaarina Weckström Katrine Husum Matthias Forwick Tage Dalsgaard Guillaume Massé Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz Søren Rysgaard 《Ambio》2017,46(1):106-118
In order to establish a baseline for proxy-based reconstructions for the Young Sound–Tyrolerfjord system (Northeast Greenland), we analysed the spatial distribution of primary production and sea ice proxies in surface sediments from the fjord, against monitoring data from the Greenland Ecosystem Monitoring Programme. Clear spatial gradients in organic carbon and biogenic silica contents reflected marine influence, nutrient availability and river-induced turbidity, in good agreement with in situ measurements. The sea ice proxy IP25 was detected at all sites but at low concentrations, indicating that IP25 records from fjords need to be carefully considered and not directly compared to marine settings. The sea ice-associated biomarker HBI III revealed an open-water signature, with highest concentrations near the mid-July ice edge. This proxy evaluation is an important step towards reliable palaeoenvironmental reconstructions that will, ultimately, contribute to better predictions for this High Arctic ecosystem in a warming climate. 相似文献
224.
Effects of cattle slurry acidification on ammonia and methane evolution during storage 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Slurry acidification before storage is known to reduce NH(3) emissions, but recent observations have indicated that CH(4) emissions are also reduced. We investigated the evolution of CH(4) from fresh and aged cattle slurry during 3 mo of storage as influenced by pH adjustment to 5.5 with sulfuric acid. In a third storage experiment, cattle slurry acidified with commercial equipment on two farms was incubated. In the manipulation experiments, effects of acid and sulfate were distinguished by adding hydrochloric acid and potassium sulfate separately or in combination, rather than sulfuric acid. In one experiment sulfur was also added to slurry as the amino acid methionine in separate treatments. In each treatment 20-kg portions of slurry (n = 4) were stored for 95 d. All samples were subsampled nine to 10 times for determination of NH(3) and CH(4) evolution rates using a 2-L flow-through system. In all experiments, the pH of acidified cattle slurry increased gradually to between 6.5 and 7. Acidification of slurry reduced the evolution of CH(4) by 67 to 87%. The greatest reduction was observed with aged cattle slurry, which had a much higher potential for CH(4) production than fresh slurry. Sulfate and methionine amendment to cattle slurry without pH adjustment also significantly inhibited methanogenesis, probably as a result of sulfide production. The study suggests that complex microbial interactions involving sulfur transformations and pH determine the potential for CH(4) emission during storage of cattle slurry, and that slurry acidification may be a cost-effective greenhouse gas mitigation option. 相似文献
225.
226.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - We are facing the challenge of rapid growth in waste from electrical products (e-waste). In Europe, handling e-waste is regulated by the European... 相似文献